That funny sinking feeling you get when people have been calling you “OFF THE CHARTS!” for your entire life only for LLMs to take that as an “instruction” to…
Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division, following nuclear division (mitosis/meiosis), where the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two distinct daughter cells. It begins during late anaphase or early telophase, using an actin-myosin contractile ring to pinch animal cells or a cell plate to divide plant cells. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Purpose and Timing
• Purpose: It ensures each daughter cell receives a complete set of organelles and cytoplasm, finalizing the creation of two genetically identical cells.
• Timing: The process starts in late anaphase or early telophase, finishing just as the next interphase begins. [2, 3, 6]
Types of Cytokinesis
• Animal Cell Cytokinesis: Occurs via a cleavage furrow, where an actin-myosin contractile ring, acting like a "purse string," contracts to pinch the plasma membrane inward, separating the cells.
• Plant Cell Cytokinesis: Occurs via cell plate formation. Because of a rigid cell wall, Golgi-derived vesicles travel to the middle of the cell to form a new cell wall (cell plate) from the inside out.
• Yeast Budding: A form of unequal cytokinesis where a smaller daughter bud separates from a larger parent cell. [1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8]
Stages/Key Mechanisms
1. Division Site Selection: The microtubule cytoskeleton determines where the division occurs.
2. Actomyosin Ring Assembly: In animals, actin and myosin II form a ring at the cortex.
3. Contractile Ring Constriction: The ring contracts (cleavage furrow), tightening inward.
4. Abscission: The final membrane separation into two separate daughter cells. [1, 8, 9]
In some specialized cases, such as oogenesis, the cytoplasm is partitioned unequally, or in cases where cytokinesis fails, a multi-nucleate cell is produced. [10]
This is what I needed to be fed all along :/ I am very very very high-maintenance:
The best anti-inflammatory foods include fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), dark leafy greens (kale, spinach), berries, nuts, olive oil, and, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine, Harvard Health, and Healthline, dark chocolate, tomatoes, and spices like turmeric. These foods are rich in antioxidants, polyphenols, and omega-3 fatty acids that combat chronic inflammation. Adopting a Mediterranean diet, high in fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats, is considered highly effective for long-term health. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Top Anti-Inflammatory Foods
• Fatty Fish: Salmon, mackerel, tuna, and sardines provide EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids, which reduce inflammation.
• Fruits and Berries: Blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, and cherries are packed with antioxidants called anthocyanins.
• Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, and collards are rich in iron and vitamin E.
• Healthy Oils: Extra virgin olive oil and avocado oil provide healthy monounsaturated fats and antioxidants.
• Nuts and Seeds: Almonds, walnuts, and flaxseed offer healthy fats and fiber.
• Vegetables: Tomatoes, broccoli, peppers, and beets (high in antioxidants).
• Spices and Herbs: Turmeric (containing curcumin), ginger, and garlic.
• Other: Dark chocolate (at least 70% cocoa), green tea, and fermented foods like yogurt. [1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9]
Key Diet Principles
• Focus on Whole Foods: Emphasize colorful, plant-based, unprocessed foods.
• Limit Inflammatory Items: Reduce intake of sugary beverages, refined carbs, trans fats, and processed meats.
• Mediterranean Diet: This eating style is widely recommended for reducing chronic inflammation. [2, 10, 11, 12, 13]
Stygian blue is an "impossible color" or "chimerical color"—a deeply saturated, dark blue that appears as dark as black. It cannot exist in the physical world because it requires blue light to be perceived in the absence of light (black), which is only possible by fatiguing the eye's cone cells with bright yellow and looking at a black surface. [1, 2, 3]
How to Experience Stygian Blue
• Method: Stare at a bright, intense yellow object or screen for 15–30 seconds to fatigue your receptors.
• Observation: Immediately look at a black or very dark background.
• Result: A glowing, vivid, "stygian" blue afterimage will appear against the black, a phenomenon often described as a dark blue that is as dark as the surrounding darkness. [1, 4, 5, 6]
Key Facts About Stygian Blue
• Chimerical Color: It is a real visual sensation but not a "real" color in nature, as it relies on exhausting eye receptors (specifically, the yellow-blue neural channel) to function.
• Origin of Name: Named after the River Styx in Greek mythology, representing a color from the underworld.
