#william washington

[nofatclips]

Just Can't Be by Mourning [A] BLKstar from the album Mourning [A] BLKstar in Boston Live

[awendaw-red]

A PANTHEON OF HEROES! This is my newest favorite painting by South Carolina artist Dale Watson. Dale has been commissioned by the American Battlefield Trust to depict Revolutionary War battle scenes for South Carolina’s Liberty Trail. The Liberty Trail is a driving tour of 78 battlefields throughout the state. This trail will be up and running in time for the 250th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. The scene here is a meeting of heroes making plans at Burrell’s Tavern in preparation for the upcoming battle at Eutaw Springs on Sept 8, 1781. This was the last major battle in the state, and it was the bloodiest. Starting on the left, the seated individual is no other than Francis Marion, crooked nose and all. He’s is wearing his worn Continental officer’s uniform. Francis Marion was the commander of the SC Militia in this battle, fighting on the front line. Next is Andrew Pickens, wearing typical militia homespun. Andrew Pickens was shot square in the chest while leading his men on horseback. As his limp body fell to the ground, his men wailed at his death. However. Andrew Pickens didn’t die. The musket ball hit the buckle on his sword belt, leaving a one inch depression for the rest of his life. Andrew Pickens was saved by the Grace of God. He wasn’t called the Fighting Elder for no reason. Standing in the middle is the immortal Gen. Nathanael Greene. Nathanael Greene was George Washington’s most valuable and brilliant general. In this battle, Greene imitated the battle plan used by Daniel Morgan at Cowpens. He had a line of militia (under Marion) in the front line. Next was s line of experienced Continental regulars under Col. Otho Holland Williams. The third line consisted of the cavalry under Lt. Col. William Washington and Col. Light Horse Harry Lee (Robt. E. Lee’s father). Daniel Morgan’s plan is referred to as Defense in Depth. Greene successfully used this plan at Guilford Courthouse. However, at Eutaw Springs Greene used this plan to go on the offense. It was Offense in Depth. The officer beside Greene wearing the green jacket is Light Horse Harry Lee. The battle started when Lee captured 400 British soldiers who were harvesting a field of sweet potatoes. During the battle, Lee protected Greene’s right flank. Next is Col. Otho Holland Williams with the 1st Maryland Regiment (Washington’s Immortals - arguably America’s best fighters). The 1st Maryland plugged a gap in the militia line, and then overran the British camp, and, unfortunately, imbibed too strongly of the British rum supply. The seated officer on the right is Lt. Col. William Washington, commander of the 3rd Continental Light Dragoons. William Washington and Henry Lee were America’s premier cavalry officers. In this battle William Washington guarded Greene’s left flank. As the battle progressed, the British established a strong post on their right flank at a brick plantation house and the surrounding fenced gardens. Washington wanted to turn this flank, but couldn’t maneuver his horses through a dense oak thicket. Rashly, he charged in front of the brick house. His horse was killed and pinned him underneath. Washington was now a sitting duck, and a British regular ran him through with a bayonet. William Washington’s life was saved by British Maj. John Marjoribanks. As the British regular was about to plunge his bayonet again in a death dealing blow, Maj Marjoribanks stopped him. William Washington was captured and remained a POW in Charleston for the remainder of the war. British Maj John Marjoribanks is also a Eutaw Springs hero. He died six weeks after the battle and was buried by the Americans with honor on the battlefield. This painting by Dale Watson depicts some of the most heroic figures that America has ever produced. 

[rainingmusic]

Yelawolf - Best Friend

[bantarleton]

Hammond's Store: The "Dirty War's" Prelude to Cowpens - Journal of the American Revolution

Little is known about the colonial-era history of Hammond’s Store, though the site appears to have been a local meeting place prior to the...

