Korean Vocab: Politics, Political Systems and Government
정치권 political sphere, political circle
외교 diplomacy (외교관 diplomat)
대사 ambassador (대사관 embassy)
대표 a representative, a delegate (대표하다 to represent)
선거를 실시하다 to hold an election
투표를 기권하다 to abstain from voting
개표소 ballot count location
선거권 the right to vote (= 참정권)
거부권을 행사하다 to exercise one’s veto
표결에 부치다 to put sth to a vote
~에 출마하다 to run for office
공약을 내걸다 to make campaign promises
선거운동 election campaign (= 캠페인)
유세하다 to stump, to canvass, to campaign (= 유세를 펼치다)
당선되다 to get elected (= 뽑히다) (당선자 person who was elected)
낙선하다 to lose an election (낙선자 person who lost the election)
~에게 석패를 하다 to lose by a close margin
~을/를 지휘하다 to lead, to command
지지하다 to support, to endorse
득표하다 to receive votes (득표율 number of votes)
후보를 누르다 to beat a candidate
국회의원 member of the National Assembly
단일 정당 a single party (일당제 single party state)
집권하다 to come to power, to seize power
여당 the majority party, the ruling party (= 집권당)
야당 the minority party, the opposition party
정치적 연합 a political coalition (= 제휴, 연립)
좌익 left-wing (극좌 far-left, 극좌파 far-left wing of a party)
우익 right-wing (극우 far-right, 극우파 far-right wing of a party)
중도주의 centrism (중도주의자 a centrist, a moderate)
온건한 to be moderate (온건주의자 a moderate)
진보적인 progressive, liberal (진보주의 progressivism, 진보주의자 a progressive)
보수적인 conservative (보수주의 conservativism, 보수주의자 a conservative person)
애국심이 있다/없다 patriotic/unpatriotic
노조 a union (노조원 a union member)
노조를 결성하다 to unionize (= 노동조합 결성하다)
~을/를 역임하다 to hold a post as ~
설문 조사를 하다 to conduct a survey
시위(운동) a demonstration, a protest (시위가 이어지다 to demonstrate, 시위대 demonstrators, protestors)
파업 a strike (파업자 a striker)
반란을 일으키다 to rebel, to revolt (반란, 봉기 uprising)
허위정보 media manipulation, propaganda
검열(관) censorship (검열하다 to censor)
부정(하게) 조작하다 to rig the ballot
뇌물을 수수하다 to receive a bribe
탄핵 impeachment (탄핵소추안 impeachment motion, 탄핵 절차를 거치다 to go through the procedures of impeachment)
정치 및 경제 체계 (political and economic system)
독재 체제 dictatorship (군부 독재 military dictatorship, 독재 국가 autocratic state, 독재자 dictator)
중앙 집권화하다 to centralize (the power) (중앙집권화된 정부 centralized government)
지역화하다 to regionalize, localize
자치권 autonomy (자치국 autonomous state)
폭정 tyranny, depotism (폭군 tyrant)
자본주의 capitalism (자본 capital)
혼합 경제 mixed economy, state capitalism
주권 sovereignty (= 통치권, 주권국가 sovereign nation)
청와대 The Blue House (where the South Korean President lives)
대통령 President (대통령직 the office of the President)
취임 선서 the swearing-in ceremony
현 ~ an incumbent ~ (= 현직)
복지예산 welfare budget (복지 welfare)
예산안을 발표하다 to announce a budget plan
정권이 교체되다 to change regime (government) (정권, 체제 a regime)
정부를 수립하다 to establish a government
쿠데타를 일으키다 to carry-out a coup d’etat
통일을 이룩하다 to achieve reunification (남북통일 Korean unification)
제재 sanctions (제재를 가하다 to impose sanctions, 제재를 풀다 to ease sanctions, 제재를 철회하다 to lift sanctions)
합병하다 to annex (a country)
탄압하다 to persecute (= 박해하다)
Charges against Park Geun-Hye were: 직권남용 abuse of power, 권리행사를 방해하다 to interfere with the exercise of sb’s rights, 뇌물을 수수하다 to receive a bribe, 강요 coercion, 국가 기밀을 누설하다 breach of confidence (by revealing state secrets)
사임하다 to resign, to leave office
헌법기관 (constitutional institutions)
삼권분립 separation of legislative, executive, and judicial powers
행정부 executive branch (정책을 집행하다 to enforce policies)
사법부 judicial branch (법률을 적용하다 to apply the law)
입법부 legislative branch (법률을 제정하다 to legislate)
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