I believe that Suleiman did not have a daughter named Raziye. But why?
During my trip to Istanbul, I visited Sultan Selim Mosque.
There were five tombs in the mausoleum of the p
Șehzadeler, where Suleiman's young children are buried.
In addition to the tombs of Mahmud Murad and Abdullah, there were the tombs of two other children.
We know that Suleiman's two sons, Mahmud and Murad, died in 1521. The following year, Suleiman's eldest daughter died.
In 1522, Yahya Effendi was still very young. It is not clear whether he was even then a priest or not.
On the other hand, at this time, Yahya had not built a tomb for himself to bury the Sultan's daughter in. More strangely, all three young sons of the Sultan were buried in the royal tomb.
Why should the Sultan bury his young daughter in the tomb of a cleric? A tomb that had not yet been built.
I think the young girl is buried next to her brothers in Sultan Selim Khan Mosque.
On the other hand, there are five graves instead of three in the mausoleum of the princes. I don't know who the fifth tomb belongs to, maybe it is one of Suleiman's children, but surely one of those tombs belongs to the Sultan's little daughter.
But as for Raziye Sultan, I think she was the daughter of Şehzade Mustafa.
Husamodin Husayn, the 19th century historian, mentions in the history of Amasya that Şehzade Mustafa had four children: Suleiman, Mehmed, Fatma and Raziye. In his book, he mentions that the girl who married Ahmad Pasha was Fatma Sultan. If I am not mistaken, his source for this statement is the writing of one of the Venetian ambassadors.
On the other hand, we know that Yahya Effendi supported Mustafa's family after his execution. It is not strange that one of his daughters is buried in this man's grave.
From time to time this topic comes up, Polybius would say that’s because history is cyclical lol.
I know the tombs do not correspond to Süleyman I’s known children but that Raziye was the sultan’s daughter was proved by Şehsuvaroğlu, who found that the sarcophagus in Yahya Efendi’s mausoleum had an inscription that said: “Kanuni Süleyman’s daughter and Yahya Efendi’s spiritual daughter the carefree Raziye Sultan”
Yahya Efendi is mentioned as her spiritual father because he and the sultan were milk brothers.
I think Raziye may have been re-buried there, though we don’t know why. It’s not even certain that Süleyman himself re-buried her, maybe something had happened to where she was buried and therefore her sarcophagus was moved.
Hi,a lot of people are claiming that Safiye and Kosem were friends in history,and that Kosem along her children and Osman used to visited Safiye Sultan regulary in Eski Saray,do you know where this is mentioned,I can't find anything about it?
I know there is only theory that they may have alliance when Kosem Sultan wanted to secure the throne for her son Sehzade Mehmed through Nasuh Pasa as he was former man of Safiye?
Mmh, I think it's just a theory. Since Nasuh Pasha was Safiye's favourite, historians think Kösem aligned with her to change the line of succession in favour of Mustafa.
She did live with her for some time in the Old Palace, though, so they certainly saw each other.
Are there any known consorts with Italian origin or captured from Italian Republic territories?
Italy as a state was born in 1861 when it was unified under Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy (Rome would be captured only in 1870, but the unification of Italy is generally dated 1861), so Italy didn't exist in the Early Modern Era.
If Nurbanu was a Venetian subject (which I think she was), then she could have been considered Italian. However, as I said, officially, Italy did not exist in the XVI century. So, no, I don't think there were prominent consorts of Italian descent in the harem.
There's a story about a favourite of Murad IV's being Sicilian but I don't know how true that is.
Hello,I read somewhere that there is version in Secrets of the Ottoman court,private lives of the Ottoman sultans and Inside the Sergalio by John Freely,based on English ambassador Thomas Roe that during the second reign of Mustafa I,Halime Sultan and Kara Davud Pasha had plotted to execute all the survivng sons of Ahmed I and to ensure the throne for the son of Kara Davud Pasa and his wife who was imperial sultana and daughter of Halime Sultan- Sultanzade Suleyman Bey as the only heir of Mustafa I.
The chief of the white eunuchs with his men secretly had gone to strangle the princes,but they had been stoped entering by palace guards who had informed the janissaries and sipahis who were on the outer guard of the palace and investigation had begun,in which the white eunuch and his men were executed,Kara Davud Pasa had lost his position as grand vizier,while the main culprit Halime Sultan had escaped punishment as she was consider mother of the saint Sultan Mustafa.
Do you maybe know more about it?
This is what John Freely says:
Davut Pasha had married the valide's daughter, Mustafa's sister, who subsequently bore him a son named Süleyman. According to Sir Thomas Roe, the valide and her son-in-law concocted a plot to have all of the surviving sons of Ahmet I murdered, so as to leave Davut's son Süleyman as the only living male in the Osmanlı line other than Sultan Mustafa, who had fathered no children and resisted all attempts to introduce concubines into his harem. Thus the valide's grandson would inherit the throne, or at least she and Davut Pasha so hoped.
The valide's henchman, the chief white eunuch, led a group of his men into the Old Saray to kill the young princes, but they were stopped by the palace pages. The pages alerted the Janissaries and Sipahis on duty around the palace, who apprehended the would-be assassins and hanged the chief white eunuch in the Hippodrome as a public spectacle. The soldiers demanded justice, and as a result Davut Pasha was dismissed as grand vezir, though the valide escaped punishment because of her privileged position as the mother of Sultan Mustafa, whose madness led the populace to consider him a saint. Soon afterwards the Janissaries did away with Davut Pasha, strangling him in the same chamber of the Castle of the Seven Towers where, on his order, they had killed Osman. — J. Freely, Inside the Seraglio, 37%.
This is what Thomas Roe says:
(I have fixed some of the spelling)
On Satterday evening, the first of June following, the capiaga or maior domo of the seraglio, having received a secret order to remove the brethren of Osman from their lodgings, and in the night to strangle them; as he was performing his command, ayded with a fewe of the carnifices to carry away the princes, they cryed out; the pages running to the noise, and encouraged by the caslariaga, who had some suspition, without further examination kill the capiaga; now almost every order having risen against their own head, that night they sent secretly to the Janizaries and Spahees to enform them what the had done, and in the morning early hanged his body in the Hippodrome for a publique spectacle. The soldours retorned in fury to court in favour of the pages, and demanded justice against those who had consented to this wicked order, which had made an end of all the Ottoman race, only this Mustafa left alive, who is so holy a saint, that he will not people the world with sinners, nor endure any women about him. The innocent king protests he knows nothing of this purpose, and if his command were procured, it was gotten by subreption; and he is easily believed. But his mother, another Livia, and the new vizier Daout bassa, who had her daughter to wife, were vehemently suspected. It was a day of divan or councill, but these soldiours would suffer none, until they had an accompt of this treason. The vizier denyes all, the mother is a woman, and hidden in the house, yet it is very likely that both were guilty, to uphold and secure their owne authority, it beeing rumored, that the vizier determined to place subditiously, in the roome of the elder prince, his owne sonne, and very like him, and so to governe Mustafa for a tyme, and by his remove to establish himselfe and his race for ever. — The negotiations of Sir Thomas Roe, in his embassy to the Ottoman porte, from the year 1621 to 1628, p. 52.
I wish to give an opinion of daughters of Ibrahim. There is a great abyys in lack of prooves to demarcate daughters of Ibrahim, Atike and Gevherhan. At times, I have an opinion that Atike existed, and at another times that she didn’t exist. For now, I favour the other theory, but i will talk one day about that topic more detailed.