Little is known about the colonial-era history of Hammond’s Store, though the site appears to have been a local meeting place prior to the American Revolution. A 1775 proclamation of South Carolina’s Second Provincial Congress listed “Hammond’s old store” as the election polling place for the newly established “Little River” electoral district.[1] A letter from an anonymous source to the Patriot Henry Drayton dated September 12, 1775, may make reference to this election: “There was but a small gathering—the chief of the whole were liberty boys. They put fourteen members up, but did not close the poll, while the 26th of the month which is appointed, will be at Hammond’s Old Store on Bush river.”[2]

The will of Little River District Patriot militia leader James Williams describes an old store located on a 150-acre tract Williams purchased from Col. Leroy Hammond. “Is it possible Williams’s heirs owned the land on which this skirmish [Hammond’s Store] was fought?” ponders Williams’ biographer, William T. Graves.[3]

When Continental Gen. Daniel Morgan and his flying army arrived at Grindal Shoals on the Pacolet River on December 25, 1780, his orders from Nathanael Greene were, in part, “to give protection . . . and spirit up the people” west of the Catawba River.[4] However, neither the Patriots nor Loyalists of western South Carolina needed assistance eliciting the spirit of vengeance. Following the American surrender of Charleston to the British in May 1780, the political tensions that had mostly been contained by five years of Patriot administration in South Carolina erupted into vigilante violence throughout the colony, with atrocities on both sides. Though Greene had been in command of the Southern Army for less than a month as December 1780 drew to a close, he was growing increasingly concerned about the state of civil war ravaging the South Carolina countryside. “The Whigs and Tories pursue one another with the most relent[less] Fury killing and destroying each other wherever they meet,” he lamented.[5]

British Col. Banastre Tarleton played no small role in setting the brutal tone for the Carolinas’ dirty war. Most infamously, Tarleton oversaw the murder and maiming of scores of Continental troops and Patriot militia at the Waxhaws on May 29, 1780. As the mixed force under the command of Continental Col. Abraham Buford attempted to flee that day, Tarleton’s hard-charging dragoons cut them down, even after many attempted to surrender.[6] For his administration of the day’s butchery, Tarleton earned the nickname “Bloody Ban,” while the term “Tarleton’s Quarter” became local slang for British brutality.

But Patriots were no innocents when it came to partisan atrocities. Dozens, perhaps scores, of Loyalist militia were similarly murdered after they attempted to surrender at King’s Mountain on October 7, 1780.[7] And such brutalities were not limited to the battlefield. In one noteworthy incident from before the British occupation, the crippled, epileptic brother of Loyalist William Cunningham was murdered by a Patriot marauder named Ritchie, and Cunningham’s father was abused while Cunningham was in exile in Savannah. Cunningham eventually returned to the backcountry and killed Ritchie in revenge.[8]

By the time of Morgan’s arrival, such brutalities had become commonplace in the Ninety Six District—the western region of colonial South Carolina, administered from Ninety Six, now in Greenwood County. A prominent Cherokee trading post during the colonial era, the British had established a military outpost at Ninety Six in summer 1780. One Patriot wrote that the Whig residents of Ninety Six District were “like sheep among wolves,” their Tory neighbors “set to Rob us taking all our living, horses, Cows, Sheep, Clothing . . . in fine Everything that sooted them. Until we were Stript Naked.”[9] But according to Loyalist accounts, the Patriots were wolf-like themselves: following the war, in April 1782, Loyalists of the Ninety Six and Camden districts filed a petition with the British House of Lords listing the names of three hundred men “massacred in this province” by Patriot marauders. And the actual number of murdered was fully “thrice that number,” the petition claimed.[10]

The loyalties of individual back country settlements often depended on the political leanings of its leaders. During the American Revolution, many of the Little River District’s Loyalists were led by Robert Cunningham, who may have been a cousin of William Cunningham. Jailed by the provincial government for his Loyalist sentiments early in the war, Robert Cunningham returned to Little River District following his release, his local prominence so great he was elected to South Carolina’s pro-Patriot Provincial senate in 1778, defeating his Patriot rival James Williams. During the election, tensions ran high. At a campaign appearance, Williams attacked Cunningham, with Williams’ wife participating in the fisticuffs.[11]

As the war progressed, James Williams became commander of the Little River District’s Patriot militia regiment.[12]Just a few weeks after the fall of Charleston, Williams’s property was seized by Tory militia. In his memoir, Loyalist David Fanning claimed to have taken part in this capture with William Cunningham.[13]

A stockade on Williams’s property established by British Maj. Patrick Ferguson a few weeks later would remain a prominent Loyalist outpost until the British evacuated Ninety Six in the summer of 1781. “Williams Fort,” as this outpost was known, was located on the Little River, “in what is now Laurens County, near the Newberry Line”[14] not far from Hammond’s Store.

