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The State of the Filipino Women: Facilitating and Hindering Factors

Women in the Philippines have generally controlled their family life partners. In conventional social orders, they have been liable for planting, family tasks, and kid care despite men taking part in these obligations. Ladies are generally supposed to be engaged with supporting assignments like instruction and administration, while men should be pioneers in legislative issues. Filipino ladies usually are called Filipina. The job of a lady, in numerous ways, is characterized by Catholicism. For the most part, Ladies do not smoke, drink, or eat alone. These are things related to whores. On the one hand, in the Philippines, young ladies are two times as prone to experience the ill effects of ailing health as young men. Then again, ladies are frequently welcome to supper and evening excursions dissimilar to other Asian nations when a night out are regular men just issues. The Philippines has a matriarchal society. Ladies possess a high spot in the public arena and governmental issues. They appreciate equivalent social and political freedoms to men. The present-day Filipina is currently more emphatic (contrasted with their progenitors during the Spanish period). There is a developing ladies' correct development. Gabriella is an association that holds an ever-evolving stage that battles against sexual hostility, separation, and abuse. The customary frontier Filipina should arrive at the marriage in a pristine state. She was supposed to deal with the homegrown undertakings, go to chapel, bear and teach youngsters, and back her man in his political, proficient, and financial undertakings. The severe demeanor of pioneer Spain toward the Filipinas was first tested by Mechlora Aquino (Tandang Sora), a peaceful scholarly lady. During the 1800s, she was considered the equivalent of the French "political" courageous woman, Joan of Arc, for driving both a political and social rebel against the concealment of ladies' freedoms. Be that as it may, the provincial government immediately doused the nearby revolt, and the treatment of Filipinas as peasants stayed in force until Spain surrendered the Philippines to the US.Challenges are still prevalent in the Philippines. Destitution and weakness of country and native ladies stay a significant problem. Every day, 11 ladies pass on because of difficulties from pregnancy and labor; numerous ladies need admittance to helpful business. The Philippines is the leading country that doesn't consider a separation. Other than the passing of one's accomplice, getting an invalidation is the primary choice for dissolving a marriage. As indicated by the Philippine Commission on Women, this should be possible to the "absence of parental assent; madness/mental insufficiency; extortion, power, terrorizing or excessive impact; ineptitude; and physically contagious sicknesses." The weight of a bombed marriage frequently falls on the lady because of social generalizations. Taking on separate in the Philippines' Family Code is fundamental for inspiring the predicament of ladies caught in a marriage ridden with savagery, misuse, mistreatment, and hardship and to accomplish ladies' strengthening in the Philippines. The Philippines also thinks about infidelity and concubinage as criminal offenses against virtuousness and are drafted and executed in a biased way to ladies. Many arrangements of the Family Code give men more dynamic powers than ladies. One more outright infringement of fundamental freedoms, Article 247 of the Revised Penal Code, excludes a spouse or a parent who hurts or demise upon his better half or minor girl in the event that she has been discovered depicting an "unsuitable sexual way of behaving." Underlying sexism stays the most significant obstruction to ladies' strengthening in the Philippines. Even though numerous regulations score well on worldwide measures, the execution of these strategies is slow. It has not converted into orientation equality in the generally man-centric culture.

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The Global Campaign for Women's Empowerment.