Archiv für Kulturgeschichte Band 77 on page 65, that at the very end of reign of Sultan Ibrahim, Valide Sultan received 125 okka per month, daughters of Murad III named Hümaşah and Hatice received 7 okka per month, daughter of Murad III Fahri(han) received 10 okka per month, Kaya Sultan 16 okka per month, daughters of Ibrahim Gevherhan and Beyhan 30 okka per month and daughter of Ibrahim Fatma 50 okka per month.
Why would Gevherhan and Beyhan receive less stipend than Fatma, as Fatma was adopted and raised by Turhan? Btw, Fatma survived her husband, read Sakaoglu (actually, Ulucay proved it first). Also, in Acta et Diplomata Ragusina, Fatma is mentioned in 1658 document as widow of Fazli Pasha, nothing else is said unfortunately…
Anyway, I would claim that Ayşe Sultan binti Ibrahim really existed. See this quote from work The rise of the Köprülü family (p. 129):
For instance, when Prince Mustafa, the first son of Mehmed IV, was born in Edirne Palace in 1664, Ayşe Sultan, Gevherhan Sultan and Beyhan Sultan, sisters of Mehmed IV, were called to Edirne Palace from Topkapı to join in the celebration for the new prince. This summons shows that some members of the sultan’s family still resided in Topkapı Palace after 1663.
I consider her being the own sister of Mehmed IV. Kütükoğlu was only one right, he was married to Ibrahim’s Ayşe. Ahmed’s Ayşe really died in 1656, in document Vakfiler su defteri there is one document mentioning Ayşe Sultan died before 1660 (if I recall). Her last husband was Ibsir Mustafa Pasha. Sadly, Ibrahim’s Ayşe was wrongly confused also as Ibsir’s wife. Her one and only marriage was with Suleiman Pasha Malatuk (Ermeni). Alderson confused her with Murad IV’s daughter.
In work Atik şikâyet defteri (7 numaralı H.1081-1083/ M.1671-1672) transkripsiyon, Mehmed IV wrote several letters in 1671/72 to his sisters Ayşe and Gevherhan, and their husbands. He doesn’t refer them as hemşirem, but it’s them.
Anyway, in work OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN 1660-1661 (HİCRİ 1070-1071) TARİHLİ SEFER BÜTÇESİ (pp. 23-24), there were provided annual payments of some Ottoman princesses in 1661. This payment list does not refer to all of the Sultanas who were knowly alive in 1661, as Ahmed’s daughter Fatma Sultan for example. Only some of them.:
Hâshâ-i hazret-i Valide Sultan 12.000.000
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Ayşe Sultan 2.595.333
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Fatıma Sultan 2.005.000
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Rukiyye Sultan 1.235.000
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Safiye Sultan 1.005.000
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Beyhan Sultan 1.560.000 24
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Gevherhan Sultan 1.520.000
Hâshâ-i Ayşe sultan haseki-i merhum Gazi Sultan Murad Han aleyhi’r-rahmeti ve’l-gufran 100.000
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Ümmi Sultan 295.000
Hâshâ-i paşmaklık-ı Sâime Sultan 285.000
Hâshâ-i temlik-i merhum Kaya Sultan 1.250.000
See how Mehmed’s cousins (Murad IV’s daughters) and sisters (especially) received high payments, in difference to his aunt Ümmi Sultan and his great-great-aunt Saime Sultan. But, you would notice his sisters Ayşe and Fatma received the highest salaries; Ayşe the very highest as own sister, Fatma little lesser as adopted sister.
Sorry for the long wait, I have been incredibly busy these past few months.
About Ayşe binti Ibrahim, I would refer to this post, in which @rhaenahanzades found that the one married to Ermeni/Malatyalı Süleyman Pasha was Ayşe binti Ahmed I. I’ll paste the citation again, here:
“Soliman passa, Visir della Porta. Ritrouai anche alla Corte per Visir della Porta il Sr Soliman passa, stato un tempo Visir Supremo, dal quale fui all'udienza e lo presentai secondo le comissioni, il quale nell'honorarmi e trattarmi bene non uolse mostrarsi meno cortese degl'altri, offerendosi con molta humanità per ogni occorenza de publici seruitii. Questo Sr è assai noto all'EE. VV. per rellationi di diuersi loro ambassadori, onde a me non occorre tediarle in detto proposito. Dirò solo questo, che non le uol male e che sia personaggio da potterle fauorire, essendo ben uoluto da S. Mtà, col quale è ancor congiunto col uincolo di parentella, mentre la sua zia Aisce sultana tiene per moglie.” (“Dubrovačka akta i povelje” vol. 3, pages 661 and 662)
I believe Ayşe binti Ibrahim died pretty young and therefore never entered the Ragusian ambassadors’ lists of gifts.
As for Fatma binti Ibrahim, I must have missed when it was decided that she had been adopted by Turhan because I have never heard of this.
About the list of payments you’ve found, I’m not sure those princesses are identified correctly:
I have identified them based on seniority and the amount of money, which seems to me to be what their lands yield. I don’t think these are stipends.
Anyway, if we put the princesses in order of amount of money, I think it’d be easier to understand who is who:
Ayşe and Fatma stand at the top of the hierarchy because a) they’re older and b) they must have amassed a great amount of land during their lives. After them we have the sisters of the reigning sultan (Mehmed IV), so Beyhan and Gevherhan (possibly in order of birth??); then we have Murad IV’s daughters (Kaya is mentioned as deceased because she was at the time), and lastly we have two minor princesses: Saime, a daughter of Murad III and a non-haseki concubine, and Ümmi, either a daughter of Ahmed I or of Murad III as well. I say this because I think their small amount of land means they were not daughters of Haseki Sultans: if Ümmi is Ayşe and Fatma’s sister that’s the only reason she would possess less land than them.
Hello i Hope you're doing well ! There is an article made by a historian named ( Ibrahim etem çakir ) which he mentioned that Fatma and Ayse and hanzade helped their mother to remove kemankes and they made an alliance let me quote ! : " " Padişahın evli olan üç kız kardeşi ki bunlardanbiri bostancıbaşı iken Mısır beylerbeyiliği ilemerkezden uzaklaştırılan Nakkaş MustafaPaşa'nın eşi Hanza- de Sultan; diğerleri iseAyşe Sultan ve Fatma Sultan'dı. Schmid'ingüvenilir bir kaynaktan aktardığ "
Hi! So, the author is actually Ersin Kirca and his essay is titled “Dönemin Yazarlarının Gözünden Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Paşa (1639-1644) / Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Pasha through the Eyes of the Writers of the Period (1639-1644)”
The part you quoted is this:
The Sultan's three married sisters, one of whom was Hanzade Sultan, the wife of Nakkaş Mustafa Pasha, who was removed from the center with the Egyptian beylerbeyilik when he was bostancıbaşı; the others were Ayşe Sultan and Fatma Sultan. According to Schmid's reliable source, these three sisters appeared before the sultan and begged him for the return of Mustafa Pasha, who had been sent to Egypt, and asked him not to be oppressed by the “cruel and arrogant Albanian vizier”. For fourteen days, these three sisters stayed in the palace behind their mother, Kösem Sultan, and "charged the vizier from within", while the pashas who used the sultans waited with great hopes. However, Sultan Ibrahim refused to accept his sisters' request and removed them from the palace. Schmid did not specify who the pashas who used the sultans were. However, from this account of his, we understand that a faction consisting of palace women and pashas were active against Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha, but the vizier's influence over the sultan was still solid.
