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@willafghanblog
Final Entry
So this will be my final entry as, in a few days, I will begin the odyssey of my return trip home! February was a tough month. In addition to burn out, snow and mud, the cold and a general running down of my body-there were a couple of attacks in the area and when we weren't out on missions in the freezing cold we were stuck on base fighting boredom because our helos were grounded by the bad weather. Most of the month I was also busy investigating a suicide bombing at the base on the Pakistan border. It is a tiny base shared with the Afghan border police and few comforts from home; (ever seen the movie "Platoon" with the wooden toilets that have barrels underneath, the waste is collected there and has to be burned by some unlucky joe three times daily)and obviously dangerous. I can't go into the circumstances but I do want to tell you the story of the three dogs that saved US lives that night. The dogs were all local mutts friendly to the Americans (maybe because we treat them well and don't abuse them like the locals). On the night of the bombing the suicider knew exactly where to go (the US barracks) but fortunately the three dogs were outside the door sleeping. They not only alerted the guys inside but also held on to the bomber until, in frustration, he detonated himself in the doorway. A soldier lying on his cot had gotten up to see what was going on and had he stayed on his cot he would've died. One of the pooches (appropriately named VBIED) survived. Although deafer than a post now, the medic cleaned him up, shaved him and sewed up some cuts on him. Otherwise he is fine and being treated like a king by the US soldiers. As soon as I can I will post some pictures of it as the soldiers there are trying to adopt it and take it to a good home back in the states.
These months have been the longest of my life but it has been an experience to grow and learn from, as well as to make me more thankful for all the blessings of living in the US. I feel for the Afghan people since all they have known is war for 30 years. I have also seen how pashtunwalli and religion can be used only for individualistic or clan benefit. I really think education is the key. Our team has gone on over 300 convoys and completed over 60 projects (leaving the next team a much more manageable number, thus helping keep better tabs on quality and preventing graft and corruption). We conducted dozens of rule of law, women's rights, and vocational classes. Still the road is going to be a tough one and this country will likely remain very impoverished. The key is to empower local government until an educated population can be attained in the far future. Then through good intelligence work prevent al qaeda from returning; we can leave this place one day but cannot ignore it like we did after the Soviet pullout. thanks for tuning in. MAJ William Hogan-out.
The Pendulum Swings
Things are going ok. It's hard not to get frustrated. We are making progress in many fronts and getting a big boost from the "civilian surge". We now have a couple of USAID guys to go out to the major population centers as well as an Ag expert from the US Department of Agriculture. It's also getting crowded on our little FOB (picture of our glorious Qalat above taken during summer). The frustration comes from all the corruption and overall lack of development. A lot of money and time have been wasted. Also, there have been more attacks in relatively safe Gardez since I got here than at any time since 2001. Part of it is the mild winter and the Pakistani Army finally taking it to the Taliban in their sanctuaries across the border. Counting the days until I get back to civilization!
Back to the Grind
Happy New Year! I just got back from a 2-week R&R leave where I spent some time visiting Germany, Austria and Czech. The 72 hour ordeal getting there and back made me wonder if it was worth it at times but, yes, getting away from here to a civilized, christian country-especially over Christmas was worth it. When I got back I wanted to get right back into the swing of things. I guess there had been two attacks on Government buildings in Gardez while I was gone. Then we heard about the one in Khost and had to check everything over across the base. Two days ago, a suicide bomber blew himself up outside the crowded "Spin" Market in Gardez. The blast left 8 Afghans dead and over 20 wounded though it didn't make the major US news outlets. I guess Tiger Woods' affairs are more important (sarcasm). That's about all for now. More to follow.
Happy Thanksgiving
Thanksgiving was pretty decent even though we still worked we didn't send any missions out. Mostly everyone just took it easy and did laundry, caught up on mail or reading. We got a pretty good spread. The chow hall had ham, turkey and roast beef plus all the trimmings. One of our Air Force sergeants won awards as a baker back home and he made some really amazing cinnamon rolls and bear claws. We are now encouraging him to make them once a week for the PRT. A bitter-sweet occasion for sure being away from family but still celebrating with my fellow soldiers and airmen. After this down day we'll continue doing what we do. Some of the initiatives the PRT will continue no matter the weather include Rule of Law training for teachers (especially women), in order to start teaching ethics and human rights to the next generations; MidWife training program since Afghanistan was recently nominated the worst place to be born after Somalia (very high infant mortality especially since in the tribal areas teenage brides abound); and our vocational programs. This winter we will also assist the WHO in immunizing Afghan children against polio.