• Visual Illusion: It is a trick played by the brain and eyes working together to process color afterimages, as seen in examples on platforms like TikTok. [3, 6, 7, 8, 9]
Fluorescence and phosphorescence are both types of luminescence (emission of light) that occur when an atom absorbs energy and re-emits it. The key difference is time: fluorescence is nearly instantaneous ($<10^{-8}$ s) and stops immediately when the energy source is removed, while phosphorescence has a delayed emission (seconds to hours) that persists after the source is removed. [1, 2, 3]
Key Differences Between Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
• Emission Speed: Fluorescence happens almost immediately. Phosphorescence is a slower process with a noticeable afterglow.
• Time Duration: Fluorescence stops instantly without the light source. Phosphorescence continues to glow in the dark.
• Mechanism: Fluorescence involves a transition between electron states of the same spin (singlet to singlet). Phosphorescence involves a forbidden transition between states of different spins (triplet to singlet), which is why it takes longer.
• Examples: Fluorescent neon clothing or highlighter ink needs UV light to glow. Phosphorescent glow-in-the-dark toys store light and emit it later. [1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
• Fluorescence: Electrons absorb light, move to a higher singlet excited state, and return to the ground state almost immediately, emitting light.
• Phosphorescence: Excited electrons undergo a process called intersystem crossing to a "triplet" metastable state, where they stay longer before releasing the energy, resulting in the delayed glow. [2, 3, 5, 9, 12]
Stygian blue is an "impossible color" or "chimerical color"—a deeply saturated, dark blue that appears as dark as black. It cannot exist in the physical world because it requires blue light to be perceived in the absence of light (black), which is only possible by fatiguing the eye's cone cells with bright yellow and looking at a black surface. [1, 2, 3]
How to Experience Stygian Blue
• Method: Stare at a bright, intense yellow object or screen for 15–30 seconds to fatigue your receptors.
• Observation: Immediately look at a black or very dark background.
• Result: A glowing, vivid, "stygian" blue afterimage will appear against the black, a phenomenon often described as a dark blue that is as dark as the surrounding darkness. [1, 4, 5, 6]
Key Facts About Stygian Blue
• Chimerical Color: It is a real visual sensation but not a "real" color in nature, as it relies on exhausting eye receptors (specifically, the yellow-blue neural channel) to function.
• Origin of Name: Named after the River Styx in Greek mythology, representing a color from the underworld.
• Visual Illusion: It is a trick played by the brain and eyes working together to process color afterimages, as seen in examples on platforms like TikTok. [3, 6, 7, 8, 9]
A quayside is the area or platform directly bordering a quay, river, or harbor where boats are docked for loading and unloading. It often refers to the edge of the dock itself. Synonyms include wharf, pier, dockland, marina, jetty, landing stage, or seaport. It is pronounced "key-side" /ˈkiː.saɪd/. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Usage Examples
• Shipping & Industry: "The animals were unloaded on the quayside," or "The fish was sold at the quayside".
• Location & Description: "They took a walk along the quayside to see the boats," or "He worked in a warehouse on the quayside".
• Development: "New luxury apartments are being built overlooking the old quayside". [4, 6, 7]
Key Aspects
• Context: It describes the immediate land-to-water boundary, often bustling with industrial or commercial maritime activity.
• History: The term has been in use since the Middle English period, with records dating back to 1415.
• Distinction: While often used interchangeably, a "quay" is the structure used for mooring, and the "quayside" is the specific area alongside it. [1, 4, 8, 9]
Additional meanings include "Quayside" as a font or as part of business names, such as bars, as explained in the Merriam-Webster definition. [1, 10, 11]
𑣲 summary: katsuki bakugo wants your attention. badly.
𑣲 pairing: bakugo x reader (both are U.A students)
𑣲 wc: 2.3k | 𑣲 tags: fluff, is this what you people call 'yearning' and 'pinning'
Katsuki Bakugo is rage incarnate. He shouts and yells like his life depends on it, shaking a fist or two, letting his quirk crackle on his palms like fireworks as show of intimidation and worse of all, he has the snappiest rebuttals in the entirety of human history. Some people compare him to a kettle from all the steam oozing out of his ears and some compare him to a volcano from the way he practically explodes. Attention flocks to him mostly in a negative way and it emboldens him to do even more.
But you? You might very well be the exact opposite of Katsuki Bakugo. You're a ray of sunlight that pierces through the clouds of ash and soot spewed out by Bakugo the volcano, radiating positivity as you spread sunshine and rainbows onto the dreary land. People sing praises in your name and you can only laugh in response with a kind smile.