Grindal Shoals was a popular crossing on the Pacolet River in what is now Union and Cherokee counties. Arriving there with Morgan that Christmas Day in 1780 was his “Flying Army” of 320 Maryland and Delaware Continentals, along with two hundred Virginia Rifleman.[15] They camped on land belonging to the prominent local Tory Alexander Chesney, which had been secured the day before by the Little River militia, now under the command of Joseph Hayes, who assumed command of the Little River Regiment after James Williams was killed in the fighting at King’s Mountain in October 1780.

At Grindal Shoals, Morgan plundered Chesney’s property of grain and supplies.[16] Though such plunder may have been necessary to feed his hungry troops, it also served to intimidate the local Tory populace, the practice of terror and intimidation not limited to militia regiments.

Also detached to Morgan’s “Flying Army” but traveling separately on a more southerly route was Lt. Col. William Washington’s regiment of approximately eighty Continental light dragoons. Almost immediately upon arriving in the Ninety Six District, Washington found himself embroiled in the region’s civil war. Reporting to Greene on Sunday, December 24, from the property of Robert McClary, probably just south of the Enoree River on the main road from Grindal Shoals to Hammond’s Store, which continued on to Ninety Six,[17] Washington described Tory marauding in the region: “The Distress of the Women and Children stripp’d of every thing by plundering Villains cries aloud for redress.”[18]

British Col. Banastre Tarleton played no small role in setting the brutal tone for the Carolinas’ dirty war. Most infamously, Tarleton oversaw the murder and maiming of scores of Continental troops and Patriot militia at the Waxhaws on May 29, 1780. As the mixed force under the command of Continental Col. Abraham Buford attempted to flee that day, Tarleton’s hard-charging dragoons cut them down, even after many attempted to surrender.[6] For his administration of the day’s butchery, Tarleton earned the nickname “Bloody Ban,” while the term “Tarleton’s Quarter” became local slang for British brutality.

But Patriots were no innocents when it came to partisan atrocities. Dozens, perhaps scores, of Loyalist militia were similarly murdered after they attempted to surrender at King’s Mountain on October 7, 1780.[7] And such brutalities were not limited to the battlefield. In one noteworthy incident from before the British occupation, the crippled, epileptic brother of Loyalist William Cunningham was murdered by a Patriot marauder named Ritchie, and Cunningham’s father was abused while Cunningham was in exile in Savannah. Cunningham eventually returned to the backcountry and killed Ritchie in revenge.[8]

By the time of Morgan’s arrival, such brutalities had become commonplace in the Ninety Six District—the western region of colonial South Carolina, administered from Ninety Six, now in Greenwood County. A prominent Cherokee trading post during the colonial era, the British had established a military outpost at Ninety Six in summer 1780. One Patriot wrote that the Whig residents of Ninety Six District were “like sheep among wolves,” their Tory neighbors “set to Rob us taking all our living, horses, Cows, Sheep, Clothing . . . in fine Everything that sooted them. Until we were Stript Naked.”[9] But according to Loyalist accounts, the Patriots were wolf-like themselves: following the war, in April 1782, Loyalists of the Ninety Six and Camden districts filed a petition with the British House of Lords listing the names of three hundred men “massacred in this province” by Patriot marauders. And the actual number of murdered was fully “thrice that number,” the petition claimed.[10]

The loyalties of individual back country settlements often depended on the political leanings of its leaders. During the American Revolution, many of the Little River District’s Loyalists were led by Robert Cunningham, who may have been a cousin of William Cunningham. Jailed by the provincial government for his Loyalist sentiments early in the war, Robert Cunningham returned to Little River District following his release, his local prominence so great he was elected to South Carolina’s pro-Patriot Provincial senate in 1778, defeating his Patriot rival James Williams. During the election, tensions ran high. At a campaign appearance, Williams attacked Cunningham, with Williams’ wife participating in the fisticuffs.[11]