Apparently Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha didn’t stop with Nakkaş Mustafa Pasha but got rid of everyone he saw as a threat to the monopoly he had on Ibrahim. According to Naima and Katib Celebi, he couldn’t let Silahdar Mustafa Pasha marry Kaya Sultan so he removed him from Istanbul:
Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha first imprisoned Silahdar Mustafa Pasha and confiscated a part of his income (50 thousand kurus). In return for this money, he appointed him first to Budin and then to the governorship of Rumelia, allowing him to leave Istanbul. However, this was a trick, and before Silahdar Mustafa Pasha started his duty in Rumelia, he was appointed to Timisoara, a mountainous region, with a new edict. In this way, he was decentralized.
When Silahdar Mustafa left Istanbul, Kaya’s kethuda went to Ibrahim to tell him about the betrothal Murad IV had in mind between Kaya and Silahdar Mustafa. They had Kosem’s approval:
Valide Kösem Sultan wanted to marry Silahdar Mustafa Pasha, whom she still kept as a favorite, to the daughter of Murad IV in order to return him to the "Gate". When Kaya Sultan's kethuda, Mevkufatçı Mehmed Efendi, presented the situation to Sultan Ibrahim for the marriage of Kaya Sultan to Silahdar Mustafa Pasha, with the approval of Kösem Sultan, Sultan Ibrahim consulted the Vizier Mustafa Pasha on this issue, as he did on all other matters.
Unfortunately, Ibrahim asked Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha what to do and the Grand Vizier replied that Silahdar Mustafa Pasha had been corrupt, and he had intervened in the empire’s affair during Murad IV’s reign. He advised Ibrahim to have him killed:
Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha stated that Silahdar Mustafa Pasha intervened in the affairs of the state during the reign of Murad IV and took bribes, that contrary ideas in state affairs would lead to strife and mischief, and that short-sighted people would continue to cause strife and mischief as long as Silahdar Mustafa Pasha was alive, and persuaded the sultan to kill Silahdar Mustafa Pasha while Kösem Sultan was unaware.
Ibrahim of course followed Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha’s advice.
In April 1642, after being imprisoned for a few days in Timisoara Castle, Silahdar Mustafa Pasha was executed by Bestan Ağa, the Bostancıbaşı of Edirne. All his buildings and palaces were sealed, and his belongings confiscated. Kara Mustafa Pasha gained the enmity of Kösem Sultan by having Silahdar Mustafa Pasha killed in this way
After Silahdar Mustafa Pasha, Kemankeş got rid of another favourite of Murad IV’s, Emirgune:
In the same way, Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha ensured that Emirgûneoğlu Yusuf, one of Murad IV's favorites, was murdered by the sultan's edict in 1641. During the reign of Sultan Murad IV, 288 thousand silver coins were allocated for Emirgûneoğlu from customs, and a farm in Kağıthane and a palace in Ahırkapı were given to him, apart from today's Emirgan Grove. After Emirgûneoğlu Yusuf was murdered, the garden formerly called Feridun Garden (Emirgan Grove), which was donated to him by Murad IV, was given to Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha by Ibrahim. Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha organized a great banquet for Sultan Ibrahim in that garden and gave gifts to the sultan and his relatives
And so on (he also had the governor of Aleppo Nasuh Paşazâde Hüseyin Pasha and Zülfikar Pasha murdered). Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha’s plan was to isolate Ibrahim and become the only one the sultan could trust. He worked hard to achieve this, not only by executing or sending away potential enemies but also by personally teaching the sultan how to ride a horse or how to throw the javelin.
I guess he didn’t expect Ibrahim’s mental health to deteriorate so quickly and so suddenly.
Anyway from the quote you sent me and everything else in this essay it becomes clear that Kösem Sultan couldn't wait for the grand vizier to be removed, one way or another. It's why I've always considered it laughable that MC:K made them allies (not only allies, but Kemankeş was basically her minion)
I gave my best to discover identities of daughters of Murad III. I saw recent discussions with another sender, where I could agree that beylerbeyi of Greece from 1590 was Hizir Pasha. I thought that it was Boyali Mehmed Pasha because he was referred as Damad in Index, and I really thought that he was the brother-in-law of sister of Shehzade Mehmed mentioned from 1591...
Anyway, my final word is that it was Hizir Pasha, thanks to the sender rhaenahanzades, I appreciate that discovery. But, I would firmly and undoubtedly stay beside my first claims, that those two daughters of Murad III engaged in August 1590 were both daughters of Safiye. Very interesting, it seems that Fatma was said to be beautiful by ambassador. I provided you from three good sources that Siyavuş Pasha was promised to the Murad III’s (and Safiye’s) daughter. I am glad that you agree with me that Matheo Zane couldn’t missed age of Sultana so much, she wasn’t 26 y.o. in 1592 as he reported but 27-28 y.o., but it doesn’t matter, the point is the same; he was engaged to the eldest one. As Ayşe Sultan was at the time Ibrahim’s wife, and Fatma Sultan was negotiated between Halil Pasha and Hizir Pasha, it must be another daughter. As Sureyya Bey noted that Mihrimah Sultan was the eldest daughter of Murad III when he died, it was surely her. Beside, we know she wasn’t healthy Sultana and that had health issues, her life must have passed confined to Topkapi Palace, I believe. Don’t forget Hümaşah Sultan, who was also Safiye’s daughter, but it seems that she was born between 1580 and 1582, and, as she reached her marriageable age during reign of her brother Mehmed III, we don’t know nothing about her from early 1590s, as she was a child at the time. Her marriage to Hasan Pasha, according to ambassador from early 1610s, appeared during reign of Mehmed III. Anyway, as I said hundred times by now, all four of them were Safiyes. It is my proudest discovery in this sphere, and I am glad you recognized it.
I saw your comment on my analysis of daughters of Mehmed III, and I would agree with much things, but not all of them.
I agree that we don’t know when exactly daughter of Mehmed III, Ayşe Sultan, married Destari Mustafa Pasha. As he died in 1610, it must have been between 1601-1604. I mean, yeah, she could have been the eldest of Mehmed. But we don’t have enough evidence for now to claim it. You didn’t answer me on my questions, who was Ayşe Sultan married to Hüsrev Pasha, I send you some sources. As you saw, Oztuna (who is most occasionally wrong and incorrect) gave strong opinion that it was Mehmed III’s daughter. Maybe he didn’t mishit that time.
I would still suggest that Şah Sultan was most surely wife of (Mirahur) Mustafa Pasha who died in 1610. 82 n. defteri proves it. Check Sicill-I Osmani, Mustafa Pasha was Mirahur until he married sister of Ahmed I and became vizier, so it was him, as he was referred in decision as late vizier. As we all know it’s a fact that Mustafa Pasha’s wife was remarried to Mahmud Bey. So, his wife was Şah Sultan, not Hatice Sultan as Oztuna wrongly suggested. I didn’t realised why you didn’t agree she was full-sister of Ahmed I, when two sources I provided you mentioned her as that. As Mahmud Bey remarried in 1620, and Şah Sultan was still alive in 1617, I believe she died somewhere in 1618.