November whizzing by too!
For Veteran's Day I got to do something pretty cool and sent a short video clip to my nephew's middle school. I am glad my friends at Abingdon Heights school enjoyed the short clip. Thanks for all the Veteran's Day wishes too! So it looks like we will stay busy into the winter months. The Pakistani Army is finally making things hard for the Taliban on their side of the border which means their sanctuary is not so safe anymore. We are going to continue with our many projects including two major roads and 30 schools (most are for boys and girls unless there was an existing girls school separately), wells, district center refurbishments and others. In addition to construction, this PRT facilitates civics and rule of law training for teachers and women across the province. We also sponsor vocational training programs (see my entry from August). I think we are making progress though most of our work has been catching up to the large workload the last team left. Unfortunately their emphasis was quantity over quality and this left us open to shabby construction and as well as corruption. We'll drive on.
Friday the 13th
No missions today, we usually take a breather on Fridays since most Afghans don't work on this day anyway (like Sundays for us back home). We got our first snow three nights ago and I am not looking forward to the 20 below zero temperatures we can expect in January. Right now when the sun is out and wind is down it's fairly pleasant. Corruption....hmmm where to begin. Suffice it to say that it is everywhere and practiced at all magnitudes from your "fee" to process paperwork to actual extortion. We are doing alot more to mitigate it than the previous team and hope to come up with the right mix of oversight, nudging, cadjoling, threatening etc to bring corruption down to an acceptable level (for Afghanistan). My coworker mentioned something which illustrates how the Coalition is viewed as a sort of "cash cow". My coworker was approached by her local national employee with the proposition that the PRT give him a grant of $15,000 (not Afghanis, or Pak Rupees-Dollars!) because he needs to find a wife (Pashtun men must pay a large dowery to the father of the prospective bride, this makes for a large population of single males that have very little contact with females outside their family since most cannot afford to marry). He thought that even though he is payed better than most Afghans and gets free food he was entitled to get a grant for him to get married. This is no joke and he was absolutely serious! Missions continue until the passes are covered in snow!!!
Winter Ops, creative excuses and dogs
We are busy getting out as much as possible before the hard winter sets in. In a couple of weeks all our construction projects stop because of road closures and low temperatures. Going to one of our school projects, our interpreter was berating the supervisor for the poor construction of several walls (the bricks were not aligned and concrete could be picked out with your finger). The Interpreter said: "these people are guests in our country, this school is not for them it's for your village and your children" I hope the message got through. In one case, I wasn't their but the excuse given by the foreman was "the Taliban comes here at night and builds crappy walls to make us look bad". What?!! That was the pinnacle of creative excuses I have heard. I like to call one of our USACE Engineers "Demolition Man". He will kick over, chip away at and topple walls and other shabby masonry over and over until the contractor does it right. He is big burly guy but today he fell in love with a little puppy, no more than a month old, at the District Center. The puppy was playful and very cute. Unfortunately we can't take him and in a country where dogs are reviled and hated I don't expect he will have an easy life, too bad. On the other side of that coin, we have a pack of wild dogs (big ones) roaming around on our FOB. They don't seem aggressive but you can hear them at night fighting over trash and they sound pretty fierce. I know we have traps out (cages with bait) and hope we can humanely move them off the base soon. In other news, one of our convoys got hit again in Zormat but the Taliban probably wish they hadn't started shooting. That day one of our Air Force Commo guys (aka Geek Squad) was manning the turret on one of the MRAPs. Every one of our enlisted Air Force guys is cross-trained as a gunner or driver so that we can use them outside the wire as well. As soon as the convoy took a turn off the main road they entered a wadi or dry river bed. As everyone slowed down they started receiving mortar fire. Soon machine gun fire started coming from a tree line. Well, Alex began returning fire, firing 140 rounds until the weapon jammed then he switched to his personal weapon (with grenade launcher attachment) and fired off a couple of well placed 40mm grenades after which the firing stopped. Great job! I guess all those hours playing Halo payed off..
