Alaa126125

A student at SQU, College of Arts and Social Sciences, Mass Communication Department #Fall20 #Mass2113Fall20

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ID: 126125

Date:  Sunday, December 6, 2020

Course code: MASS2113/20

TED Talks 5 title: Feeling Guilty for a Crime She Didn't Commit

Sue Klebold shared her story on TED Talk as the mother of a murderer and a suicide at the same time. On April 20, 1999. Dylan and his friend Eric killed 12 students and a teacher and wounded more than 20 in Columbine school. By shooting them with a weapon. After completing their crime, they committed suicide.

Some may think that it is a crime that is limited to killing people only, but that it has broader dimensions. The psychological damage of those who were in school or who took part in rescue or cleanup efforts cannot be measured. It will take years for them to get over that, or maybe they won't.

After the tragedy, Klebold faced extreme challenges in returning to her normal life and dealing with people as a mother of someone who killed and hurt. The first challenge is when she is between people, she doesn't know if someone there has experienced a loss because of what her son did. So she feels that she needs to apologize to everyone around her.

The second challenge she has is that she must ask for understanding and even compassion when she talks about her son's death as a suicide. At the same time, she is not trying to downplay the viciousness he showed at the end of his life. The third challenge she faced when she talks about the incident, that she is trying to amendment the misunderstanding around mental illness.

Klebold did not know the reason that prompted Dylan to do this, but it may be because of the ongoing depression that pushed him to suicide. Because when someone is in an extremely suicidal state, he is in stage four medical health emergency. His thinking is impaired, and he has lost access to tools of self-governance. Even though he can make a plan and act with logic, his sense of truth is distorted by a filter of pain through which he interprets his reality.

Sarah suffers from psychological problems since the accident until today. She said: "I know that I will live with this tragedy, with these multiple tragedies, for the rest of my life. I know that in the minds of many, what I lost can't compare to what the other families lost. I know my struggle doesn't make theirs any easier. I know there are even some who think I don't have the right to any pain but only to a life of permanent penance."

 URL:

https://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cDovL2ZlZWRzLmZlZWRidXJuZXIuY29tL1R1bmVJbk5ld3NBbmRQb2xpdGljcw&ep=14&episode=ZW4udmlkZW8udGFsay50ZWQuY29tOjI2ODE6ODU&pe=1&pep=0

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ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, November 29, 2020

Topic: Women Can Succeed in Sports Too

People think it is difficult for women to achieve accomplishments in sports. Janet Guthrie has proven otherwise. To know her story, listen to this audio.

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Every sport has historical and spatial origins, and then it spread to the rest of the world. To find out the origins of some sports, look at this illustration.

[alaa126125]

ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, November 29, 2020

Word: 350

The birth of sport

Sports are part of the culture in every country past and present. The history of the sport goes back at least 900 BC. In the past, people were playing sport because it was part of the ritual and warfare.

Many sports today are just part of our routine, so it is easy to forget that 120 years ago, many of the sports we take for granted did not yet exist. Sport and competitions started in the past when fishermen began to use their skills in competitive bouts intended to indicate whoever was the most prepared for the different elements of the hunt.

Although it is impossible to know what is the first sport that was ever played, it is usually considered that wrestling and boxing were the first sports ever played. Competitions using the simple mode of human transport, running, would also have been among the first sports played. Competitions involving hitting, kicking, throwing a ball, as well as sports-related to hunting, throwing, and horse riding, would also be expected to have been played in early times.

The most popular sport played around the world today is football. Football has its origins in China. There is evidence in China that military forces around the 2nd and 3rd century BC played a game, originally named "Tsu Chu" that involved kicking a leather ball stuffed with fur into a small hole.

Some historians claim that team sports as we know them today are primarily an invention of Western culture. The traditional team sports are seen as springing primarily from Britain and subsequently exported across the vast British Empire. Regardless of games origins, the Industrial Revolution and mass production brought increased leisure which allowed more time to engage in playing or observing spectator sports.

Behind the epochal transition from Renaissance to modern sports lay the scientific developments that sustained the Industrial Revolution. Technicians sought to perfect equipment. And athletes trained systematically to achieve their physical maximum. As early as the late 17th century, quantification became an important aspect of sports, and the cultural basis was created for the concept of the sports record.