Gender equality appears to be a distant dream nowadays. While progress has been made, the numbers from bunches like UN Women recount a putting story down. North of 2 billion ladies does not have similar work choices as men. It will require about a century to close the worldwide compensation hole at the current rate. It is significant and ought to advance the law. Ladies are not all around shielded from homegrown sexual and financial savagery—both of these kinds of viciousness influence a lady's security and opportunity. Expanding legitimate ladies' privileges keeps them protected and ready to construct useful blissful lives. Furthermore, the mission for strengthening ladies is additionally vital and should be proclaimed. It is an interaction by which ladies deal with their own lives and procure the capacity to settle on crucial decisions. It incorporates tolerating the viewpoints of ladies, looking for them, or raising the situation with ladies through training, proficiency, mindfulness, and so forth, a fundamental view to accomplishing orientation uniformity, where all kinds of people have equivalent power and open doors for instruction, medical services, financial cooperation, and self-awareness. Also, there ought to be approaches towards accomplishing strengthening, where we can start by raising awareness. The critical advance for making ladies strengthen is raising the cognizance about training. It incorporates information about their battle and how it connected with political and financial issues. Attention to their concerns will start self-assembly, which makes strengthens. So, it includes mindfulness about their privileges and how to involve them in the public eye, furthermore constructing connections. It assumes a significant part as its attention on building connections as a model for making ladies strengthen. Regarding framing and keeping up with connections, there should be an equilibrium between both cooperation and struggle between the two gatherings. Inequality emerges typically when local area individuals endeavor to construct associations with outer power figures like government agents. Thus, Govt delegates need to save a few posts for ladies with the goal can build solid relationships and personalities before society.

It's not ideal for examining the explanation equality is significant and does not characterize what it is. The definition will cause us to appreciate and comprehend the term better. When we talk about balance, we allude to society or district where everybody is viewed as equivalent. In this situation, nobody is peered downward on or isolated. For example, people in country XYZ are permitted to possess a vehicle and drive one. It also implies that anybody can apply to a task opportunity and go through the screening system as a different candidate, despite the individual having an inability or of a female orientation. So set forth plainly, fairness implies permitting each person to understand and use their true abilities. It means empowering individuals to utilize their skills and make every second count. Individuals shouldn't have lesser life chances attributable to their family foundation, race, strict convictions, and inability or orientation. Each individual should be treated with equivalent regard and permitted to do anything they desire. They ought to have the through and freedom to talk and connect with anybody. In any case, uniformity doesn't mean violating the law. When there are rules and guidelines in the general public, the subjects need to comply. There are essential common freedoms that the world comprehends and follows. They should be incorporated to have the ability to speak freely, the right to cast a ballot and be decided in favor of, the opportunity for articulation, an opportunity of affiliation, and the rundown continues endlessly. Equality is essential in any general public or the world at large. At the point when there's disparity, it would be hard for a country to advance. It guarantees that there's no oppression of anybody. Everybody is viewed as equivalent and treated the same way. Furthermore, subsequently, individuals in the general public will have the opportunity to connect with others, share their insights and engage in exercises that can emphatically affect society. Balance breeds certainty, usefulness and makes individuals more friendly. It likewise prompts economic advancement.

#GenderEquality #WomenEmpowerment

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The Way Women Are

Gender subordination is a typical issue in our general public these days. People will more often than not view ladies as the "more vulnerable sex." They are considered equipped for doing just family tasks and bringing up kids, while men are the prevailing sex since they accommodate the family. Jobs on orientation division of work appear to be permanent because these practices and thoughts are developed socially. Ladies' jobs are never-ending less esteemed than those jobs assigned to men. For the most part, ladies are expected to satisfy their jobs of doing family errands, bringing up the youngsters, really focusing on the relatives and family the board undertakings. Then again, men are connected with jobs that are useful, for example, being the supplier of the necessities of the family. In our general public these days, ladies are restricted to a tight scope of occupation compared to men.In combating gender subordination, there ought to be the thought of the accompanying while; rehearsing orientation responsiveness is an indication of mindfulness; Using the web as a device for engaging ladies and advancing orientation equity, Considering the way that it is the most available media these days, the web can be an emotional medium in ladies strengthening. It can contact a more extensive crowd and may rouse ladies to be engaged. Furthermore, finally, leading workshops about ladies' freedoms Conducting courses about ladies' privileges urges ladies to be heard and illuminate the regulations that safeguard them. Seminars can likewise enable ladies to be better people.Strengthening doesn't just imply that ladies are given various decisions throughout everyday life; yet additionally includes having the option to shape what those options can make. There ought to be no separation concerning work unique open doors to all kinds of people; however, there is no immediate regulation that resolves this issue. Orientation subjection can be tried not to by using the most remarkable media these days, the web. It should be utilized as a device for engaging ladies instead of an instrument for advancing orientation subjection. Individuals can raise their mindfulness along these lines, and accomplishing orientation equity will be conceivable. Remarkably, some ladies can likewise accommodate their families these days. Nonetheless, individuals see it not as a piece of the standards in the general public. Eventually, gender subordination is based on lewd behavior,and gender imbalance. Ladies are seen to be feeble. Orientation subjection is now implanted in our way of life, and changing our way of life is implausible. Yet, essentially through specific pathways, we can enable ladies. We are anticipating the time that ladies are viewed as equivalent to men. When that opportunity arrives, ladies can gladly say, "I am a lady. I may not do what a man can; however, I am neither frail nor mediocre."