Mehmed III did have daughter Hatice, and we only know that she had a husband Mustafa Agha who died before 1617. I sometimes wonder if she was the eldest one…. Anyway, I’m between Ayşe and Hatice for options on eldest daughter of Mehmed III. We also know that she has a grave in Sehzade Complex, but someone mixed her husband Mustafa Agha, as Mirahur Mustafa Pasha, who was Şah Sultan’s husband.
Now, maybe I didn’t provide the best document to prove that Suleiman Bey was Kara Davud Pasha’s son, because I provided document from 1687 where are mentioned his daughters Ayşe, Safiye and Afife. Well, here’s the document from 1662:
III. Murad’ın kızı Fahrî Sultan’ın kocası Dilâver Paşa’dan intikal eden malları satan vekili Süleyman Bey’den herhangi bir alacağı kalmadığı
Husûs-ı âti’l-beyânı mahallinde tahrîr için kıbel-i şer‘den bi’t-taleb irsâl olunan mevlânâ Sâlih Efendi b. Mehmed, ol dahi zeyl-i kitâbda muharrerü’l-esâmî olan müslimîn ile medîne-i hazret-i Ebâ Eyyûb el-Ensârî -dâme fî rıdvâni’l-Bârî- de vâki‘ Debbâğlar Deresi demekle ma‘rûf mahalde sâkine fahrü’l-muhadderât zevi’l-muvakkarât tâcü’l-mestûrât aliyyetü’z-zât safiyyetü’s-sıfât Fahrî Sultan bt. el-merhûm el-mebrûr ed-darrâc ilâ medârici rahmeti Rabbihi’l-gafûr Sultan Murad Hân -aleyhi’r-rahmeti ve’l-gufrân- hazretlerinin sa‘âdet-hânelerine varılıp akd-i meclis-i şer‘-i şerîf olundukda, sultân-ı müşârün-ileyhâ meclis-i ma‘kūd-ı mezkûrda, işbu kitâb-ı sıhhat-nisâbın sâhibi kıdvetü’l-emâcid ve’l-ekârim câmi‘ü’l-mehâmid ve’l-mekârim Sultanzâde Süleyman Bey b. el-merhûm Davud Paşa mahzarında tav‘an ikrâr ve takrîr-i kelâm edip bundan akdem fevt olan zevcim merhûm Dilâver Paşa zimmetinde mütekarrir olan mehr-i müeccelim mukābelesinde mecmû‘-ı muhallefâtı hatt-ı şerîf-i sa‘âdet-makrûn ile bana ihsân buyurulmağın ben dahi muhallefât-ı müteveffâ-yı mezbûru izn-i hâkim-i askerî ile sûk-ı sultânîde semen-i misli ile bey‘ ve kabz-ı semen ve bana îsâle mûmâ-ileyh Süleyman Bey’i tarafımdan vekîl ve nâib-i menâb nasb ve ta‘yîn eylediğimde ol dahi vekâlet-i mezbûreyi kabûl ve târih-i mezbûrda mahrûse-i Galata’da kassâm-ı askerî olan Hasan Efendi ma‘rifetiyle muhallefât-ı müteveffâ-yı mezbûru sûk-ı sultânîde bi’l-vekâle bey‘ ve kabz-ı semen eyledikden sonra defter-i kassâm mûcebince makbûzu olan meblağı tamamen bana def‘ ve teslîm, ben dahi kabz ve tesellüm etmişidim el-hâletü hâzihî husûs-ı mezbûra ve mütâlebât ve eymân ve muhâsamâtdan mûmâ-ileyh Süleyman Bey’in zimmetini ibrâ-i âmm-ı kātı‘ü’n-nizâ‘ ile ibrâ ve iskāt eyledim min ba‘d mûmâ-ileyh Süleyman Bey ile merhûm Dilâver Paşa muhallefâtına ve sâir husûsa müte‘allik da‘vâ ve nizâ‘ım yokdur, zuhûr dahi ederse lede’l-hükkâmi’l-kirâm kebîrihimi’llâhi’l-meliki’l-Allâm mesmû‘a ve makbûle olmasın deyicek gıbbe’t-tasdîki’ş-şer‘iyyi’l-vicâhiyyi’l-mu‘teber mâ hüve’l-vâki‘ kayd şüd. Fi’l-yevmi’s-sâbi‘ min şehri Ramazâni’l-mübârek li sene isneteyn ve seb‘în ve elf.
I have no doubt he was Kara Davud Pasha’s son, but names of his daughters gave me reason to believe that Safiye was maybe name of his mother mentioned in harem register of 1638. But, it could still be daughter of Murad III, because 4 husbands out of 7 were named Mehmed in 1613 wedding og Murad III’s daughters. Still, there are no enough evidence to claim whose daughter she was, but one of those two padishahs, yes...
Beside, I see there are some questions about identity of Mihriban Sultan. Actually, she was daughter of Şehzade Bayezid, but for some reason, she was referred as Mihriban, not Mihrimah. She was still alive in 1610s. Those endowments or vakfiyes or whatever were hers…
Mihriban Sultan bt. [Şehzade] Bayezid Han’ın ev vakfı
Mâ-hüve’l-muharrerü fîhî mine’l-vakfi ve şerâitihi ve’l-habsi ve zavâbitihi sahha ledeyye ve sebbete beyne yedeyye hakemtü bi-sıhhatihî ve lüzûmihî fî-husûsihî ve umûmihî âlimen bi-hilâfi’l-cârî beyne’l-eimmeti’l-eslâf ve ene’l-abdü’l-fakīr Mehmed Es‘ad b. Mehmed el-Kâssâm-ı askerî bi-medîneti Kostantıniyyetüil-mahmiye -ufiye anhümâ ve gufire lehâ ve ba‘d işbu kitâbın tahrîrine bâ‘is budur ki; sâhibetü’l-hayrât fahrü’l-muhadderât Mihriban Sultan bt. Sultan Bayezid Hân tarafından vakf-ı âti’z-zikri ikrâra vekîl olup Maksud Bey b. Abdullah ve Mirzâ Bey b. Mucur nâm kimesneler şehâdetleriyle şer‘an vekâleti sâbite olan fahrü’l-akrân Mehmed Çelebi b. Abdürreyyân meclis-i şer‘-i kavîmde müvekkile-i müşârun-ileyh[â] hazretler[i] vakf-ı âti’l-beyâna li-ecli’t-tescîl mütevellî nasb ve ta‘yîn ettiği Mahmud Reis b. İhtiyâr nâm kimesne muvâcehesinde bi’l-vekâle ikrâr ve takrîr-i kelâm edip müvekkilem müşârun-ileyhâ Mihriban Sultan hazretleri mahmiye-i Galata hâricinde el-Hâc Memi mahallesinde vâki‘ bir tarafı Pazarbaşı Ahmed mülkü ve bir tarafı Şâmî Hatun mülkü ve bir tarafı Çâşnigîrzâde Mehmed Çelebi mülkü ve bir tarafı yine müvekkilem müşârun-ileyhâ mülkü ile mahdûd bir bâb fevkānî beyti ve muhavvata ve kenîfi muhtevî olan mülk menzilini cemî‘-i tevâbi‘i ile ve dahi hudûd-ı mezkûre ile mahdûd tûlen ve arzen on beş zirâ‘ arz-ı hâliyeyi hasbeten lillâhi’l-azîm vakf ve habs edip şöyle şart eyledi ki menzil-i mezbûrda müşârun-ileyhâ hazretlerinin utekāsından Rahime bt. Abdullah sâkine olup ol vefât ettikden sonra mezbûre Rahime’nin evlâdı ve evlâd-ı evlâdı sâkin olalar ve ba‘de’l-inkırâz mütevellî-i mezbûr Mahmud Reis sâkin ola ve ondan sonra mütevellî-i merkūmun evlâdı ve evlâd-ı evlâdı sâkin olalar neslen ba‘de neslin inkırâz ve ba‘de’l-inkırâz menzil-i mezbûr ecr-i misli ile îcâr olunup hâsıl olan ücreti her sene Medîne-i Münevvere fukarâsına irsâl oluna ve ta‘mîr ve termîmin menzil-i mezbûrda sâkin olan ede deyip vekîl-i merkūm menzil-i mezbûru mütevellî-i mersûma teslîm edip ol dahi kabz ve tesellüm eyledikden sonra ba‘de’l-muhâkeme hâkim-i muvakkı‘-ı hâze’l-kitâb hazretleri menzil-i mezbûru sıhhat ve lüzûmuna hükm-i sahîh ile hükmedip min-ba‘d nakz ve nakzına mecâl mümteni‘ü’l-ihtimâl ve tağyîr ve tebdîli muhâl oldu. “Fe men-beddelehû ba‘de mâ-semi‘ahu [fe inne]mâ ismühû ale’llezîne yübeddilûnehû innellâhe [semî‘un alîm]”
Finally, I want to remind you that some of my analyzes and other useful discoveries are pending with you (some even for a long time), and I hope you will answer them as soon as possible. Greetings!