As the war progressed, James Williams became commander of the Little River District’s Patriot militia regiment.[12]Just a few weeks after the fall of Charleston, Williams’s property was seized by Tory militia. In his memoir, Loyalist David Fanning claimed to have taken part in this capture with William Cunningham.[13]

A stockade on Williams’s property established by British Maj. Patrick Ferguson a few weeks later would remain a prominent Loyalist outpost until the British evacuated Ninety Six in the summer of 1781. “Williams Fort,” as this outpost was known, was located on the Little River, “in what is now Laurens County, near the Newberry Line”[14] not far from Hammond’s Store.

Grindal Shoals was a popular crossing on the Pacolet River in what is now Union and Cherokee counties. Arriving there with Morgan that Christmas Day in 1780 was his “Flying Army” of 320 Maryland and Delaware Continentals, along with two hundred Virginia Rifleman.[15] They camped on land belonging to the prominent local Tory Alexander Chesney, which had been secured the day before by the Little River militia, now under the command of Joseph Hayes, who assumed command of the Little River Regiment after James Williams was killed in the fighting at King’s Mountain in October 1780.

At Grindal Shoals, Morgan plundered Chesney’s property of grain and supplies.[16] Though such plunder may have been necessary to feed his hungry troops, it also served to intimidate the local Tory populace, the practice of terror and intimidation not limited to militia regiments.

Also detached to Morgan’s “Flying Army” but traveling separately on a more southerly route was Lt. Col. William Washington’s regiment of approximately eighty Continental light dragoons. Almost immediately upon arriving in the Ninety Six District, Washington found himself embroiled in the region’s civil war. Reporting to Greene on Sunday, December 24, from the property of Robert McClary, probably just south of the Enoree River on the main road from Grindal Shoals to Hammond’s Store, which continued on to Ninety Six,[17] Washington described Tory marauding in the region: “The Distress of the Women and Children stripp’d of every thing by plundering Villains cries aloud for redress.”[18]

[1]J.B.O. Landrum, Colonial and Revolutionary History of Upper South Carolina (Greenville, SC: Shannon & Co., Printers & Binders, 1897), 41-42. This proclamation divided the region “between the Broad and Saluda rivers” into three congressional districts: the Upperor Spartan District; the Lower District, “commonly called Dutch Fork;” and the Little River District, “bounded as follows: By Saluda River to Saluda Old Town to where the said river crosses the Indian boundary line; by the said Indian line to where it crosses the Enoree River, thence down the Enoree to road above described, which bounds the lower district.”

[2]R.W. Gibbes, Documentary History of the American Revolution (New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1855), 1: 177-178.

[3]William T. Graves, Backcountry Revolutionary: James Williams (1740-1780) with source documents (Lugoff, SC: Southern Campaigns of the American Revolution Press, 2010), 275. This information appears in a footnote to Appendix 17, “The Memoir of Joseph McJunkin.”

[4]Nathanael Greene to Daniel Morgan, December 16, 1780, in The Papers of Nathanael Greene, 13 vols., eds: Richard K. Showman and Dennis Conrad (Chapel Hill: Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1976-2006), 6: 589-590. Hereafter cited as NG with appropriate volume and page numbers, e.g. 6: 589-590. Spelling grammar, punctuation, and capitalization are presented as in the original.

[5]Greene to Gen. Robert Howe, December 29, 1780, NG, 7: 17.

[6]Christopher Ward, The War of the Revolution (New York, Skyhorse Publishing, 2011), 708.

[7]Ibid, 744.

[8]John S. Pancake, This Destructive War: The British Campaign in the Carolinas, 1780-1782 (Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press, 1985), 87.

[9]Walter Edgar, Partisans & Redcoats: The Southern Conflict That Turned the Tide of the American Revolution(New York: William Morrow, 2001), 71. For this account Edgar references Rachel N. Klein, Unification of a Slave State: The Rise of the Planter Class in the South Carolina Backcountry, 1760-1808 (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1990), 100.