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RAPE LAW

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LESSONS IN UNIONISM

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THE IMPACT OF COVID TO LABOR

The labor force has been put on brakes because of the rise of cases. Only essential businesses were permitted to operate. Where the government allowed limited staffing feasible for social distancing, it proved to be difficult for workers are unable to attend their work because of the heightened restrictions imposed by the government. Months later, the restrictions were lightened, thus allowing other private businesses and other sectors to operate again, which would enable workers to return. However, that is not the case; a collective concern from the public is the government has been shifting from different modes of quarantine and has lacked to notify the public of the plans proceeding to contaminate the virus and prioritize herd immunity (vaccination). It could have been a viable option if the public was prioritized for vaccination to counter the virus. Because of the directory provided by the government, these last-minute announcements, and the sudden implementation of quarantines, resulted in people losing jobs and businesses. The owners of private enterprises expressed their dismay where the unannounced shifts of different modes of quarantine put them at a disadvantage where they lose profit. And by losing profit, they may have to remove some of their staff to sustain their business. They are demanding that there be a structure or an organized procedure that would execute a proper way of parang mag announce and allow companies to operate. The IATF should manage the situation and provide the administration with the best option possible. And to impose structured regulations that would benefit workers and private business owners. Such experience should have served as a warning for the Philippines and other states to produce emergency preparedness policies with a substantial foundation to respond to any emergency. Within the policy are contingencies, allocation of funds for essential sectors, financial assistance for the public, etc., because the future is uncertain. It is paramount that such policies be installed in the constitution, for we should be prepared for whatever may come for anything that could occur. It has been over a year when COVID infected the world. The virus has put everything on hold in different sectors and is feared by every country. In this year, it could have been an opportunity and interpreted as a learning experience. However, the virus seems to persist and continues to be an unresolved problem of the country. From that previous year, it should have taught officials in the administration to be adaptable and pragmatic to the situation. Other countries have adapted and have concluded with decisions that would internally resolve the burdens brought by the virus. However, that is not the case in the Philippines, we are still struggling to battle against such a threat.

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Contractualizing Marriage 

Recently, a Philippine party-list group proposed enacting legislation that would require marriage contracts to include an expiration date. The group's one-of-a-kind plan is in response to the country's lengthy and costly annulment processes. Divorce is illegal in the Catholic-majority Philippines. This proposed amendment would make future marriage contracts valid for just 20 years, with the opportunity to renew for a further 10 or 15 years and periodic 10/15-year extensions after that. They claimed it as the "Renewable Marriage Bill" and referred to it as such. Its goal is to save incompatible spouses from going through lengthy legal processes before their marriages are dissolved. They also stated that a marriage contract should be compared to a passport or driver's license. If we do not renew it, it will expire. The agreement is flexible for the couple and their children because it has an expiration date with the option of simple renewal. If they want to stay married, all they have to do is renew their marriage contract (vows), strengthen their relationship, and rejoice. However, suppose both of them and most of their children want out despite expert counseling and court-supervised best attempts to salvage the marriage. In that case, they do not need to go through laborious divorce processes and can wait for their marriage to end. The recommended first marital period of 20 years should be sufficient to establish a strong connection. If not, the youngsters will be old enough to grasp what is going on by then. (The committee can fine-tune and alter the 20-year term.) Whatever path the couple and their children choose, the procedure will be more straightforward and less expensive. Legal paperwork or templates can be produced and signed by the couple with little or no help from attorneys. In the measure adopted by the committee, the existing grounds for legal separation, divorce (subject to different grounds), annulment of marriage, and nullification of marriage based on psychological incapacity are included in the law as grounds for absolute divorce. There were additional modifications to the law regarding court-assisted petitioners, community-based pre-nuptial and post-matrimonial programs, community-based women's desks to support victims of violence and abuse, and appropriation wording.  The bill intends to create another path for couples who are having trouble with their marriages and addressing it with an option that would not require putting a hole in their pockets. A process that would also benefit and resolve conflicts for couples belonging to the marginalized sector, which deems the bill more reasonable. However, it would face criticisms from the church, and the Philippines is heavily influenced by this sector, claiming that civil union requires contracts, to begin with.  The perspective that is to be considered here is the legal side, where it is only reasonable to produce a law that would cut costs and offer a viable option that families could consider.