Before answering, I would like to tell everybody that, unfortunately, I hurt my right shoulder and wrist, so I cannot spend too much time at my computer answering your questions. I hope you understand why I've been slow lately.
I personally appreciate all your work considering it’s done with only sources that are available online. It’s good that you stand by your claims, I am just afraid you can’t force everyone else to agree with you lol
Moving on to Mehmed III’s daughters:
Ayşe Sultan binti Mehmed III
My bad, it seems I have missed that part of your previous ask.
Ayşe Sultan binti Mehmed III seems to have been the wife of Hüsrev Pasha. From the way that essay words it, it seems that Ayşe survived him: “It was stated that the income would first be used for the repair of the foundation works and the remaining would be distributed among Hüsrev Pasha’s children, and that his wife Ayşe, his brother Ibrahim Pasha bin Hizir Pasha after her death, and their children and grand-children after their deaths would be the trustees. Thus, it is understood that Hüsrev Pasha’s wife was Ayşe Sultan, that he also had a brother named Ibrahim Pasha, and that their father was Hızır Pasha.”
Öztuna says that they married in 1613. Since Destari Mustafa Pasha died in 1610, it is definitely possible. Hüsrev Pasha was executed in 1632, if Ayşe survived him she must have died between 1632 and 1639 (or she went back to the harem, and that’s why she’s not mentioned in Dumas’ list of stipends, which is about princesses who lived outside the Palace).
Şah Sultan binti Mehmed III
I honestly do not remember not agreeing that Şah was Ahmed I’s full-sister, I just pointed out that Pietro della Valle wasn’t sure about it: “… tra le sorelle del Gran Signore e forse la piu amata, e, se ben mi ricordo, credo che sia sorella a lui di madre e di madre, che in queste parti rade volte avviene ai principi del sangue reale.”
“se ben mi ricordo” means “if I remember correctly”, so the sentence is “… she’s probably the most beloved among the Grand Signore’s sisters and, if I remember correctly, I think she’s his sister from his father’s and his mother’s side, something that rarely happens to princes of royal blood.”
That’s it. I also said that it’s interesting that he mentioned that because most of the time foreigners don’t, they don’t distinguish between full-siblings and half-siblings.
I looked up Mustafa Pasha in Sicill-i Osmani, as you recommended:
He grew up in Enderun and became a mirahur-i evvel (chief of the sultan’s stables). In 1013 (October 1604) he became beylerbeyi and in the same week he became vizier and damad. Then he became kubbe vizier and then he was sent to the guardianship of Bursa. In 1016 (1607/08) he was brought from there and became kaymakam (deputy grand vizier), and in 1018 (1609/10) he was dismissed and became again kubbe vizier. He died in 1019 (1610). He is buried with his wife the sultan in his mausoleum at the gate of the Sehzade Mosque.
It checks out: he was first mirahur and then made vizier when he became damad.
Hatice Sultan binti Mehmed III
I’m afraid there’s nothing to add about her or her husband. /If/ we consider that decision to be close to his death (it’s about lands) because maybe someone else stole her inheritance, then he may have died in (late?) 1617, as that decision is from Zi’l-hicce 1026, which is December 1617.
I personally don’t believe she was the eldest, also because she married “just” an agha of the Janissaries.
Anyway, we don’t know what happened to her after 1617.
The wife of Kara Davud Pasha
Now, that document is good! He is finally called “Sultanzâde Süleyman Bey b. el-merhûm Davud Paşa” so he can only be Davud and the princess’ son. Also, it’s interesting that he acted as his aunt’s representative when she had to sell some lands.
Anyways, it’s possible that Mehmed III could have named one of his daughters after his mother but we can’t say it with certainty as of now. Moreover, this princess could have gone back to the harem after Davud Pasha’s execution and never married again. If she was, we’d need stipends for Enderun and not Birun to check who was living in the Palace at the time.
Mihriban Sultan
Actually, whoever translitered the document wasn’t sure of the identity of her father, as it’s titled: Mihriban Sultan bt. [Şehzade]? Bayezid Han’ın ev vakfı. The way her father is mentioned “Mihriban Sultan bt. Sultan Bayezid Hân”, without all the adjectives for a sovereign makes me think it was certainly Şehzade Bayezid and not, for example, Bayezid II. (I also truly doubt that a daughter of Bayezid II was alive in the 1610s).
I think these names sometimes varied to a certain point, like Fahri-Fahriye-Fahrihan. In imperial documents, Ayşe Sultan binti Ahmed I is repeatedly called Ayişe. Ümmügülsüm binti Ahmed I was also mentioned in various ways: Ümmügülsüm, Ümmi, Ümm-i Külsum, and finally, as Ümmühan by that English ambassador.
thank you for your reply regarding Hanzade Sultan, it was clear that she had at least one son, and it seems that Kösem's daughters had sons from several different husbands.
I would like to know your opinion about what I have researched about Atike Sultan, it seems to me that there is only one Atike and she is the daughter of Ahmed I,
I do not think that Ibrahim had a daughter named Atike, and perhaps the alleged princess of Ibrahim who is said to have had husbands may have been one of his daughters, either Princess Gevherhan or Beyhan.
To be honest, I don't know the order of her marriages, but it seems that Kenan Pasha was her husband until his death in 1652.
