Cleanser- removes dirt, dead skin cells, makeup and oil. A good cleanser can help to keep pores unclogged and therefore aid in acne prevention.
Toner- removes traces of makeup and, depending on the type of toner chosen, add moisture to the skin and even out skin tone. Some help reduce redness.. Those with oily skin benefit from using astringents which help tighten pores. Popular toners include
Witch hazel – natural astringent that reduces oil and inflammation
Rosewater- antibacterial properties help to control acne. Aids in removing dirt and oil from face and may therefore control shine.
Tea tree oil – firms skin and ‘tightens’ pores. Must be used in very small (diluted) amounts in order to prevent skin irritation.
Exfoliants- exfoliation removes dry, dead skin cells. physical exfoliants (e.g. scrubs, brushes and ‘loofas’) are rubbed on the skin and scrub of dead skin, etc and improve the texture of skin. Chemical exfoliants, such as lactic and glycolic acid, dissolve dead skin and promote cell regeneration. Over-exfoliation can backfire and lead to bacterial infections as skin becomes raw and underlying tissue is exposed. [lush (aobs) and st. ives- my personal faves].
Moisturiser- Locks moisture in the skin and forms a protective barrier; can help to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and give skin a ‘glow’. Different moisturisers are formulated for different skin types. Dry skin benefits from heavier lotions with humectants whilst oily skin may require oil free moisturisers. People with sensitive skin should avoid fragranced products in general as they may irritate skin. Moisturisers can also be beneficial for skin conditions such as eczema. [ personal faves: shea butter and aloe vera gel]
Face mask – There are many different types of face masks, each used for a different purpose. Masks are not essential but can be used occasionally to boost skin’s appearance and in order to relax. Some of the benefits of face masks includes: increased hydration, firmer skin, even skin tone, decreased fine lines. [indian healing clay mask -personal favourite}
Sun screen- important in order to protect skin form the sun’s harmful UV rays. Contrary to popular belief, having dark skin is not enough to completely protect you from harm from the sun; everyone is affected, though to differing degrees. Exposure to sunlight can cause premature ageing and skin cancer. Sun protection factor (SPF) ‘If your skin would normally burn after 10 minutes in the sun, applying an SPF 15 sunscreen would allow you to stay in the sun without burning for approximately 150 minutes’ (x)
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