[10]Robert Stansbury Lambert, South Carolina Loyalists in the American Revolution(Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1987), 211-212.

[11]Joseph Johnson, Traditions and Reminiscences Chiefly of the American Revolution in the South: Including Biographical Sketches, Incidents and Anecdotes (Charleston, SC: Walker & James, 1851), 484. Background on Robert Cunningham also taken from William T. Graves, Backcountry Revolutionary: James Williams (1740-1780) with source documents, 24; and Edward McCrady, The History of South Carolina in the Revolution: 1780-1783(New York: McMillan & Co., 1902), 24-25.

[12]William T. Graves, Backcountry Revolutionary, 60.

[13]David Fanning, The Narrative of Colonel David Fanning, (New York: Joseph Sabine, 1865), 11.

[14]Lyman Draper, King’s Mountain and Its Heroes (Cincinnati, OH: Peter G. Thomson, Publisher, 1881), 69.

[15]Christopher Ward, The War of the Revolution, 751

[16]Lawrence E. Babits, A Devil of a Whipping: The Battle of Cowpens (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1998), 48.

[17]Lee F. McGee, “The Better Order of Men: Hammond’s Store and Fort Williams,” Southern Campaigns of the American Revolution (hereafter SCAR), Vol. 2, No. 12, December 2005.

[18]William Washington to Greene, December 24, 1780, NG, 6: 611.

[19]Lee F. McGee, “The Better Order of Men,” SCAR, 2: 12. McGee admits there is no direct evidence linking this intelligence to Washington, though Washington was campaigning in this vicinity based on his to Greene dated December 24.

[20]Morgan to Greene, December 31, 1780, NG, 7: 30.

[21]Henry Lee, The Revolutionary War Memoirs of Henry Lee (New York: De Capo Press, 1998), 589.

[22]Ibid.

[23]Lee F. McGee, “The Better Order of Men.”

[24]Pension Application of Robert Long (S7157), transcribed by Will Graves, Southern Campaigns Revolutionary War Pension Statements and Rosters, www.revwarapps.org/s7157.pdf, accessed on October 23, 2018.

[25]Morgan to Greene, January 4, 1781, NG, 7: 50-51.

[26]Morgan to Greene, December 31, 1780, NG, 7: 30.

[27]Thomas Young, “Memoir of Major Thomas Young,” Orion Magazine, November, 1843, www.carolinamilitia.com/memoir-of-major-thomas-young/, accessed October 6, 2018.

[28]Morgan to Greene, December 31, 1780, NG, 7: 30.

[29]Christopher Ward, The War of the Revolution, 708, 741.

[30]Thomas Young, “Memoir of Major Thomas Young.”

[31]Ibid.

[32]Morgan to Greene, January 4, 1781, NG, 7: 50-51.

[33]Pension Application of Robert Long.

[34]Lyman Draper, King’s Mountain and Its Heroes, 298n.

[35]“Memoirs of Major Joseph McJunkin, prepared by Reverend James Hodge Saye,” South Carolina Loyalists and Rebels, sc_tories.tripod.com/memoirs_of_major_joseph_mcjunkin.htm, accessed October 23, 2018.

[36]Isaac Allen to Charles Cornwallis, December 31, 1780, in Cornwallis Papers, edited by Ian Saberton (East Sussex, England: The Naval & Military Press, 2010), 3:290. (Hereafter CP, with volume and page number.)

[37]Lee F. McGee, “The Better Order of Men.”

[38]Cornwallis to Robert Cunningham, November 22, 1780, CP, 3:391-392. Account of Cunningham at Williams Fort from Cornwallis to Balfour, January 3, 1781, CP, 3:121.

[39]Isaac Allen to Cornwallis, December 19, 1780, CP, 3:284.

[40]Murtie June Clark, Loyalists in the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War (Baltimore, MD: Geneaological Publishing Co., Inc., 1981), 1: 260-264.

[41]Lee F. McGee, “The Better Order of Men.”

[42]Archibald McArthur to Cornwallis, January 1, 1781, CP, 3:330-331.