Atike sultan was alive in 1658 because of her support for Mihnea:
| Mihnea entered Ken’an Pasha’s kapı at a young age, serving as a page and obtaining education in letters and religious sciences
befitting a member of the Ottoman elite. His membership in the household spanned decades and continued after Ken’an Pasha’s death in 1652. Moreover, through the grandee’s wife, Atike Sultan, the pretender managed to establish a bond with valide sultan Hatice Turhan.44 The robust patronage network allowed Mihnea to make a successful bid for the throne in 1658, which was not only supported politically but also bankrolled by Atike Sultan, who contributed 140,000 akçe for this purpose[...] That the Ottoman princess was ready to pay for her client’s bid suggests that she saw it as an investment, although one that ultimately did not pay off: the following year, Mihnea III rebelled against the Porte and was replaced on the throne with a protégé of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha. - Michał Wasiucionek (The Ottomans and Eastern Europe)
But then, Atike appears as deceased in an Istanbul court document dated 1663-1664, describing her as the wife of the deceased Kenan Pasha:
| Mahmiye-i İstanbul’da merhûm Kenan Paşa ve zevcesi merhûme Âtike Sultan evkāfına meşrûtiyyet üzre bi’l-fi‘l mütevellî olan iftihârü’l-emâcid ve’l-ekârim câmi‘ü’l-mehâmid ve’l-mekârim Bayezid Bey tarafından husûs-ı âtîye vekîl olup vekâleti bimâ hüve nehci’s-sübût şer‘an sâbite olan umdetü’l-müderrisîni’lkirâm zübdetü’l-muhakkikīni’l-fihâm Ahmed Efendi b. Ali mahfil-i kazâda Mehmed Bey b. Abdi mahzarında üzerine takrîr-i da‘vâ edip evkāf-ı mezbûre mukāta‘atından olup vilâyet-i Rumeli’de eyâlet-i Silistre’de kasaba-i Tatarpınarı mukāta‘asını bin yetmiş iki senesi Martı ibtidâsından bir sene tamânına değin evkāf-ı mezbûreye sâbıkan mütevellîler olan Abdullah Bey ve Hüseyin Bey nâm sagīrlerin kāimmakāmları Ebûbekir Efendi ve Hızır Ağa mezbûr Mehmed Bey’e iki yüz bin akçeye der-uhde edip ol dahi vech-i muharrer üzre iltizâm ve kabûl ve bir sene tamâmen zabt ve mikdâr-ı mezkûr mahsûlünü dahi kabz eyledikden sonra kıst-ı iltizâmından yüz bin akçesini vakf için ahz u kabz eylediklerinden sonra kırk beş bin akçesini dahi işbu hâzır bi’l-meclis mezkûr Hızır Ağa’ya teslîm edip mezbûr Hızır Ağa dahi ba‘de’l-kabz sagīreyn-i mezbûreynin vâlideleri ve vasiyyeleri umdetü’l-muhadderât zübdetü’l-muvakkarât tâcü’lmestûrât Eğlence Hâtun’a tamâmen teslîm edip hâlâ üzerimde bâkī kalan elli beş bin akçesini dahi vakıf için mezkûr Mehmed Bey’den bi’l-vekâle taleb ederin, suâl olunsun dedikde gıbbe’s-suâl mezbûr Mehmed Bey cevâbında fi’l-vâki‘ kaziyye minvâl-i muharrer üzre olup lâkin evkāf-ı mezbûre kâtibi olan mezbûr Ebûbekir Efendi ve Hızır Ağa kıst-ı iltizâmım olan iki yüz bin akçeyi yüz bin akçeye tenzîl edip zabt temessüküme vakıf için yüz bin akçeye tahrîr edip hat ve hâtemlerini hâvî yedime işbu meclisde kırâ’at olunan temessükü verdiklerinden sonra harc nâmına kırk beş bin akçeyi mezbûr Hızır Ağa ve elli beş bin akçesini mezbûr Ebûbekir Efendi benden ahz u kabz eylediler deyû mukır ve mu‘terif olmağın mûcebince meblağ-ı mezbûr elli beş bin akçeyi edâya mezbûr Mehmed Bey’e tenbîh olunup mâ vaka‘a bi’t-taleb ketb olundu.
- M.ÂKİF AYDIN ISTANBUL KADI SİCİLLERİ 44 İSTANBUL MAHKEMESİ 191 NUMARALI SİCİL (H. 1000-1027 / M. 1591-1617)
Dr. Cumhur Bekar points out that there are clear documents with the names of those present at the Edirne Palace:
| "[...] For instance, when Prince Mustafa, the first son of Mehmed IV, was born in Edirne Palace in 1664, Ayşe Sultan,Gevherhan Sultan and Beyhan Sultan, sisters of Mehmed IV, were called to Edirne Palacefrom Topkapı to join in the celebration for the new prince" - Cumhur Bekar (The rise of the Köprülü family)
The other sister Fatma Sultan, had died by then, which strongly suggests that there was no princess named Atike daughter of Ibrahim, in the documents.
I am looking forward to seeing your suggestions ,Because I intend to prepare a research on YouTube about Atike daughter of Ahmed I. Good day.
Hi! @rhaenahanzades and I have already talked about Atike binti Ibrahim and we agreed that she probably didn’t exist.
Burnaz Atike Sultan’s husbands seem to have been the following:
the son of Ekmekçizade Ahmed Pasha (d. 1618) (during Osman II’s reign)
Sofu Kenan Pasha (at the beginning of Murad IV’s reign, so her previous husband must have died pretty soon). Kenan Pasha died in 1652
Doğancı Yusuf Pasha (she married him in 1652)
If that judicial document is well dated, then Atike must have died between 1658 and 1662-63.
Thanks for giving me this quote by Cumhur Bekar:
Besides the number of the personnel in Topkapı and Edirne palaces, what can we say about the members of the harem in both palaces? Although we have no exact data on the subject, scattered information can be founded in the sources. For instance, when Prince Mustafa, the first son of Mehmed IV, was born in Edirne Palace in 1664, Ayşe Sultan, Gevherhan Sultan and Beyhan Sultan, sisters of Mehmed IV, were called to Edirne Palace from Topkapı to join in the celebration for the new prince. This summons shows that some members of the sultan’s family still resided in Topkapı Palace after 1663.
From how it’s worded, it seems those three princesses lived in Topkapi Palace and not with their husbands. Were they widows at the time, then? They must have been teenagers in 1664 (if we consider 1649 the last year a pregnant concubine could have given birth to a child of Ibrahim, then this child was 15 years old in 1664) so I don’t think they still lived with their mothers… Or maybe they just lived in Istanbul, the summons were sent to Topkapi and then forwarded to the princesses.
As a matter of fact, Ragusian diplomats mention those three princesses in 1662 and in 1670:
Ghiuherhan Sultana moglie di Smail Passa; Beihan Sultana moglie di Mustai Passa; […] Aise Sultana moglie di Suleiman Passa
Ghievherhan sultan moglie di Casciu’ Pascia, Beihan Sultan, moglie d’Ali Pascia, Hiscie Sultan, moglie di Scoleiman Pascia
(Off-topic, then Kütükoğlu is right when he says that the Ayşe Sultan who married Malatyali Süleymân Pasha was a daughter of Ibrahim’s? He is clearly not right when he said she was also married to Ibşir Mustafa Pasha).
At this point, I think Fatma must have died before 28 July 1662, when Ragusian diplomats stopped mentioning her. Uluçay found a document dated 8 May 1661 related to her stipend, so she was definitely alive until then.
I definitely agree that Atike Sultan binti Sultan Ibrahim did not exist.
Hello! :) Sorry for getting into a conversation again, but I've been trying to find more informations about Ibrahim's daughters these past days and since the topic appeared here, I will share it.
