MOUNT EVEREST

Everest is 29,035 feet or 8848 meters high The summit is the border of Nepal to the south and China or Tibet on the north It is over 60 million years old Everest was formed by the movement of the Indian tectonic plate pushing up and against the Asian plate Everest grows by about a quarter of an inch (0.25") every year It consist of different types of shale, limestone and marble The rocky summit is covered with deep snow all year long

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Skiing down Mount Everest

http://youtu.be/piNRRg7WuG8

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This is the picture of the route used to climb Mount Everest. Click on a feature to be taken to the NOVA Alive on Everest Website. There you will see QuickTime VR movies. NOVA, Public Broadcasting Service's award winning T.V. program provided these pictures. Quick Time VR is a 360-degree panoramic view, that is controlled by clicking the mouse and dragging in the movie window.

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Science

Mt.Everest is in the Himalayas. The Himalayas are a mountain range in Asia. The Himalayas were formed over 30 to 50 million years ago. Scientists believe they were formed by India's continental plate crashing into the Eurasian continental plate. Because the two plates were pressing together it forced land to rise which formed the Himalayas. They rose from the Tethys Sea. The Himalayas border northern India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Myanmar. The Himalayas reach 320 to 400 km. wide and have up to 14 of the world's highest peaks. Among the peaks is Mount Everest, the world's highest mountain, which is 29,028 feet high. The two plates are still pressing together so Everest rises a few millimeters a year! Mount Everest could stay the highest peak for a long time because it is always rising.

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Summits

The first attempt was in 1921 by a British expedition from the north (Tibet) side

The first summit team was a British expedition lead by Colonel John Hunt on the south (Nepal) side

The first summit was on May 29, 1953 by Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay, a Sherpa from Nepal. They climbed from the south side.

The first north side summit was on May 25, 1960 by Nawang Gombu (Tibetan) and Chinese climbers Chu Yin-Hau and Wang Fu-zhou

The first climber to summit Everest without bottled oxygen was Italian Reinhold Messner in 1980

The first woman to summit Everest was Junko Tabei of Japan in 1975

The oldest person to summit was Nepalese Min Bahadur Sherchan, age 76 on May 26, 2008

The oldest woman to summit was Japanese Tamae Watanabe, age 73, in 2012 from the north

The youngest person to summit was American Jordan Romero, age 13, on May 23, 2010 from the north side

The youngest person to summit from the south side was Nepali Nima Chemji Sherpa on May 19, 2012

Apa Sherpa holds the record for most summits with 21, the most recent one in 2011

About 3,425 climbers have summited Everest once and another 2,220 have summited multiple times totaling 5,652 summits of Everest as of June 2011

223 people have died trying to climb Everest. Almost all are still on the mountain.

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Sherpas

Sherpa is the name of a people. They mostly live in western Nepal. They migrated from Tibet over the last several hundred years

Sherpa is also used as a last name

Usually their first name is the day of the week they were born.

Nyima - Sunday

Dawa - Monday

Mingma - Tuesday

Lhakpa - Wednesday

Phurba - Thursday

Pasang - Friday

Pemba - Saturday

Sherpas help climbers by carrying tents and cooking food to the High Camps

Sherpas climb Everest as a job to support their families

Sherpas can get sick from the altitude like anyone

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Climbing

There are 18 different climbing routes on Everest

It takes 2 months to climb Mt. Everest in order for the body to adjust to the high altitude

There is 66% less oxygen in each breath on the summit of Everest than at sea level

Thin nylon ropes are used to keep climbers from falling.

Climbers wear spikes on their boots called crampons

They also use ice axes to help stop a fall

Thick, puffy suits filled with goose feathers keep climbers warm

Most climbers eat a lot of rice and noodles for food

Almost all climbers use bottled oxygen because it is so high. It helps keep the climbers warm.

Climbers start using bottled oxygen at 26,000 feet but it only makes a 3,000 foot difference in how they feel so at 27,000 feet, they feel like they are at 24,000 feet

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History

It was first identified by a British survey team in lead by Sir George Everest in 1841

Everest was first named Peak 15 and measured at 29,002 feet in 1856

In 1865, it was named Mount Everest, after Sir George Everest

In 1955, the height was adjusted to 29,028 feet and is still used by Nepal

China uses 29,015 feet as the official height today

Using GPS technology, the summit was measured at 29,035 feet in 1999

Everest is called Chomolungma in Tibet. It means mother goddess of the universe

Everest is called Sagarmatha in Nepal. It means goddess of the sky

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Weather

The Jet Stream sits on top of Everest almost all year long

The wind can blow over 200 mph

The temperature can be -80F

In mid May each year, the jet stream moves north causing the winds the calm and temperatures to warm enough for people to try to summit. This is called the 'summit window'. There is a similar period each fall in November.

It can be very hot with temperatures over 100F in the Western Cwm, an area climbers go through to reach the summit.

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Name

Sir George Everest was the first person to record the height and location of Mt. Everest, this is where Mt."Everest" got its name from(In american language)