[43]Morgan to Greene, January 4, 1781, NG, 7: 50-51.

[44]Morgan to Greene, December 31, 1780, NG, 7: 30.

[45]Greene to Morgan, January 8, 1780, NG, 7: 72.

[46]Lee F. McGee, “The Better Order of Men”

[47]William Johnson, Sketches of the Life and Correspondence of Nathanael Greene, Major General of the Armies of the United States (Charleston, SC: A.E. Miller, 1822), 1: 363.

[48]David Schenck, North Carolina, 1780-’81: Being a History of the Invasion of the Carolinas by the British Army Under Lord Cornwalls in 1780-’81 (Raleigh, NC: Edwards & Broughton, Publishers, 1889), 202-203.

[49]Cornwallis to Rawdon, December 30, 1780, CP, 3: 232-233. Cornwallis wrote, “From every thing I hear of his [Greene’s] force I do not think it possible for him to strike any blow that would materially affect my movements, and by advancing on the west of the Catawba I should, I think, oblige Morgan and Washington absolutely to quit the country before me.”

[50]Cornwallis to Rawdon, January 3, 1781, CP, 3: 239. Cornwallis wrote: “On the evening of the 1st I received accounts that Washington had surprised and routed a party of militia near Williams’s stockaded house on the 30th . . . It was reported that Morgan was marching with two pieces of cannon to Ninety Six. I immediately ordered Tarleton to cross Broad River with the Legion and 1st Battalion of the 71st and to proceed with utmost dispatch to the relief of Ninety Six or pursuit of Morgan.”

[51]Banastre Tarleton, A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 (London: T. Cadell, 1787), 210.

[52]Cornwallis to Tarleton, January 2, 1781, in Tarleton, A History of the Campaigns, 244.

[53]Tarleton to Cornwallis, January 4, 1781, in Tarleton A History of the Campaigns, 245-246.

[54]Cornwallis to Tarleton, January 5, 1781, in Tarleton A History of the Campaigns, 246-247.

[55]Ian Saberton, “Introduction to the Rest of Part Six,”CP, 3: 11.

[56]David Ramsey, The history of South Carolina, from a British province to an independent state (Trenton, NJ: Isaac Collins, 1885), 2:273.

[since1775]

南部戦線。

そのうち色塗ります（そのうち・・・）

[sonofhistory]

James Monroe in Trenton

Continued from here. 

241 years ago on the night of December 25th, 1776, James Monroe was an eighteen year old with a mission. His regiment, the 3d Virginia, commanded by Hugh Mercer, was chosen by General George Washington to go on a scouting mission across the Delaware river to seek out Hessian forces. The 3rd Virginia’s numbers at that moment were down to only twenty-five (or 1/3) of the men in the regiment due to illness; Monroe was one of them. Captain William Washington, a distant cousin of George Washington, was head of the expedienciary group across the frozen river.

Before leaving, Captain Washington implemented his trust in the teenager to be his second-in-command. Monroe was already with the rank of lieutenant--were the Captain to fall, Monroe to was to lead the men on. They left around ten at night, trekking through the sleet and new fallen snow many miles outside of Trenton and little street that would provide them with full utilization and view of the Hessians from their position. By the end of the night, there would be two men of their regiment of which would fall. 

Along their way, the soldiers of the 3rd Virginia grew rather rambunctious in nervous energy, talking with increasing volume to one another. The Captain ordered them to lower their voices, for they were traveling through an area of tory homestead and to wake them was to release their mission to the British. In the home of one named Dr. Ryker, his dogs began to bark loudly alerting the owners of the home that something was amiss. From the top window, still in his night clothes the man began shouting at them in the dead of night begging them to quiet because they were waking others. The man believed the soldiers he saw below his window were the British and as a closed patriotic man he felt will to shout at them. 