Ayşe Sultan wife of Ibşir Pasha and Süleyman Pasha is Kösem's daughter, not Ibrahim's or Murad's. This is a report dated after 1665 in "Dubrovačka akta i povelje" vol. 3, pages 661 and 662:
"Soliman passa, Visir della Porta. Ritrouai anche alla Corte per Visir della Porta il Sr Soliman passa, stato un tempo Visir Supremo, dal quale fui all'udienza e lo presentai secondo le comissioni, il quale nell'honorarmi e trattarmi bene non uolse mostrarsi meno cortese degl'altri, offerendosi con molta humanità per ogni occorenza de publici seruitii. Questo Sr è assai noto all'EE. VV. per rellationi di diuersi loro ambassadori, onde a me non occorre tediarle in detto proposito. Dirò solo questo, che non le uol male e che sia personaggio da potterle fauorire, essendo ben uoluto da S. Mtà, col quale è ancor congiunto col uincolo di parentella, mentre la sua zia Aisce sultana tiene per moglie."
It's a question to me why in most historians' words, Ahmed I's daughter Ayşe Sultan is thought to have died in 1656 or 1657, since it seems like she lived for 13-14 years more, as the Ragusian ambassador mentions she got gifts in 1670 as well.
Anyway, I do think Ibrahim's daughter Ayşe existed, but she didn't get married before 1662, otherwise I think the Ragusian ambassador would have given her a gift. In my opinion, she may have gotten married between 1663 and 1670, but died before the 1670 list of gifts.
I also don't believe Ibrahim's daughter Ayşe Sultan is the princess who married Haseki Mehmed Pasha and then "Defterdar" Ibrahim Pasha which La Croix mentions and which Joseph von Hammer further identifies as Ayşe.
I've explained about why I think Beyhan is Haseki Mehmed Pasha's wife in the other post. About "Defterdar" Ibrahim Pasha, this became a question mark to me because the first thing that appears when you search him is the Mosque and that is not helpful lol.
La Croix calls "Defterdar" Ibrahim Pasha as governor of Egypt, Aleppo and Kapudan Pasha. As far as I could search, the only Ibrahim Pasha who was Kapudan Pasha in the reign of Mehmed IV is Kara Ibrahim Pasha (d.1687), who also became a Grand Vizier. It appears he wasn't dead by the time La Croix was in Istanbul? He's also not known to have been a Damad.
So here's my theory: a confusion happened with three different Ibrahim Pashas in the informations of European observers at the time. One was Kara Ibrahim Pasha, who was not Damad at all but did become Kapudan Pasha as La Croix claims, and the other two were Damads: Şeytan Melek İbrahim Pasha and Uzun İbrahim Pasha.
Şeytan Melek İbrahim Pasha was at one point Defterdar, governor of Egypt (but not Kapudan Pasha as far as I've been able to search) and became the husband of Murad IV's daughter Rukiye Sultan, but he's confused in European sources as the husband of Mehmed IV's sister, probably due to the fact that Beyhan Sultan was also married to one Ibrahim Pasha, aka Uzun Ibrahim Pasha.
Besides La Croix, the confusion appears again in Ragusian list of 1680: "Ruchie Sultana moglie di Imbraim Pascia hora al Governo di Budim; Behra Sultana moglie di Imbraim hora al Governo di Candia". This quote is very suspicious, because Şeytan İbrahim Pasha is only known to have become governor of Budin in 1684, but not in 1680. In 1680, the governor of Budin is Uzun Ibrahim. This information can be found in "Budin ve Tımışvar Eyaletlerinin Paşaları: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz" on page 26.
So, IMO, Beyhan Sultan is the princess whom La Croix mentions who married Haseki Mehmed Pasha and then Ibrahim Pasha (but he's confusing the informations of three Ibrahim Pashas into one). La Croix would have missed in his list her two first husbands, Hasan Pasha and Hezarpare Ahmed, and two husbands between Haseki Mehmed and Uzun Ibrahim Pasha, which are named by Ragusians as Mustafa Pasha in 1662 and Ali Pasha in 1670. La Croix also confused Beyhan as the wife of one Canpulatoglu, when Ragusians identify his wife as Gevherhan.
All in all, I think the marriages were like this...
Gevherhan Sultan: Musahib Cafer Pasha (d. 1647), Sari Kenan Pasha (d. 1659), Ismail Pasha (d. 1664), Gürcü Mehmed Pasha (d. 1665), Cerrah Kasim Pasha (d. 1675), a Canpulatoglu (d. ???) and Palabiyik Yusuf Pasha.
Beyhan Sultan: Hasan Pasha (d. 1648), Hezarpare Ahmed Pasha (d. 1648), Haseki Mehmed Pasha (d. 1661), Mustafa Pasha (d. ???), Ali Pasha (d. ???), Arnavud Uzun Ibrahim Pasha (d. 1683) and Bıyıklı Mustafa Pasha (d. 1698).
Oh, that quote clears everything up, thank you!! As you know, I cannot access that book (sadly)
I agree with you on Ayşe binti Sultan Ibrahim. She seems to have died pretty early: she was alive to witness the birth of Mustafa II but she never entered Ragusian ambassadors’ lists.
Same, she’s definitely not Haseki Mehmed Pasha’s wife. She existed but her name was used for another sister of hers.
This makes sense:
Gevherhan Sultan: Musahib Cafer Pasha (d. 1647), Sari Kenan Pasha (d. 1659), Ismail Pasha (d. 1664), Gürcü Mehmed Pasha (d. 1665), Cerrah Kasim Pasha (d. 1675), a Canpulatoglu (d. ???) and Palabiyik Yusuf Pasha.
Beyhan Sultan: Hasan Pasha (d. 1648), Hezarpare Ahmed Pasha (d. 1648), Haseki Mehmed Pasha (d. 1661), Mustafa Pasha (d. ???), Ali Pasha (d. ???), Arnavud Uzun Ibrahim Pasha (d. 1683) and Bıyıklı Mustafa Pasha (d. 1698).
thank you for your reply regarding Hanzade Sultan, it was clear that she had at least one son, and it seems that Kösem's daughters had sons from several different husbands.
I would like to know your opinion about what I have researched about Atike Sultan, it seems to me that there is only one Atike and she is the daughter of Ahmed I,
I do not think that Ibrahim had a daughter named Atike, and perhaps the alleged princess of Ibrahim who is said to have had husbands may have been one of his daughters, either Princess Gevherhan or Beyhan.
To be honest, I don't know the order of her marriages, but it seems that Kenan Pasha was her husband until his death in 1652.