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To will or not to will?

It is apparent to me why we should produce wills with all the supplementary readings I have reviewed. An inconvenience of not writing a Will results in leaving it under the law and determines who manages and who acquires your property. Your decision or family is not going to be. This means that your property may not travel to the destination you intended. For instance, your spouse may receive a more significant portion. The rest is shared by your spouse and any additional children or offspring. An accurate description of your desires might assist in avoiding family disagreements, as laid forth in a will. Furthermore, you select how your property will be allocated if you have protected assets. A will is a legally enforceable document that enables you to choose how your estate will be treated after your passing. If you die unwillingly, there is no assurance that your aspirations will be fulfilled. A will helps reduce the number of families struggling over your wealth and also helps to specify who, what and when of your assets.

You can specify who receives what in a will but adding certain conditions may not work since nobody can lawfully implement the requirements. You might better build trust that can provide you with greater control from above the grave if your information about how someone should utilize its legacy, whether they are a spendthrift or someone with special requirements. If you abandon specific objects from your will, your future heirs will benefit since they acquire their inheritance quickly. Your will must be demonstrated before your objects are dispersed before it is confirmed in a court of law after you die. This procedure, called probate, involves time and effort, such as filing paperwork in court, and maybe prolonged if there are problems. Including anything that doesn't have to be present in your will could extend the test, and someone could dispute the desire. Trust property and death payment accounts are two examples of assets that can be shared with your beneficiaries without the use of a will.

In the future, I believe that composing wills are essential. My take on this is that writing such a document emphasizes the wishes and carries out the last endearing message for your dear ones. As a family-oriented person, one of the acts of unconditional love is when you carry out your best wishes (such as leaving a reminder that they must care for one another) for your family even after you are gone. The document you left would be the permanent imparting words for the living while you rest on the other side, eternally.

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The need for NLUA

I am in favor with NLUA. The Philippine NLUA intends to establish a National Physical Framework Plan (NPFP) that sets out the country's urban, rural and regional development national strategies and objectives. The logical and comprehensive framework plan must describe the general rules and policy guidelines for the four categories of land use: protection, production, settlements, and development of infrastructure. These categories will guarantee that the lands and resources of the nation are preserved and used for all segments of society in the current and future generations in a valuable and sustainable way. Regional and provincial plans for the physical framework and comprehensive urban/municipal land use plans will be created for roughly 30 years. Thus, a mixed top-down strategy is used throughout the planning process. A national council on land use (NLUPC) will be the highest policymaking body, consisting of members of the government, corporate and market institutions, and civil society organizations. A regional land use council will be set up, while province and city-municipal land use boards will be constituted. All stakeholders must thus participate at every level. The framework Plan and guiding principles for land allocation and use and actual planning, implementation, and follow-up will be defined and represented by all sectors. The interests of all industries are then considered (e.g., agrarian reform, agricultural and fishery concerns, mining on IP lands, business and industry, and housing). However, the NLUA submitted to Congress was generally connected with anti-service since land category delimitations might limit corporate profit possibilities. This may notably apply to people who consider land to be a commodity or earn money off land instead of those who make money on land. Although the Philippines is predominantly an agricultural country, there are no limits to the supply of land for business, industry, or non-agricultural activities. For example, air space may still be utilized vertically if the ground surface is running out. Technical and legal limitations exist, though. Technically, land usage can have the highest possible load-bearing capability. Legally, there are height limitations, for example, when airport runways approach. Local zoning regulations also set building height constraints, mainly for possible traffic generation, limitations in parking space, and anesthetic considerations. The country's vast agricultural lands can best be used by employing them for the fruit of agriculturally excellent soils. Suppose the primary agricultural area is suitable for non-agricultural use. In that case, natural resources for plant development might be lost because this would neglect the soil's potentials for producing high-quality products.