And much to Bakugo's ire, more often than not, you barely react to his show of power or violence. No matter how loudly he growls at you or intrudes your personal space, you'd brush him off with a light hum or a smile of acknowledgement. You're not like the others who bow their head immediately or quake in fear in his presence. To Katsuki Bakugo, it's infuriating. He wants you to react just as the others do and he'll go through multitudes of trials just to squeeze a reaction out of you.
But somehow, his excessive desire to get a reaction out of you just turns him into a madman pinning and yearning for your attention instead.
"Look at me." Bakugo barks one day during training class, his palm crackling with miniature explosions. Due to an injury you've suffered during work studies, you're exempted from training and you're often sitting on the sidelines, watching the others and their quirks in action. Bakugo soon develops a habit of disturbing you every time. "Oi, I said look at me! Do you see how much I'm doing?!"
"I am looking." You lie as you gaze at Izuku, distracted by how flashy his black whip is as the green haired boy soars through the air like spiderman with an elated grin on his lips. You think about how useful that quirk is and you're too distracted to notice the look of horror flashing past Bakugo's face when he realises who you're staring at. With another pained growl, Bakugo shoves himself into your vision and you're forced to finally look at him.
"Stop looking at idiot Deku!" Bakugo roars through gritted teeth, his explosions matching his fury.
You blink as you think about how oddly possessive Bakugo has been recently. He'd stayed glued to your side all the time and bark every time someone tries to get close to you. At one point another student confessed his love for you and Bakugo chased him halfway across the campus. You weren't that bothered since you're not interested in anyone but you had to admit, it was pretty funny to witness.
"Bakugo," You say with a light smile, watching as the blonde stiffens in his spot, frenzied eyes fixed on you and no one else. "Why do you want my attention all the time?"
Bakugo stares at you like you've asked him to solve the mystery of the universe. If you stare hard enough, you might notice the tip of his ears slowly turning pink. He opens and closes his mouth like a dumb goldfish repeatedly and before he can answer truthfully, the bell rings signalling the end of the period. Aizawa calls out to Bakugo so he can debrief and dismiss the class and you watch as the blonde is forced to turn away from you as he stomps his way towards the rest of the class.
You don't really understand why as you prop up your head onto both of your palms, gazing at your classmates who have gathered in front of Aizawa. You notice how Bakugo persistently glares at everyone, hands deep into the pockets of his gym attire. If looks could kill, everyone would have dropped dead by now except for you since you're never really affected by whatever Bakugo does.
The class is finally dismissed. Your friends join you, chatting loudly about lunch for today. You praise them for their hard work and they beam at you, pleased that someone has recognised their efforts. You and your friends walk towards the cafeteria together and you shake off the feeling of someone digging daggers into your back for you already know who it is.
⋆˚౨ৎ ⋆.˚
The weeks pass and nothing much happens, really. You've recovered and are fit enough to go back to training alongside the rest of your class. It's a relatively relaxed semester so aside from academics and training, you've started noticing a lot of things concerning Katsuki Bakugo.
You've noticed that if you're not Bakugo's sparring partner, his moves become a lot more forceful and flashy. And every time he knocks down his sparring partner with a typical victorious war cry, his desperate eyes immediately flock towards you and when he locks gazes with you, he immediately looks away with his lips twitching slightly.
You've noticed that whenever you study with the rest of the class in the library, Bakugo invites himself to the seat next to you and if someone happens to be occupying that seat, he'll forcefully make it empty so he can sit next to you. He'll point out your mistakes with a scowl, jabbing at your exercise book with a fiery frown before explaining the problem to you in a heated yet hushed voice and then looking at you like he expects a reward in return. And whenever the others ask for help, they'll receive a disgruntled grunt and a firm no in response.
One day you get a hint about the Katsuki Bakugo mystery. A student from another class has asked you to meet him at the back of the school building and you agree. In the quiet shadows of the dusk tainted earth, he pulls out a letter and offers it to you with a shy smile. "I, uh, like you a lot! Please go out with me!"
You blink your eyes before you smile warmly. You're no stranger to confessions and politely turning them down every single time. "Ah, sorry, but I'm not interested."
The student's shoulders slump with a dejected sigh as he looks at you wistfully. "It was worth a shot, I suppose. But it's Katsuki Bakugo, isn't it?"
"What do you mean?" You ask, curious.