Ryker asked them of which forces they were from and after seeing their uniforms was stunned. Monroe burst ahead to the window, ahead of his rebels and quickly explained to the man that they were soldiers of the Continental Army and were on a mission by George Washington into Trenton. The Doctor shut his window and went downstairs to let them in from the cold, wet and dreary night. Ryker inquired to Monroe’s age, rank and after giving the 3rd Virginia a few supplies offered up his services as a doctor in the army for the night. At first, Captain Washington refused because he believed that his man may compromise their state of being, location and would lead to further casualties were he to be shot or captured (he was unarmed). However, Monroe was able to convince the older man to allow the Doctor on the mission and with reluctancy Ryker was allowed on to tag along. At the end of the night, neither of them knew their lives would be saved in mere moments by the patriot doctor they had allowed with them. 

They began to march again out into the cold and reached Trenton before the rest of the army and before sun-up. The men were tired, weak and frozen by the time of day-break when General Washington gave order for the men to assault the Hessians in their sleep. Captain William Washington at the 3rd Virginia led the first barrage at the Germans who charged to take control of the Hessian operated canons at the fort. When they made contact and fighting started, the Captain was able to lead his men and take over the Hessian canons while the soldiers held off the Germans with bullets and bayonets. They led a sucessful race into the town. Monroe’s company drove in Hessian pickets, and seized two of their cannons on King Street while also capturing their crews. 

However, in the process of this, Washington received wounds to both hands during the action and fell. Monroe’s Captain was soon carried from the field. The teenager, noticing his leader had fallen took charge due to his rank as second-in-command and rallied the men to lead on another attack of the Hessians furthering from the canons into the forces. While leading his men at a a sprint, a German gun aimed at a distance fired noticing at clear that he was the leader. The bullet whizzed through the air from the musket it had been shot from and tore through the flesh of the lieutenant’s shoulder. Immediately Monroe fell to the ground. The bullet had ripped through the muscle of his left shoulder, just below his collar bone, just above his heart, and struck the major artery: the Brachial Artery, or, the largest blood artery in the upper arm. Rupture of the Brachial Artery takes fourteen seconds for the individual to become unconscious and only a minute and a half for the person to loose enough blood to perish. 

The boy began to bleed out quickly, with much speed as blood poured from the wound and he began to choke. Of course, it is unknown what he thought of in his supposed last moment, perhaps, he knew that like his parents, he had always been destined to die young and obscure. Dr. Ryker, at a distance had noticed that he had fallen and ran from off the field to aide him. Monroe was in a dizzy conscious when Ryker dropped to him. Without having any tools for use, to stop the flow of blood, the Doctor took his finger at stuck it into the bullet hole in his effort to stop the bleeding with his fingers. Monroe was now slipping out of consciousness from the pain and unable to stay awake any longer as the the loss of blood made him dreadfully weak and unable to move. With the assault on Trenton occurring behind them, Ryker swiftly was able to clamp off the artery as Monroe clung to whatever life in him he had left. 

The boy was terribly pale and feeble by the time Ryker was able to pull him off the battle field to an area where William Washington, with severe wounds to his hands, now rested as he was being aided by him as well. In the nick of time, Ryker was able to save Monroe as a doctor who wasn’t supposed to be accompanying them at all. As stated in his autobiography, the bullet had passed straight through him creating a large scar in his right breast and his back where the exit path lay. It took Monroe a day and a half before he finally woke up in agony. His wounds had been stitched up with sutures and he lay in bed for a week before being moved to the house of Henry Wyncoop where he stayed recuperating for the duration of eight and a half long weeks. 

Due to his bravery in leading his men and for his wounds, Monroe was given by congress the rank of captain and William Washington that of major. Besides honor, he also received a second painting of him by a revolutionary war artist:

In this painting, John Trumbull's painting of the Capture of the Hessians at the Battle of Trenton James Monroe can be seen in the far corner nursing his wounds in the arms of another; possible William Washington. 

The the famous Delaware Crossing painting spoken of, the German-American artist most likely placed Monroe in the painting with all the other diverse figures to represent the sacrifice young boys, such as James Monroe, did in order to serve the cause they believed was right as well as the wounds they gained fighting for their country, liberty and freedom. 

[nofatclips]

Junee by Mourning [A] BLKstar from the album Ancient//Future

[nofatclips]

Be by Mourning [A] BLKstar from the album The Cycle