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Legalizing Divorce in the Philippines

As a Catholic country and Asia's sole Christian country, the Philippines is one of only two countries without divorce legislation in the world. As a result, it pledges to defend marriage's sacredness. However, if we look at the reality of what makes up Philippine society, we can see the positive aspects such as colorful culture and friendly people. Still, we can also see the unfavorable factors such as poverty, children born out of wedlock, couples who have been illegally separated for years, infidelity, and all the world's dangers. Whatever we do, we cannot argue about the legality of a divorce based on religious traditions. Still, if we look at it from a political standpoint, we might be able to justify it.

For starters, it will help those who are locked in abusive marriages. This takes into account not only the victim's gender but also the wellbeing of any children involved. Some people are subjected to physical and emotional abuse to the point of death. Finding a way to get away from a husband is difficult for many Filipino women, which may be hazardous. Domestic violence and abuse is a common occurrence. Some women have no choice but to leave an abusive marriage since there is no other option that is both accessible and inexpensive. The absolute divorce law aims to safeguard and give a path out for all women who are locked in loveless, abusive, or dysfunctional relationships. Furthermore, several of the marriages were forged. Drugs for date rape, forced pregnancies, and unions Should this be deemed acceptable since it would offer a good living for the abused and their children?

Furthermore, some parents have been separated from their partners for years without ever supporting their children. What if these absent partners are currently living with another person and raising a child together? What good is it to be married merely on paper? Finally, what if we recognized that the sanctity of marriage is based not just on one's thinking but also on the welfare of the individuals involved and the bond that exists between them? As a result, we are required to safeguard the ceremony's "substance" rather than its legality or nomenclature. The aforementioned factors should be the grounds to consider divorce in the Philippines. The constitution must adopt and apply that system that could possibly salvage a damaged home or family.

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What motivates criminals?

Every action has its reasons, such as perpetrated crimes; each activity has a motive behind it. The article discusses that what drives people to enact criminality is due to the fact that they are backed up with a cause such as psychological, peer pressure, substance abuse, out of necessity, and others find committing a crime exhilarating. When one is to perpetrate a crime, the actions by that person have reasons behind it.  In diversity, people come from various backgrounds, and for criminals, their actions may have been replicated or the product from their past experiences. Most of them may have horrendous experiences, tracing back to their childhood where they have been abused and neglected by their families. They constantly carry the burden of their precedents.  Their outlook towards right or wrong may have been misguided because of what they had to endure. From how they were being treated within their homes (abused or rejected) would be replicated. In peer pressure, individuals are reinforced to fit specific standards by a particular group. Thus, forcing themselves to be part of that circle and earn their confidence. In this case, these individuals feel that they belong to a group, having the sense of being accepted. Caught in a bad crowd, they are pushed by their peers to commit crimes, where they are being pressured because if they do not engage, it means they are not down to be part of the group and threatening them to be removed.  There are various types of drugs, and utilizing them may lead to different kinds of effects. When under the influence of drugs, some individuals may impair their decision-making and rational thinking where it could lead them to perpetrate a crime. Unconscious of their actions brought by the effects of drugs, they are unaware of the consequences of their actions. There are some offenders, however, who only enacted delinquency out of necessity. Not being able to provide for themselves or their families, they resort to illegal activities that would benefit them in acquiring resources. Thus, enabling them to offer sustenance for themselves or their families. In this type of circumstances, it is dismaying to know that these people are suffering from their only intention is to provide. Their perception is that their means may not be decently acceptable, but it justifies the ends.  Others seek the thrill of being aberrant where they involve themselves in various forms of criminal activity. It is bizarre that such behaviors exist where crooks/criminals are entertained by being deviant from the law. They are aware of the consequences; however, they choose to ignore it to satisfy their desires.  One mistake can create a devastating effect on one’s life, and education is paramount to guide the younger minds towards and exposing to a positive outlook in life. On the other hand, those who have committed delinquency also deserve to have a chance to renew their lives and seize the new opportunity life offers.