Done with Elections
We just got news a few hours ago that the run-off has been cancelled and Karzai declared the winner. It is somewhat of a relief since this event was going to occupy the next two weeks for us. I am also glad for all the Afghan Security Forces since they were going to bear the brunt of any attack across the country. How do you justify putting yourself at risk for an election run-off where one of the two candidates dropped out? I digress. Between planning for elections security and most of our MRAP's being out of action (maintenance issues mostly but there were a couple of IED hits in there, thank God, nobody was hurt) I have been out of the loop so here is a short update: For Halloween, after our mission of the day and endless meetings and after action reviews, we had a scary movie marathon in the conference room. In the middle of Friday the 13th redux, three of our soldiers came in trick or treatin'. One guy had full Afghan dress on, another had turned his cold weather gear into some sort of Ninja outfit and the third had gotten ahold of a set of adult size Pikachu pijamas complete with hood. It was a riot and we had plenty of candy to hand out. Thanks to everyone that sent us care packages! In the little free time that I have, I have been reading "The Great Game" by Peter Hopkirk. It reads like a novel but is very detailed in its history of how the "Great Game" between the Russian the British Empire helped get Afghanistan where it is now. Highly recommend. Signing off for now.
Some thoughts on the mission
As we prepare to support the Afghans in a run-off election (whether Dr. Abdullah Abdullah is in it or not), I read an article recently where the reporter had gotten a hold of several soldiers who did nothing but complain and wonder why they are here. I can't speak for that province but my unit here knows what our mission is: Protect the Afghan people; set the conditions for continued development, assist the provincial government in providing for their people and allow time for the Afghan institutions (including the Security Forces) to stand on their own feet. Everyone on this base assigned to PRT Paktya, from the cooks to the mechanics to the Commander and his staff know these goals and know full well that is the reason we are here. If the US fails in this mission, several things will happen. Islamic radicals will claim victory over another superpower and will take this momentum to export Jihad to every country from Egypt to Spain and to the United States and Canada across the Atlantic. There will be a replay of the 90's proxy wars over control of Afghanistan where Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the Central Asian Republics will all fund warlords/armies continuing the see-saw of war until Afghanistan is taken over by the most powerful. That group will then marginalize and possibly "ethnically cleanse" the weaker groups/tribes. Humanitarian aid delivery and NGO operations in Afghanistan will grind to a halt again, especially during the harsh winter. Money will come in only to fund warlords and radicalism will be the output. Pakistan will destabilize further, if you think the Taliban are conducting low intensity warfare in Pakistan wait until they have sanctuary in Afghanistan as well as funds from Opium. The Central Asian Republics will destabilize as well leading to higher energy prices. Finally, southern and eastern Afghanistan will return to being a no-man's land where international Islamic radical movements will be free to rebuild camps (using petro and narco dollars) to export Islamic radicalism worldwide. Unfortunately, Iraq became the focus as early as Spring 2002 (US forces dwindled to around 4000 troops in 2003, 4000 troops to secure a country the size of Texas!) but it's not too late I think. My honest assessment is that our Counterinsurgency strategy will work but it needs time. GEN McChrystal's strategy of protecting the population will allow the Afghan government to get on its feet. Corruption...well, that is a whole other story. Stay tuned......
Z-town and October is flying by!