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ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, November 22, 2020

Course code: MASS2113/20

TEDTalks 4 title: Fighting for Education

Sakena Yacoobi, a teacher provides training to Afghan women, supporting education for everyone in Afghanistan from 1995 until now. By teaching them in different institutes, because she believes that education can change people's lives.

Sakena was born into a middle-class family. She studied medicine in America. While she was in America, her country was invaded by Russia. Her family was in a refugee camp for years. So as soon as she completed her education, she brought her family to America because she wanted them to be safe.

She had a good life in America. She had a good job, she was a professor at a university, and she earned good money. Her family was with her. But she wasn't happy, because when she listened to the news to follow what was going on with her country, her heart was breaking up. It was hard for her to see what was happening in the refugee camp without doing anything.

So she decided to go back to her country to help people in education and health. She faced many difficulties because, at that time, education was banned for girls completely. And also, by Russia invading Afghanistan, people were not trusting anyone. But she overcame these difficulties, and she started teaching in the mullah compound because people trusted him, the word spread all over. In a matter of one year, they had 25 schools set up.

Sakena was harassed by the Taliban because she educates girls and this is forbidden according to them. But she convinced them that she does not contradict their rules. Also, she educated some Taliban men. They have become the best trainers. They learn English, they learn computers, and they are her guides. In the areas that are unknown to her in the mountain, and they protect her.

Today, the women of Afghanistan are working very hard. They are earning degrees. They are training to be lawyers. They are learning to be doctors. They are learning to be teachers, and they are running businesses. And all that happened because of education.

 URL:

https://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cDovL2ZlZWRzLmZlZWRidXJuZXIuY29tL1R1bmVJbkVkdWNhdGlvbg&ep=14&episode=ZW4udmlkZW8udGFsay50ZWQuY29tOjIzMzc6ODE

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ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, November 15, 2020

Topic: From failure to great success

Henry Ford, the owner of Ford Motor Company once said: "Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently."

To know the inspiring story of Ford's success, listen to the following audio.

[alaa126125]

The most successful auto companies in the world are among the oldest at the same time.

This illustration tells you about these companies.

[alaa126125]

ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, November 15, 2020

Word: 350

Automotive did not reach the development we see nowadays in a short period, but rather passed many centuries. To find out about the history of the automotive industry, read this text.

Automotive Two Centuries Ago

The automotive industry has a long history. It was first invented and perfected in Germany and France in the late 1800s by such men as Gottlieb Daimler, Karl Benz, and Emile Levassor. And it was used as a practical substitute for horses and other animals.

Sources differed about the inventor of the first electric car. Between 1832 and 1839, Robert Anderson of Scotland invented a crude electric carriage, powered by non-rechargeable primary cells. Also, an English inventor Thomas Parker built the first production electric car in London in 1884, using his own specially designed high-capacity rechargeable batteries. However, others regard the German inventor Andreas Flocken is the first inventor of the electric car.

Electric cars enjoyed popularity between the late 19th century and early 20th century, when electricity was among the preferred methods for automobile propulsion, providing a level of comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the time. But advances in internal combustion technology, especially the electric starter, soon gave rise to a greater range of gasoline cars. And that led to a decline in the use of electric propulsion, effectively removing it from important markets such as the United States by the 1930s.

However, in recent years, increased concerns over the environmental impact of gasoline cars, higher gasoline prices, improvements in battery technology, and the prospect of peak oil have brought about renewed interest in electric cars, which are perceived to be more environmentally friendly and cheaper to maintain and run, despite high costs.

At the beginning of the nineties, the automobile was seen more as a novelty than as a genuinely useful device. Breakdowns were frequent, fuel was difficult to obtain, roads suitable for traveling were scarce, and rapid innovation meant that a year-old car was nearly worthless. Arthur Jerome Eddy, an early automobile enthusiast, said about driving cars in the 1990s: "Any woman can drive an electric automobile, any man can drive a steam, but neither man nor woman can drive a gasoline it follows its own odorous will, and goes or goes not as it feels disposed".