"Well, he clearly has a thing for you." The student's voice drops to a low whisper as he looks around, suddenly nervous. "He's always trying to get your attention and he treats you extra differently."
You hum as you think about it. You have noticed this strange attitude towards you but you never thought too much about it, shrugging it off as special Katsuki Bakugo behaviour. "Nah, I don't think so. He doesn't seem like a person that will fall in love when he's too busy trying to be first in everything."
"He wants to be first so you'll look at him. That's just what I think." The student shrugs before he grins at you. The two of you exchange a few more words and you watch as he runs off, still joyful even though you've turned down his confession.
You ponder over the student's words about Bakugo wanting you to look at him, musing silently for a few seconds. You finally decide that there's no point constantly mulling over it and decide to ask Katsuki Bakugo directly when the time is right.
⋆˚౨ৎ ⋆.˚
The right time finally presents itself in the form of a late night chance encounter in the kitchen of the dorm building. You're finally taking a break after late night revision and wander into the kitchen for a refresher, only to see Bakugo lingering in the kitchen. The moment you lock eyes with him, Bakugo looks away like he's been zapped. The kitchen grows still as you put your cup down onto the counter and approach Bakugo who shrinks backwards.
"What are you doing?" You ask in a soft voice and with a light smile. "I thought you slept early."
"Just— I don't know." Bakugo mutters, raising a hand to cover the lower half of his face and refusing to look at you. You take another step forward and Bakugo flattens his back against the counter top.
"Couldn't sleep?" You ask, tilting your head and curious for you have never seen Bakugo this flustered before.
"M-Maybe." He continues muttering a low voice that breaks apart at the edges before sneaking a glance at you and looking away immediately. "What are you doing here?"
"Just needed a drink." You say nonchalantly, pointing at your cup before you smile at Bakugo again and turn away from him. Before you can even walk towards your cup to grab it, a warm palm wraps itself around your wrist and a muffled sound of surprise leaves your lips as Bakugo yanks you forward straight into his chest. His arms snake around your waist possessively, pulling you deeper into his embrace and caging you in with no chance to escape.
You blink, stunned. You know Bakugo has a knack for being bold and aggressive towards everyone else but he has never showed it towards you until now. His heartbeats pound against your ribcage, rattling it profusely and his fingers curve into your pliant skin. The stillness of the kitchen has never been so loud, echoing quietly in your ears.
"Bakugo?" You whisper breathlessly as you raise a hand to touch his arm that is wrapped around you lightly. He shudders at your touch. "What's gotten into you?"
And much to your surprise, Bakugo lets out a puppy whine beside your ear as he buries his face into the crook of your neck, pulling you in impossibly close. And after a few beats, he finally answers in a ragged whisper, still refusing to let you go.
"You… You never look at me."
"But I do look at you." You reply softly and receive a soft whimper of denial from the blonde, his lips ghosting your bare neck.
"No. It's different. You look at me like I'm just a stain on your existence but you look at others like you actually care about them enough to ask. People keep calling you sunshine but I don't feel the warmth from you. None of it is for me. It's not fair, it's not…" Bakugo finally raises his head, crimson eyes swimming with desperation and need as he flattens his imaginary puppy ears. He lets out another strangled sound and paws at you, needy hand roaming all over your waist. "Why do you admire Izuku's quirk so much? What about my quirk? I can be so much better than him!"
You laugh softly and raise a hand to put it onto Bakugo's head gently. You see the moment his brain short-circuits from your touch, eyes growing wide and jaw falling apart.
"I do think you're better at everything than anyone, that's why I didn't think there was a need to really look at you." You murmur with a gentle smile. "But I suppose I was wrong?"
Bakugo just whines pitifully at you in response. He looks so sad, you can't help but chuckle as he ruffle his hair.
"I'm curious, do you like me by any chance?" You ask. Bakugo melts with your touch and it takes him a full thirty seconds to regain his senses to answer with a frantic nod of his head.
"I want you." Bakugo whines again, arms still firmly wrapped around your waist and fingers kneading your skin. You're certain his grip is going to leave faint marks on your body tomorrow. "You've been driving me crazy for months and I— I just can't stand it anymore. I hate it when other guys confess to you, I hate it when you praise other people instead of me, I hate it when you don't share you warmth with me. Please… Please give me a chance and be my sunshine. Please?"
