Two more speculative evolution pieces for the Gaiademou aka BestinClass seed world: the grasses and the beeeeeees.

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@dynamoterror1011
Two more speculative evolution pieces for the Gaiademou aka BestinClass seed world: the grasses and the beeeeeees.
Doing a bit of speculative evolution for Gaiademou, aka the BestinClass event/seed-world for this year’s Spectember.
Some sketches of Equus ovodovi, a species of horse once found throughout northeastern Asia during the Pleistocene and Holocene (going extinct only around 3,500 years ago). It was the last surviving member of the subgenus Sussemionus, a clade of horses most closely related to zebras and donkeys but diverging earlier than the split between those two groups. The colored sketch of the two stallions is primarily based on the coloration/pattern of Asiatic Wild Asses, while the black-and-white sketch is more zebra-inspired.
Two sketches of some recently described squamates: the long-finned mosasaur Megapterygius from Late Campanian/Early Maastrichtian Japan, and the little stem-gecko Helioscopos from Late Jurassic Utah.
Quick colored sketch I made a little while ago of the newly described Gremlin slobodorum, a particularly fragmentary Leptoceratopsid.
Been a little while since I’ve checked in on this funny place, so here’s some recent flocking-together #Paleostream sketches: Aigialosaurus swallowing a small ichthyodectiform, Paleoparadoxia just vibing while an early Shearwater dives for food, a dead Bohra (whether from old age, falling from a tree, or killed by another predator) is found by a young Dynatoaetus, and a little Infernovenator climbs down a seed fern.
Results from the Flocking #paleostream
Aigialosaurus, Paleoparadoxia, Bohra illuminata, Infernovenator.
Results from the #paleostream
Huracan, Mandaloceras (that's a cephalopod), Megalancosaurus and Melanerpes shawi.
Results from the #paleostream! This one was a mix of wishes by backers for the Paleocene Kickstarter and the usual sketches. Omnivoropteryx, Waimanu, Leviathania, Irritator...
...and my take on the JP Dilophosaurus plus Otoites.
A sketch in three stages: Pachypanthera piriyai. This large pantherine with particularly robust canine teeth is known from a few jaw fragments from the late Miocene of northeastern Thailand, specifically from the Khorat Sand Pits. Based on the size and other characteristics of the known material, P. piriyai has been proposed to have a powerful bite (possibly regularly engaging in bone-crushing), and it may have been as large as a small tiger. A fragmentary Machairodontine tooth was also described in the same paper, possibly coming from a relative of Homotherium and Amphimachairodus (which is portrayed sitting on a log in the background of the sketch).
Anyway while we're on the subject of public misconception towards living things (which is completely understandable because have you SEEN living things? There's like dozens of them!) here's a fresh rundown of some common mistakes about bugs!
Arachnids aren't just spiders! They're also scorpions, mites, ticks and some real weirdos out there
Insects with wings are always finished growing! Wings are the last new thing they ever develop! There can never be a "baby bee" that's just a smaller bee flying around.
That said, not all insects have larvae! Many older insect groups do look like little versions of adults....but the wings rule still applies.
Insects do have brains! Lobes and everything!
Only the Hymenoptera (bees, ants and wasps) have stingers like that.
Not all bees and wasps live in colonies with queens
The only non-hymenoptera with queens are termites, which is convergent evolution, because termites are a type of cockroach!
There are still other insects with colonial lifestyles to various degrees which can include special reproductive castes, just not the whole "queen" setup.
Even ants still deviate from that; there are multi-queen ant species, some species where the whole colony is just females who clone themselves and other outliers
There is no "hive mind;" social insects coordinate no differently from schools of fish, flocks of birds, or for that matter crowds of humans! They're just following the same signals together and communicating to each other!
Not all mosquito species carry disease, and not all of them bite people
Mosquitoes ARE ecologically very important and nobody in science ever actually said otherwise
The bite of a black widow is so rarely deadly that the United States doesn't bother stocking antivenin despite hundreds of reported bites per year. It just feels really really bad and they give you painkillers.
Recluse venom does damage skin, but only in the tiny area surrounding the bite. More serious cases are due to this dead skin inviting bacterial infection, and in fact our hospitals don't carry recluse antivenin either; they just prescribe powerful antibiotics, which has been fully effective at treating confirmed bites.
Bed bugs are real actual specific insects
"Cooties" basically are, too; it's old slang for lice
Crane flies aren't "mosquito hawks;" they actually don't eat at all!
Hobo spiders aren't really found to have a dangerous bite, leaving only widows and recluses as North America's "medically significant" spiders
Domestic honeybees actually kill far more people than hornets, including everywhere the giant "murder" hornet naturally occurs.
Wasps are only "less efficient" pollinators in that less pollen sticks to them per wasp. They are still absolutely critical pollinators and many flowers are pollinated by wasps exclusively.
