TIG welding and MIG welding are two popular welding processes used in various industries and applications. Here’s a comparison of the 2 meth
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TIG welding and MIG welding are two popular welding processes used in various industries and applications. Here’s a comparison of the 2 meth
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Principles of Welding Processes and Techniques for Beginners
With the technological development in the welding sector, more solutions are presented, and thus, cooperating so that in the same activity, there are other processes. Instead of one process excluding the other, all continue to be used, directing the best applicability of each operation, and depending on specific needs or difficulties.
Today, there are three processes widely used in industry and services: COATED ELECTRODE, MIG / MAG and TIG.
However, to define which process you should use, it is vital to know the characteristics of each one, to find advantages and disadvantages among them.
The material below is very didactic and explanatory, so if you already know the three processes, we recommend going straight to the “Recommended Applications”.
Welding with Coated Electrode
It is the oldest of the three processes. The electrode and workpiece are electrical conductors. When connected, the conduction of the electric current passes through them, moving the electrode away from the part.
A current-conducting electric arc is formed, which overheats the electrode and the workpiece, causing the electrode and workpiece metals to fuse in the region of this energy transfer.
The electrode core, metallic and therefore conducting electricity, is coated with a resin that, when heated, burns and expels oxygen at the moment of fusion.
Thus, when the core of the electrode fuses, the coating releases and releases gases that protect the weld pool from contact with the atmosphere.
The resin after cooling is stable again, giving rise to the slag, which is on the welded site. For a good finish, it must be removed after each step.
Without slag removal, the weld's visual finish is impaired, and productivity is hampered. Removal requires post-weld handwork.
The electrode has a specific size and therefore, does not offer continuous material addition, which further reduces the productivity of this process.
Despite this, it is a widely used process, as it has a lower cost of application on a small scale and the acquisition of the equipment is also cheaper than in other methods, making it still the most popular and flexible today.
welding with MIG / MAG
In the Mig / Mag process, the electrode is replaced by the welding wire. As the addition of material, this wire is driven by the feeder that leads it through the torch to the work-piece.
In this case, when the wire passes through the torch contact nozzle, it receives the electric current and, in contact with the workpiece, the electric arc opens.
The fusion pool environment is kept protected by the specific gases for this process: CO2, Argon or Mixture, depending on the application.
Unlike the coated electrode, which you manually approach by keeping the electrode that is consumed in the same proportion the distance from the workpiece, in this process you must maintain a constant distance between the workpiece and the tip of the welding wire.
You regulate the wire speed in the equipment controls - wire speed and amperage - proportionally until you find the appropriate setting that has good penetration, good finish, low level of splash and uniform noise (noise from the welding process).
This is a process of high performance and productivity, with excellent operational ease.
Operation and Equipment for Submerged Arc Welding
Operation and Equipment for Submerged Arc Welding
Operation :
Trigger is pulled and the flux starts depositing on the joint to be welded. Since the flux when cold is non conductor of electricity, the arc may be struck either by touching the electrode with the job or by placing steel wool bet ween electrode and job before switching on the welding cur rent or by using a high frequency unit.
Manually operated submerged arc welding gun
In…
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Submerged Arc Welding | Definition, Principle, and Application
Submerged Arc Welding | Definition, Principle, and Application
Definition :
It is an arc welding process where in coalescence is produced by heating with an electric arc or arcs set up between a bare metal electrode/electrodes and the job. The arc, end of the electrode and molten pool remain completely hidden and are invisible being submerged under a blanket of granular material (flux). The continuously fed bare metal electrode melts and acts are filler…
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What is Gravity Welding ?
What is Gravity Welding ?
Principle of Operation :
In general, it is not easy to mechanize manual metal arc welding. The short length of the electrodes and the difficulties of controlling the arc length have hampered the development and exploitation of suitable systems. One technique which has been successfully used in a number of applications is gravity welding (in figure below).
Gravity Welding
The electrode…
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