Partners: Yao Chen, Reem A. Hassan
Sepak = kick/smash(Malaysian)
Takraw = rattan/woven ball(Thai)
Court: area of 13.4m * 6.1m ,width of boundary lines=0.04m, center line=0.02m,
Quarter circles near the center line ->radius:0.9m each
Service circle radius:0.3m in radius, location: 2.45m from the back line of the court and 3.05m from the sidelines, line width=0.04m
Post height=1.55m for men and 1.45m for women, placed 0.3m away from the sideline and in line with the center line
Net: made of nylon with 0.06m to 0.08m mesh, 0.7m in depth, and no shorter than 6.1m in length, height=1.52m for men and 1.42m for women
Ball: spherical, made of synthetic fiber of one woven layer
-deliver the ball over into the opponent’s court in such a way that the ball is difficult to be returned and does not go out of bounds.
-win a set with score of 15 or more (up to 17) with a lead of 2 points minimum.
A match set is played by 2 teams(regus), 3-5 players per team, 3 on court
There is a match referee and a linesman stationing on each end of the net, and one court referee stationed behind one of the match referees.
One game set is played over 15 points, with a deuce being played over 17 points:
-when the game starts, the right inside player throws the ball to the server, and the server will initiate the first serve
Following an initial serve, each team has up to 3 touches of the ball before having to return it across the net.
The Feeder and Server will help set up the ball so that the striker can smash the ball across the net.
Jaw-dropping sunback spike- the spiked ball can travel towards the opponent in excess of 120km/h.
Substitution occurs after one set ends.
A team scores when the opposing team fails to return the ball across the net after three touches with the ball, or when the ball is returned across the net but lands outside of the court.
-player may use any part of their legs, head, and torso to handle the ball, but not with their arms and hands.
-starting from the beginning, service switches from one team to another every 3 turns. Service- over occurs after every 3 consecutive points scored regardless of the team which has earned the points. After every consecutive points, ball service changes to the opposing team for the subsequent 3 consecutive points. This service-over process continues until a game set ends.
-At deuce (when both sides are 14-14), the service alternate on every point.
-the ball can be repeatedly kicked by one person up to 3 times.
-a service is valid if the ball goes across the net, whether it touches the net or not, and inside the boundary lines of the opponent’s court.
-during a spike, if the ball flies out of bound and the opponent is in contact with the ball, then 1 point goes to the team performing the spike
-whenever a team commits a fault, a point is awarded to the opponent side
-a set is won by the side which scores 15 or more with a minimum difference of 2 points over the opposing side, or when a side first reaches the score of 17.
-each side is entitled one tactical time-out in each set, and each such time-out lasts a maximum of 1 minute. Time-outs may only be called by coach when the ball is not in play.
-on the last set, the game goes up to 8 to win that set.
-when throwing the ball for the serve, the inside player steps on or crosses over the quarter lines or center lines
-server stands on the service circle line before and during the service
-server does not kick the ball on the service throw
-ball touches players on serving side before the ball goes over the opponent court
-ball falls outside of the outer court boundaries
- ball does not go over the net
- player uses arms or hands to directly touch the ball, or facilitate a kick by touching the other objects and other surfaces with their arms or hands.
-creating distracting manner or noise
-touching the ball more than three times in succession by players from the same team.
-holding or carrying the ball
-ball touches the ceiling, roof, or the wall
-using external objects as a form of support to playing
-walking, throwing (at the start of the game only),
-controlling the ball with
-Substitution of team players
-delivering the ball across the net
-strategic moves: ex. Spiking
-preventing opponent from scoring
-distracting opposing team while serving: ex. yelling, screaming, shouting