Flies are also as important or more important to pollination than bees.
For "per insect" pollination efficiency it's now believed that moths also beat bees
Honeybees are non-native to most of the world and not great for the local ecosystem, they're just essential to us and our food industry
Getting a botfly is unpleasant and can become painful, but they aren't actually dangerous and they don't eat your flesh; they essentially push the flesh out of the way to create a chamber and they feed on fluids your immune system keeps making in response to the intrusion. They also keep this chamber free of bacterial infection because that would harm them too!
Botflies also exist in most parts of the world, but only one species specializes partially in humans (and primates in general, but can make do with a few other hosts)
"Kissing bugs" are a group of a couple unusual species of assassin bug. Only the kissing bugs evolved to feed on blood; other assassin bugs just eat other insects.
Results from the Flocking #paleostream! Coelurosauravus, Falcatakely, Knightoconus and Pannoniasaurus.
So, I just found out that late Pleistocene India had a now-extinct species of Reduncine antelope (specifically a close relative of the Kob and Puku), and I’m flabbergasted that I haven’t seen any mention of it before. Sivacobus sankaliai was the last of a lineage of Asian Kobus-like antelope, apparently the only Reduncines outside of Africa, and its fossils are specifically from a fairly rich fossil site in Gujarat that was likely an inter-dune desert wetland very near to the coast. I’ve made a rough sketch of S. sankaliai based on a picture of the known skull material and photos of living Kob antelope. https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-vertebrate-paleontology/volume-35/issue-4/02724634.2014.943399/First-Asian-Record-of-a-Late-Pleistocene-Reduncine-Artiodactyla-Bovidae/10.1080/02724634.2014.943399.short
https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-vertebrate-paleontology/volume-35/issue-4/02724634.2014.943399/First-Asian-Record-of-a-Late-Pleistocene-Reduncine-Artiodactyla-Bovidae/10.1080/02724634.2014.943399.short
Result from the #paleostream For some times now I have been fascinated by the Jialingjiang Formation and it's bizarre content. It's best known for the hupehsuchians, the only place and time they are known from. But there are quite a few other critters as well.
here the little size chart that I made yesterday in preparation. Fun fact about the Jialingjiang Formation: we have not a single fish fossil so far, only incho fossils indicate that that they were present too. The reptiles however, are often preserved fantastically!
Here some examples of hupehsuchians and other animals from there. After some digging, people from our Discord server also found some invertebrates to include in the image.
The environment of this formation was apparently extreme: very warm water, high salinity (lots of potassium), arid climate over the waves (it was a hot soup). This and the relative isolation of the giant lagoon these animals lived in, potentially lead to a lot of endemism.
Btw. I came back to this formation because of the recent Hupehsuchus filter feeding paper. I think it's a fascinating topic. However I'm not sure I can agree with the idea that this animal would be a continuous ram feeder, similar to right whales.
While that fits the probably rather slow locomotion of the animal the jaws look more like those of Rorqual whales. So how does that fit? Thankfully a friend noticed that, while torso and tail are rather stiff, the neck is quite flexible...
so a potential strategy I could imagine here is that they thrashed their heads left and right into clouds of shrimp/plankton, similar to how some crocodiles do it to catch small fish. Let me known what you think. I'm looking forward to more research into these animals.
So what this paint company does is take iron pollution from abandoned mines that are polluting soils and rivers and makes iron based red pigment paints out of it.
Basically they realized hey no one's cleaning this shit up, it's polluting the streams, killing all the fish, making the water undrinkable and there's a huge market for it so why not make money by cleaning it the fuck up?
They remove this stuff by the industrial bucket load from the rivers. The idea is if it's in a painting, if it's in your home, it's not poisoning wildlife.
anyway its cool as shit, please support tf out of these people https://gamblinstore.com/reclaimed-earth-colors-set/
An early Elasmotheriine rhino was just described from the middle Miocene of China: Tongxinotherium latirhinum, and it’s a strange one to say the least. The reconstruction presented in the paper (which appears to be from the artist known as Sinammonite on deviantart), gives it a small, pointed horn on the tip of its snout, which is supported by a very strange scooping shelf of bone growing over and in front of the rest of the snout. I’m definitely not too familiar with keratin correlates on skulls, but I could imagine this rhino also simply having a large, fleshy snout like a Moose or Saiga, or a keratin pad or boss, or (maximum chaos option) a sort of keratin blade as I’ve sketched here.
Slightly more chaotic collection of Flocking-together Paleostream sketches this time. Starting on the left is Hupehsuchus, going after a shoal of tiny Conodonts. On the bottom is a Bobosaurus, snatching a Pseudoglyphaea lobster from the seafloor. On the right is a Eocoelophysis (not closely related to the dinosaur Coelophysis, but instead a fragmentary Silesaurid) strutting along, and on the top is the remarkably billfish-like placoderm Carolowilhemina.