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"Should death penalty be re-imposed in the Philippines?"

The Philippines' international legal obligations would be violated if the death penalty were reinstated. The reasons for the death penalty's reinstatement are ill-founded and purely political. Death penalty supporters argue that it is an essential tool for maintaining law and order, deters crime, and is less expensive than life imprisonment. They argue that retribution, or "getting even," honors the victim, provides comfort to grieving families, and ensures that perpetrators of heinous crimes are never given another chance to cause tragedy. On the other hand, opponents of capital punishment argue that it has no deterrent effect on crime. It gives governments the incorrect authority to take human life, and that it perpetuates social injustices by disproportionately targeting people of color (racist) and those who cannot afford good lawyers (classist). They argue that life in prison is a more severe and cost-effective punishment than death. The following are also some of the death penalty's drawbacks: The death penalty has no reversible consequences; the final decisions may result in people paying for crimes they did not commit; there is no reliable proof that the death penalty deters crime more efficiently than a prison sentence; there is no "humane" way to kill; and, ultimately, it makes an individual's death a public spectacle. Suppose the Philippines succeeds in resurrecting the death penalty. In that case, it will not only regress in terms of human rights principles and commitments, but it will also fall behind its neighbors in terms of progress toward the ultimate abolition of the death penalty. The justice committee is likely to approve death penalty bills due to the Duterte government's vast majority in Congress and ongoing attempts to promote its anti-drug drive. More than thousands of people have been killed by the Philippine National Police and thousands more by unidentified gunmen as a result of Duterte's "war on drugs."  There is absolutely no transparency for these police shootings, even those involving children. More blood will be shed in the name of Duterte's "drug war" if the death penalty is enforced. It would push the Philippines further into a rights-violating quagmire. The death penalty is never a viable option for reducing crime because it is inhumane and unethical.

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How to improve the justice system of the Philippines?

An effective justice system means that laws must be enforced, and the administration of justice must be fair and quick. Unfortunately, those who administer the justice system in this lawyer-ridden society sometimes think that a religious adherence to legal procedures constitutes justice. That is an inexcusably narrow view. Only the consistent production of just and timely outcomes characterizes a working justice system. Our society's failure to administer justice equally and quickly to everyone, wealthy and poor, strong and weak, is the primary reason that a social value structure that insists that "crime does not pay" and encourages rule-following is regularly mocked. Furthermore, suppose some privileged people profit from breaking the rules while the unprivileged suffer the consequences. In that case, there is no justification for the unprivileged to remain committed to society's long-term survival. Uneven law enforcement is detrimental to a society's growth and advancement. It is paramount that the criminal justice system should be developed that is designed to deliver "justice for all." This means protecting the innocent, convicting criminals, and providing a fair justice process to help keep order across the country. In other words, it keeps our citizens safe. Without the criminal justice system and all those who work within it, there might be havoc, violence, theft, and danger all around. But because of criminal justice professionals – those in law enforcement, corrections, and courts – we can trust that we can travel home, work, and out in public, safely and securely. As the article mentioned, a glimmer of hope is on the horizon. An upcoming development where there is a budget provided to enhance the justice system of the Philippines. It was enacted to improve the criminal justice system's pillars to cater to those in need. Bills are also being proposed, and new facilities are to be placed. These upcoming bills are for the purpose of ensuring the rights of those who are liberty are deprived. Also, due to our prisons' maximum capacity, new facilities are to be built that would provide new spaces for people who are imprisoned. These are just a few steps on reforming the Philippines' criminal justice system where it would soon lead to greater heights. Small developments should be counted as improvements. Our society's inherent disparity manifests itself in the form of delayed justice, miscarriages of justice, and no justice at all. The justice system in the Philippines cries for change. The issues are widespread, deep-seated, and structural. The judiciary, currently the government's most budget-strapped department, desperately needs more resources to help more courts, judges, lawyers, better training, and better systems.