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ID: 126125

Date: Tuesday, November 10, 2020

Course code: MASS2113/20

TEDTalks 3 title: A battle against oppressive societies

Fighting for freedom in oppressive societies is very difficult, especially for a woman. In May 2011, Manal Al-Sharif was arrested for driving a car in Saudi Arabia. Manal Al-Sharif is an advocate for women’s rights in Saudi.

Manal had been put in jail for driving a car in a country where women are not allowed to drive. Her brother was detained twice, and he was harassed because he gave her his car keys. Her father had to sit in a Friday sermon listening to the imam condemning women drivers and calling them prostitutes.

She faced an organized defamation campaign in the local media combined with false rumors shared everywhere. And all that wasn't a punishment for taking the wheel and driving a few miles. It was a punishment for daring to challenge society's rules.

The reason for not allowing Saudi women to drive is there was an official study it was done by a local professor, a university professor. He claims it's done based on a UNESCO study. And the study states, the percentage of rape, adultery, illegitimate children, even drug abuse and prostitution in countries where women drive is higher than in countries where women don't drive.

In 2012 she was asked to give a speech at the Oslo Freedom Forum. She was surrounded by the support of people, and she was an inspiration. At the same time, people in her country hated that speech so much. The way they called it: a betrayal to the Saudi country and the Saudi people. Manal al-Sharif said about that:" for me, I'm proud to be a Saudi woman, and I do love my country, and because I love my country, I'm doing this. Because I believe society will not be free if the women of that society are not free".

Saudi Arabia today is taking small steps toward enhancing women's rights. In 2012, 30 women were assigned to the Shura Council, that's appointed by royal decree of King Abdullah. And after rejecting the petition for women driving four times by the Shura Council, they accepted it in February 2013.

 URL:

https://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9pb25vLmZtL3Jzcy9jaGFuLzc5NQ&ep=14&episode=aHR0cDovL2lvbm8uZm0vZS80ODY3NA  

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Did you ever ask yourself how a cigarette is engineered? And why it engineered like that? This illustration will answer these questions.

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ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, November 1, 2020

Topic: The Struggle to Quit Smoking

Quitting smoking is one of the tough challenges for smokers. William Storie succeeded in the quit smoking challenge. To know William's story listen to this audio.

[alaa126125]

ID: 126125 Date: Sunday, November 1, 2020 Word: 350

Smoking or slow death and sometimes called indirect suicide. To know why smoking has been called this way and what its risks are, read the text below.

                                           Indirect Suicide

Smoking is one of the bad habits spread among people for social and psychological reasons. The history of smoking dates back to as early as 5000 BC in the Americas. At that time, cannabis and numerous other plants were burned as incense and inhaled indirectly.

Cigarette smoking is the most common around the world. This small paper-wrapped cylindrical object is made from dried tobacco leaves. Other substances added for flavor and to make smoking more pleasant. The smoke from these products is a complex mixture of chemicals like Acetone found in nail polish remover, Arsenic used in rat poison, Nicotine used as an insecticide, Butane used in lighter fluid, and other dangerous chemicals.

Smoking causes many health problems and dangerous diseases like cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Smoking also increases the risk of tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and problems of the immune system. The effect of cigarettes is not only on the health of the smoker. It also affects the health of others and the health of society. Secondhand smoke affects everyone around the smoker. In reality, secondhand smoke can be just as dangerous as mainstream smoke. Secondhand smoke is a mixture of two types of smoke that come from a cigarette. First, the mainstream smoke is inhaled directly by the smoker from the cigarette. Second, side-stream smoke is the smoke that escapes from the lit end of the cigarette. This smoke contains a higher concentration of cancer-causing agents than mainstream.

After looking at the risks of smoking, we may wonder why people might smoke? There are many reasons why a person starts to smoke. For some teens, it is a way to rebel against their parents. Other teens may feel pressure from their friends and begin smoking as a way to appear cool. And others started smoking because their parents are Smokers. And many people smoke because they think that smoking makes them feel relaxed. As Russell Hoban said: "When I don’t smoke I scarcely feel as if I’m living. I do not feel as if I’m living unless I’m killing myself".