Still having challenges with building schools in areas that aren't yet permissive. This weekend we traveled to a project in Zormat, the site of several attacks on our convoys. The Haqqani network runs around in the mountain passes east of us but down here in this valley it's all Taliban, former and current. The tribes and sub-tribes here are very fractured and fiercely independent. They will play any and all sides to their advantage. There is a saying attributed to the Pashtuns here I don't know if they actually say it but it goes: "Me against by brother, my brother and I against my cousin, my cousin, my brother and I against the world!" Sounds pretty cool anyway. The district looks a lot like Mars: flat, dusty and rocky. It is one of the most populated districts in the province and everyone lives in fortified Qalats with plots of corn, nuts or wheat around their forts. To the east are the Shah-i-Kot Mountains. The last scene of Act 1 of this opera called OEF. This is where, in February 2002, Special Operations and a Brigade of the 101st Airborne tried to seal off the passes leading to Pakistan. It basically ended in a draw and the Al-Qaeda and Taliban cadres were able to sneak off to the tribal areas of Pakistan to regroup and recruit before coming back in force four years later. Today we go with a lot of firepower and vehicles, as the local unit's XO puts it: "with more soldiers than Xerxes took with him to Greece". I thought that was funny but there is a reason. Every time the PRT has attempted to inspect the quality of the construction here we have been attacked. Last time, from the tree line 400 meters away, came AK-47 fire and from further back rockets. There is also a Pakistani in the area known as "82" because he is handy with the 82 mm mortar. He also took some pretty accurate pot shots. This time however it goes quietly and the work here has actually improved from a few months ago when you could crumble the concrete with your bare hands. The following day we went into downtown Zormat for a shura, a large meeting with all the local elders. This is the most run-down, dusty town I have ever seen. Open sewers in the street (read dirt road) and trash piled everywhere, and this is the main drag! Shops keepers came out to see the crowd walking down the street to the district center. Nobody looks particularly friendly. In a decrepit park, (triangle shaped patch of gravel at the intersection of three roads with a water well in the center and more trash all around), three women in Burkas with little children sit begging or waiting for their male chaperone, not sure which. The dust was like baby powder and covered everything, kicked up constantly by the passing trucks and marching feet. At the Shura, there were about 150 locals and the discussion was development and our other large road project the Gardez to Ghazni (or GG) Road. The Deputy Governor and Chief of Police gave encouraging statements and asked the locals to support security so that this development could continue unabated. We returned without any incident. Life goes on in Z-town and October is flying by thankfully.
Starry Nights
To quote the movie Platoon: "this place is beautiful at night". The high altitude, lack of ambient light (as in nobody has power) and the fact that we black out our FOB at night to prevent mortar attacks makes for an absolutely amazing night sky. Stars and planets blanket the heavens, clear and crisp with a wide swath of milky-way running right through the middle. But dont forget to take your flashlight with you to the mess tent or you will have to follow someone back to the main camp or feel your way back. Some nights, when there is no moon, its hard to see your hand in front of your face it's so dark.
it's getting cold.......
The first week of October has flown by and it's starting to get very chilly here at night. Some of the mountain passes have already received snow and hopefully that means the bad guys will soon start heading to Pakistan for the winter. Mostly, the past few days have been quiet. We were preparing for DV's (distinguished visitors); nothing exciting to report, just some quick venting on my part. It is incredible the amount of man-hours that go into preparing to receive and brief an ambassador or a general. Things pretty much ground to a halt around here but I guess it was a good respite for the vehicle crews. Another thing is that this is the second time that a site I have been to gets blown up the week after I am there. The first was the governor's compound attack and now the site of a new route being constructed near a school. A guy driving a vehicle full of explosives blew himself up as the contractor security guards came up to investigate. Unfortunately several of the Afghan guards were killed. It is a bit unnerving since I was there the week before. The insurgents are opposed to schools, roads and anything else that will bring education and higher standard of living to people. It's a shame.
Cutting a road through the most difficult terrain in the world
Road to Perdition?.....hardly
Our most substantial project, in partnership with USAID, is the multi-million dollar Khost to Gardez Road. When complete this road will connect the two provincial capitals with a two-lane highway crossing the enormous mountain range that currently separates them. This road will allow governance and development to reach many inaccessible settlements, areas which were “no-man’s” land before and where insurgents set up camps and transit points. The road will allow farmed goods to move to market and the Government will have more access to build schools and clinics. Emergency supplies will be able to move quickly during the winter months and in the spring flooding season. It is a daunting task- building a road almost one hundred kilometers in length and having to blast it through or around mountain ranges averaging 7000ft in height. This would be a difficult project even under ideal security conditions. As it is now, every survey team, every road crew, every asphalt paver and gravel grater must be accompanied by a security element. Many people, both regular Afghan commuters and road workers have died on this road from insurgent ambushes. The terrorist network of Jalalludin Haqqani has vowed to prevent the completion of this road. Yesterday we got to see first-hand that despite the immensity of this task, it is about half-way complete.