"You don't need to ask." You murmur, cradling Bakugo's cheek with one palm as his imaginary puppy tail swishes about frantically. In the silence of midnight, your lips meet with Bakugo's warm lips in a soft yet passionate kiss and oh, how Bakugo burns for you. You feel the moment his breath hitches in his throat and every single fibre of his muscles tenses immediately before he makes a sound of utter desperation like a starved man now granted a single inch of salvation as he drinks up your kiss greedily.
Bakugo pants, his breaths short and ragged, cheeks flushed red with an intensity beyond his quirk. He stares at you, pupils dilating and fingers contracting around your skin before he whimpers quietly and begs you with his quivering eyes and parched voice. "One more… please?"
You indulge him, cupping both of his cheeks with both palms as you kiss him gently again, imprinting the shape of his lips into a memory sealed in amber. His voice breaks into silence as he kisses you back with twice as much passion.
"Shit." Bakugo rasps, delirious and drunk from your kisses alone as he stares up at you with partially glazed eyes. "Been wanting this… for so long… My head hurts…"
"You might pass out at this rate." You giggle quietly and Bakugo groans, dropping his head onto your shoulder. Even without placing a hand on his pulse, you can feel just how fast his heart is and you wouldn't be surprised if he gets a heart attack. You take his hand and try to unwrap yourself from his clutches. "Come on, little puppy. Let's go to my room. You need to rest."
Human body pH balance refers to the strict regulation of acid-base levels in blood and tissues, typically maintaining a slightly alkaline range of $7.35$ to $7.45$. The body uses the lungs (removing $\text{CO}_2$) and kidneys (buffering ions) to sustain this equilibrium, which is crucial for metabolism and oxygen delivery. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Key Aspects of Body pH Balance:
• Optimal Blood pH: The healthy blood range is slightly basic, between $7.35$ and $7.45$.
• Stomach and Skin: The stomach is highly acidic (pH $1.5$–$2$) to break down food, while the skin is slightly acidic (pH $4$–$5.5$) to protect against bacteria.
• Imbalance Symptoms: When the body cannot regulate pH, it leads to acidosis or alkalosis, causing fatigue, confusion, headaches, or nausea.
• Regulation Mechanisms: Lungs exhale acidic $\text{CO}_2$, and kidneys filter waste products to keep the body within the necessary range. [1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
Maintaining pH Balance:
• Dietary Choices: A balanced diet often includes alkaline-forming foods like fresh vegetables, fruits, nuts, and lentils.
• Hydration: Drinking enough water helps the kidneys function properly to manage acid levels.
• Lifestyle: Reducing stress, sleeping well, and exercising can support the body's natural pH control. [11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
While some test their saliva or urine, experts emphasize that blood pH is tightly regulated, and significant issues are usually linked to underlying medical conditions like chronic kidney disease or respiratory issues. [13, 16, 17, 18]
In case you were wondering what my heaven-granted power level actually was:
A plenipotentiary is a diplomatic agent or representative invested with full authority to act, negotiate, and sign treaties on behalf of their government without needing further approval. Often used for ambassadors or special envoys, this noun means "complete power" and is used in formal diplomacy. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Usage Examples:
• "The U.S. appointed a Minister Plenipotentiary to oversee the signing of the peace treaty".
• "She was given plenipotentiary powers to negotiate the economic agreement".
• "The diplomat acted as a plenipotentiary to expedite the negotiations". [2, 5, 6, 7]
Synonyms:
• Ambassador
• Envoy
• Diplomat
• Emissary
• Minister [2, 4, 7]
EtymologyDerived from Latin plenus ("full") and potentem ("powerful"). [2]
E pluribus unum" (Latin for "out of many, one") is a traditional motto of the United States, appearing on the Great Seal to signify the union of thirteen colonies into one nation. It represents unity in diversity—a single nation formed from many distinct states, cultures, and people. [1, 2, 3]
Key Aspects of "Out of Many, One":
• National Motto: It was proposed for the Great Seal on July 4, 1776, and represents the strength found in diversity.
• Cultural Symbolism: It signifies that while America is made of diverse cultures and ethnicities, they unite as one people.
• George W. Bush Book: Former President George W. Bush wrote a book, Out of Many, One: Portraits of America's Immigrants, featuring 43 portraits and stories to showcase the positive contributions of immigrants.
• Other Uses: The motto or its variations are used by other organizations, including Jamaica's national motto ("Out of many, one people") and the Estonian Defence Forces. [3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
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