[alaa126125]

Date: Tuesday, October 27, 2020

Course Code: MASS2113/20

ID: 126125

TEDTalks 2 title: The Colonialism of Outer Space

Imagine that we could see people living on the moon within the next decade. That will happen by plans for an inhabited South Pole Station to use the moon as a canvas to solve our challenges on Earth.

Many countries have made plans about how to colonialism of outer space. China has announced plans for an inhabited South Pole Station by the 2030s. And The United States has an official roadmap seeking an increasing number of people living and working in space.

NASA is also planning for the Artemis program, an international program to send the first woman and the next man to the moon this decade. There are over 100 launch companies around the world. And roughly a dozen private lunar transportation companies readying robotic missions to the lunar surface. It will use reusable rockets for the first time in human history.

Scientists think there could be up to a billion metric tons of water ice on the moon. And enough water to support perhaps hundreds of thousands of people living and working on the moon. And they're starting to see that the key resources may be concentrated in small areas near the poles.

Just as they are excited about the idea of ​​living on the moon, so are they afraid. Jessie Kate Schindler, a Space Policy researcher, she said: "don't we have enough big challenges here on Earth, Internet governance, pandemics, terrorism, and perhaps most importantly, climate crisis and biodiversity loss? In some senses, the idea of the moon is just a destination that embodies these problematic qualities. It conjures a frontier attitude of conquest, big rockets, and expensive projects."

In 1967 was signed The Outer Space Treaty, which is the defining treaty governing activities in outer space. And it has two key ingredients. The first is a requirement for free access to all areas that have a celestial body. And the second is that the moon and other celestial bodies are not subject to national appropriation. And that is difficult because the entire earthly international system is built on the idea of state sovereignty, on the appropriation of land and resources within borders, and the autonomy to control free access within those borders. Therefore, plans to live on the moon face many challenges that maybe will solve in the coming years.

URL: https://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5mZWVkYnVybmVyLmNvbS9URURUYWxrc19hdWRpbw&ep=14&episode=ZW4uYXVkaW8udGFsay50ZWQuY29tOjY3MDQ2

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ID: 126125

Date: Sunday, October 18, 2020

Topic: Escape For Freedom

"Oh, the horrors of slavery How the thought of it pains my heart! I have been a slave. I have felt what a slave feels, and I know what a slave knows" Mary Prince said

Mary Prince, the woman who fought for her freedom. Listen to this audio if you want to know her story.

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Slavery was widespread throughout the whole world. Here are some illustrations and statistics of slavery around the world.

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Stealing people's freedoms is a crime, and treating people as commodities is a crime too.

If you are interested in knowing what I'm talking about, read this story.

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ID: 126125

Date: Tuesday, October 13, 2020

Page: 1

From Normal Girl to Changemaker

 Malala yousufza won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, for her struggle for education right for children. She started her struggle in her country Pakistan then her struggle expanded to the whole world.

Winning the Nobel Peace Prize comes after hard work. From the age of fifteen, Malala began to do volunteer work. She traveled around the world, because she wanted to meet the girls and allow them to raise their voices so that provides them a platform where they can speak out.

She went to the refugee camps in different countries, and she spoke out for the girls who were abducted by Boko Haram. She went to Nigeria, Iraq, and many other countries to help girls on having an education right.

Malala focused on education rights for girls and children, so she suggested many ways that an individual can help to have good commitments towards education. One of them is to support local activists and local educators. She established Malala Fund, and they supported more than 60 activists around the world.

Recently, Malala has been criticized, some people said while we are suffering from COVD19, we should focus our energy on building back the economy and creating a vaccine. Malala replied to them saying," I think we should not forget about investing in girls investing in women and their empowerment, they are sort of the key players in running countries in running our economies".

Newly, Malala graduated from Oxford University finished her undergraduate in philosophy, politics, and economics. And now, she is looking for jobs at home. It was difficult for her to leave her country and complete her secondary and university studies in the United Kingdom, but she said that she is happy with her life now.

  URL:

https://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9pb25vLmZtL3Jzcy9jaGFuLzM1NDk&ep=14&episode=aHR0cDovL2lvbm8uZm0vZS84OTQwOTU