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The State of Human Rights in the Philippines: Yay or Nay?

Nay. It is internationally recognized that every individual who has the right to human life is to be vested to all. The provisions provided for international law are not country-specific because it influences every nation and covers every entity. It has been mentioned that the head of the current administration is facing charges against violation humanitarian rights because of his campaign, which is commonly referred to as "war against drugs" The administration of Duterte started the campaign of the war against drugs. A movement that primarily targets consumers of illegal substances, forcing them to surrender and immediately cease the country's flow of drugs. In his run for the presidency, Duterte used this angle. Unlike the previous administrations, they attempted to lessen the effects of poverty, and poverty is still a looming conundrum in the Philippines. Duterte pointed out that drugs are the Philippines' prevalent problem, thus introducing a new perspective to the masses. However, this campaign has shed innocent blood, and this administration is to be held accountable. Many cases/stories are unheard of and legal matters that were not carried out with due process. He has been called out by politicians, who were labeling his movement as inhumane. And all of them have seemingly endured because of being adversary towards the administration. In various aspects, Duterte's administration has violated children's rights, freedom of expression, discrimination, and is held accountable for the thousands murdered under his regime. Thus, it has called the attention of other nation-states where they are condemning his decisions and actions and must face charges for his infringements towards human rights. Not being able to adhere to the provisions provided by international law, Duterte replies to these allegations as when argued in the international court, he believes that his experience as a lawyer is enough to face off against those charges. Big talk from a man who has not won a single case in his career. This must be one of the worse terms where we have elected a strong man that does not acknowledge human rights. As aforementioned, the ignored rights should also be a priority of the administration to be resolved. The right to life of thousands dead due to the use of illegal substances could have been rehabilitated and may be reunited with their families. The right to freedom of expression where the government is open to constructive criticism, taking it as a suggestion to develop and help serve the people better. The right to be protected from discrimination, where our outdated traditional catholic teachings are to adapt to the new age and accumulate laws designed to acknowledge the rights of various sexes. These are some of the crucial issues that should have been tackled; that is why, for the upcoming elections, we must exercise our rights to vote and choose competent leaders for the betterment of the country.

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Expound the concept of decentralization and governance.

Systems and processes designed to ensure accountability, openness, responsiveness, the rule of law, stability, fairness and inclusiveness, empowerment and broad-based participation have been described as governance. The norms, principles, and rules of the game in which public relations are conducted in a manner that is open, participatory, equitable and receptive are also defined by governance. Governance can be implicit and cannot be readily detected. Governance, in a broad sense, is about the community and institutional climate in which individuals and stakeholders communicate with each other and engage in social affairs. A framework in which aspects of society exert authority and power and control and enforce civil society, economic and social development policies, and decisions.

On the other hand, decentralization is the transition to subsidiary or semi government agencies and/or the private sector of responsibility and power for public functions from the national government. It is a dynamic term with multiple facets and is characterized by various aspects, such as policy implications and criteria for success. It incorporates a series of concepts that must be managed effectively before deciding whether initiatives or programs can promote the reorganization of financial, administrative, or service provision structures in any specific country. Decentralization also seeks to give more influence in public decision-making to people or their elected representatives. Its aim is to incorporate more participative systems of organization by giving more power to individuals, or to their representatives, in formulating and implementing health strategies and legislation. It was stated in the video that decentralization serves many flexibility and efficiency purposes, so that LGUs can respond quickly to specific and evolving innovation needs. LGUs are better aware of the local situation and will find suitable ways to respond to local problems for greater involvement and ownership, as LGUs are the local government's key stakeholders on the ground.

Why the need for local autonomy?