We left the valley of Gardez headed east and begin climbing right away. Soon we were off the pavement on a dirt/rock road perched 3000ft above a narrow valley. We shared this road with dozens of jingle trucks overflowing with firewood. On the right, the tops of a few trees, seemingly suspended in mid-air, clung to the side of the cliff, their inaccessibility probably the only reason they survive being chopped up for firewood like the enormous stacks on the back of these trucks. Every so often we also shared the road with large herds of camels and goats kept together by a scrawny looking dog and a few boys or an old fellow. It was slow going and the bumpiest ride I have ever been on. My butt left the seat completely several times and my lower back is feeling it today. I am glad the seat belt kept me from banging my head on the roof. Still, it would have been of little use had we tumbled off the side of the road. It worried me a bit that; the road giving way, a small explosion, a collision with a jingle truck would have sent our heavier-than-shit vehicles tumbling down the side of the mountain like dice.
After three hours of shaking and swaying we arrived at a school for the ribbon cutting of a new section off this main road. The Army base that covers this area is known as “Wilderness” and I can see why. It is sparely populated, with sheer granite mountains surrounding it. Still, I can already see how this road will improve commerce exponentially. Where we stopped, vehicles passed us constantly. A steady stream of taxis, passenger buses, trucks full of chickens, produce and more firewood. Passenger cars loaded to the max with family members including burkha clad figures shyly peeking out. I smiled and waved at the passing vehicles and most everyone smiled and waved back.
The ribbon-cutting went well. There was lots of security in the surrounding mountains and the district government had rolled out the red carpet…so to speak. There was a podium adorned with artificial flowers and small desks with chairs set with plates of cashews, raisins and small cookies. After the usual speeches the Deputy Governor cut a ribbon and everyone clapped. Soon the building season will end as the mountains, and the crucial passes that cut through them, are blanketed in heavy snow. Next year this road will be finished. Its maintenance, especially in winter, will provide jobs to the many communities through which it traverses. It is also a symbolic victory for the Afghan government; a promise kept despite constant threats and sporadic attacks by those opposed to progress. This time next year I hope to read about its completion back in the states and toast its inauguration with a Cuba Libre.
Wildlife.....sort of
There are a lot of other tenants on the base these days. I had no idea but the large "rat" that I had seen coming out at night around our living areas was a long-eared hedgehog. We didn't have time to give him a good nickname (like Sonic, or chubby) because regrettably he fell into a rat-trap and died. Another animal resident of our Qalat was "Skittles" the goat. Her name came from a rumor among the Infantry guys that one of our Airmen had bought her from an Afghan for a pack of Skittles. Her main purpose was to serve as a gift to our Afghan translators and FOB workers for Eid. The goat was also tasked with eating the weeds in the Qalat garden. A few days ago the goat disappeared as the Afghans turned her into the main course for one of their Iftar (fast-breaking) dinners. Many were sorry to see her go. Hardened Infantry sergeants could be seen some mornings scratching her chin and bringing her food from the chow hall. One officer remarked: "all that goat ever did was bring smiles and happiness to the FOB, why did she have to go?" Such is life. Some of our less welcomed guests are mice that live in between the Qalat's dirt floors and the plywood put down by our contractors. Many rooms have a cartoon of a mouse (some more artistic than others) drawn on the wall with tick marks for how many have been caught. As for me, having lived in New York City for some years, I mouse-proofed my room by filling in all the cracks and holes I could find. I also avoid hoarding any food and this makes my room mouse free as far as I can tell. Lastly, our allies against the rodent infestations; several cats and kittens make their home under the wooden buildings scattered around our base. These are not pets since they fend for themselves but they probably keep the rodent population down and, although shy, can be seen playing around on the walls at dusk. One in particular, Cheeto, liked to play with Skittles the goat. It was fun to watch as the cat crept up on the goat through the tall weeds and then pounced on her back. Those days are gone but Cheeto is still around to take care of the pests for us. Thanks buddy.