Local autonomy is the capacity of local governments to have an autonomous influence on their citizens' well-being. It also defined the right and effective capacity of local government authorities, on behalf of and in the interest of the local communities they serve, to address and manage public affairs. Yes, it is necessary that local autonomy is to be granted to local governments to enable them to act swiftly on the matters that is to be immediately handled. The central government cannot handle and cater the demands of its members. Thus, the local government are the extensions of the central administration where they ensure to accommodate the matters that local areas are facing. Local autonomy enables these small units to function independently, enforce laws and maintains peace and order within their respective vicinities. 

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"Whether or not Federalism is What the Philippines Need?"

The article provided an insightful description of how Federalism operates. It enlightens its readers of the framework of Federalism and its components, and what it can do for our country. Federalism, a form of a social movement that, in an overall political structure, unites different states and other policies in a way that allows each one to protect their own integrity. Federal structures achieve this by requiring necessary procedures to be made and enforced in some way by agreement so that all participants can share decisions in creating and implementing them. The political values that animate federal structures emphasize the importance of multiple power centers to negotiate and negotiate coordination; they emphasize the virtues of dispersed power centers to preserve individual and local freedoms.For people of multi-national states who wish to be united, the federal system that is a form of government approximates Philippine complexities better than the unitary system set up by our colonialists. It provides a multi-national government mode in which maximum political solidarity can be combined with deep-seated diversity recognition. And it presents a solution to the dilemma of how men can satisfy their needs for both local and larger loyalties through the virtue of the compromised system.

In my opinion, Federalism has a lot to offer. It has many advantages that would enable the Philippines to progress and develop further, especially on the development of regions of the country. The concept of Federalism would unlock a better possibility of providing the opportunity for the Philippines’ government to be a unit that is competent and would allow its regions to thrive by enabling them to have their autonomy (execute laws that would be beneficial in their area, this would also be a convenience for regions that would transform them to be independent) Unlike in unitary, regions depend on the central government for budget where it limits their movement. Federalism for the Philippines may not be easily implemented due to the lack of competency of leaders that are occupying the positions within the government. To form a well-structured system for Federalism, it must be led by competent and compassionate leaders that are ready to be of service to others. And socio-economically, the Philippines cannot afford to implement and adapt a federalism type of government, for it is costly. It does not have the financial capability to afford such conversion. The Philippines needs to overhaul its government first if Federalism is to be implemented. Those in positions under this administration must be replaced by new knowledgeable leaders predominantly from the youth sector, where I believe that they can offer new pragmatic ideas. A great example would be Mayor Vico Sotto, the Pasig City mayor. He is admired by his constituents in Pasig but is adored by everyone because of his extraordinary leadership in Pasig. Our country should elect leaders similar to Mayor Vico, for the youth is the future of this country.

[badassbrixter]

Is South China Sea Actually the West Philippine Sea?

It has been determined and bounded by UNCLOS's international entity (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea) that China has no legal claim over the West Philippines Sea. And right from the beginning, the island they are attempting to acquire is ours by right. China's claim over the West Philippine Sea (WPS) is a claim that is not backed up by legal facts nor recognized by a single state over their claim. And it is somehow absurd for them to be arguing that they have indisputable sovereignty because of their historical right, which they call the 9-dashed-line area, only in their domestic legislation where its government perceives that their historical right should be followed. However, in the international arena, they failed to produce documents supporting their claims, lacking the legal grounds in justifying such rights. The chance was given for their government to satisfy and comply with the four conditions of the general and principles policies of International law for their "historic claim." Yet, China failed to abide by these conditions. China proposed a joint development with the Philippines, an initiative by the Chinese government that engaged in a partnership to strike a deal between the two countries; however, its conditions and demands are preposterous that favors heavily towards China where most of what they proposed benefits them greatly. It has been internationally recognized that the West Philippine Sea is favored over the ruling and should rightfully belong to the Philippines. And what's apparent is that the name clearly states who it belongs. However, it is disappointing to fathom that we ought to stand down, for we are incapable because of the power gap between countries against China. It is evident that we lack the power of arms capable of defending our state, however, we should rightfully stand our ground of the ownership over the island. Even if we are favored of the ruling on the arbitral tribunal against China, this powerful country has every means to go against every odds, defying international laws and entities and still get their way only to serve the satisfaction of their imagination that they have "historical right" over bodies of water.