Atike sultan was alive in 1658 because of her support for Mihnea:
| Mihnea entered Ken’an Pasha’s kapı at a young age, serving as a page and obtaining education in letters and religious sciences
befitting a member of the Ottoman elite. His membership in the household spanned decades and continued after Ken’an Pasha’s death in 1652. Moreover, through the grandee’s wife, Atike Sultan, the pretender managed to establish a bond with valide sultan Hatice Turhan.44 The robust patronage network allowed Mihnea to make a successful bid for the throne in 1658, which was not only supported politically but also bankrolled by Atike Sultan, who contributed 140,000 akçe for this purpose[...] That the Ottoman princess was ready to pay for her client’s bid suggests that she saw it as an investment, although one that ultimately did not pay off: the following year, Mihnea III rebelled against the Porte and was replaced on the throne with a protégé of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha. - Michał Wasiucionek (The Ottomans and Eastern Europe)
But then, Atike appears as deceased in an Istanbul court document dated 1663-1664, describing her as the wife of the deceased Kenan Pasha:
| Mahmiye-i İstanbul’da merhûm Kenan Paşa ve zevcesi merhûme Âtike Sultan evkāfına meşrûtiyyet üzre bi’l-fi‘l mütevellî olan iftihârü’l-emâcid ve’l-ekârim câmi‘ü’l-mehâmid ve’l-mekârim Bayezid Bey tarafından husûs-ı âtîye vekîl olup vekâleti bimâ hüve nehci’s-sübût şer‘an sâbite olan umdetü’l-müderrisîni’lkirâm zübdetü’l-muhakkikīni’l-fihâm Ahmed Efendi b. Ali mahfil-i kazâda Mehmed Bey b. Abdi mahzarında üzerine takrîr-i da‘vâ edip evkāf-ı mezbûre mukāta‘atından olup vilâyet-i Rumeli’de eyâlet-i Silistre’de kasaba-i Tatarpınarı mukāta‘asını bin yetmiş iki senesi Martı ibtidâsından bir sene tamânına değin evkāf-ı mezbûreye sâbıkan mütevellîler olan Abdullah Bey ve Hüseyin Bey nâm sagīrlerin kāimmakāmları Ebûbekir Efendi ve Hızır Ağa mezbûr Mehmed Bey’e iki yüz bin akçeye der-uhde edip ol dahi vech-i muharrer üzre iltizâm ve kabûl ve bir sene tamâmen zabt ve mikdâr-ı mezkûr mahsûlünü dahi kabz eyledikden sonra kıst-ı iltizâmından yüz bin akçesini vakf için ahz u kabz eylediklerinden sonra kırk beş bin akçesini dahi işbu hâzır bi’l-meclis mezkûr Hızır Ağa’ya teslîm edip mezbûr Hızır Ağa dahi ba‘de’l-kabz sagīreyn-i mezbûreynin vâlideleri ve vasiyyeleri umdetü’l-muhadderât zübdetü’l-muvakkarât tâcü’lmestûrât Eğlence Hâtun’a tamâmen teslîm edip hâlâ üzerimde bâkī kalan elli beş bin akçesini dahi vakıf için mezkûr Mehmed Bey’den bi’l-vekâle taleb ederin, suâl olunsun dedikde gıbbe’s-suâl mezbûr Mehmed Bey cevâbında fi’l-vâki‘ kaziyye minvâl-i muharrer üzre olup lâkin evkāf-ı mezbûre kâtibi olan mezbûr Ebûbekir Efendi ve Hızır Ağa kıst-ı iltizâmım olan iki yüz bin akçeyi yüz bin akçeye tenzîl edip zabt temessüküme vakıf için yüz bin akçeye tahrîr edip hat ve hâtemlerini hâvî yedime işbu meclisde kırâ’at olunan temessükü verdiklerinden sonra harc nâmına kırk beş bin akçeyi mezbûr Hızır Ağa ve elli beş bin akçesini mezbûr Ebûbekir Efendi benden ahz u kabz eylediler deyû mukır ve mu‘terif olmağın mûcebince meblağ-ı mezbûr elli beş bin akçeyi edâya mezbûr Mehmed Bey’e tenbîh olunup mâ vaka‘a bi’t-taleb ketb olundu.
- M.ÂKİF AYDIN ISTANBUL KADI SİCİLLERİ 44 İSTANBUL MAHKEMESİ 191 NUMARALI SİCİL (H. 1000-1027 / M. 1591-1617)
Dr. Cumhur Bekar points out that there are clear documents with the names of those present at the Edirne Palace:
| "[...] For instance, when Prince Mustafa, the first son of Mehmed IV, was born in Edirne Palace in 1664, Ayşe Sultan,Gevherhan Sultan and Beyhan Sultan, sisters of Mehmed IV, were called to Edirne Palacefrom Topkapı to join in the celebration for the new prince" - Cumhur Bekar (The rise of the Köprülü family)
The other sister Fatma Sultan, had died by then, which strongly suggests that there was no princess named Atike daughter of Ibrahim, in the documents.
I am looking forward to seeing your suggestions ,Because I intend to prepare a research on YouTube about Atike daughter of Ahmed I. Good day.
Hi! @rhaenahanzades and I have already talked about Atike binti Ibrahim and we agreed that she probably didn’t exist.
Burnaz Atike Sultan’s husbands seem to have been the following:
the son of Ekmekçizade Ahmed Pasha (d. 1618) (during Osman II’s reign)
Sofu Kenan Pasha (at the beginning of Murad IV’s reign, so her previous husband must have died pretty soon). Kenan Pasha died in 1652
Doğancı Yusuf Pasha (she married him in 1652)
If that judicial document is well dated, then Atike must have died between 1658 and 1662-63.
Thanks for giving me this quote by Cumhur Bekar:
Besides the number of the personnel in Topkapı and Edirne palaces, what can we say about the members of the harem in both palaces? Although we have no exact data on the subject, scattered information can be founded in the sources. For instance, when Prince Mustafa, the first son of Mehmed IV, was born in Edirne Palace in 1664, Ayşe Sultan, Gevherhan Sultan and Beyhan Sultan, sisters of Mehmed IV, were called to Edirne Palace from Topkapı to join in the celebration for the new prince. This summons shows that some members of the sultan’s family still resided in Topkapı Palace after 1663.
From how it’s worded, it seems those three princesses lived in Topkapi Palace and not with their husbands. Were they widows at the time, then? They must have been teenagers in 1664 (if we consider 1649 the last year a pregnant concubine could have given birth to a child of Ibrahim, then this child was 15 years old in 1664) so I don’t think they still lived with their mothers… Or maybe they just lived in Istanbul, the summons were sent to Topkapi and then forwarded to the princesses.
As a matter of fact, Ragusian diplomats mention those three princesses in 1662 and in 1670:
Ghiuherhan Sultana moglie di Smail Passa; Beihan Sultana moglie di Mustai Passa; […] Aise Sultana moglie di Suleiman Passa
Ghievherhan sultan moglie di Casciu’ Pascia, Beihan Sultan, moglie d’Ali Pascia, Hiscie Sultan, moglie di Scoleiman Pascia
(Off-topic, then Kütükoğlu is right when he says that the Ayşe Sultan who married Malatyali Süleymân Pasha was a daughter of Ibrahim’s? He is clearly not right when he said she was also married to Ibşir Mustafa Pasha).
At this point, I think Fatma must have died before 28 July 1662, when Ragusian diplomats stopped mentioning her. Uluçay found a document dated 8 May 1661 related to her stipend, so she was definitely alive until then.
I definitely agree that Atike Sultan binti Sultan Ibrahim did not exist.
If Ahmed and Mustafa have died of the pox, what would happend with the empire? who could ascend the throne in that case? Grand Vizier? Sultanzade? A family member of lower rank for example a son of any hanimsultan?
Mmh I think a civil war would have broken out and even the Khans of Crimea would have tried to get the throne (or conquer parts of the empire).
Technically sultanzades were excluded from the succession because they descended from a woman (their fathers did not have royal blood), but who knows what could have happened in such a case.
I think a civil war is the most likely scenario and basically everyone (statesmen, the army, etc.) would have tried to acquire at least a piece of the empire.
Hi, what information do we have about Haci Mustafa Aga? I know that he supported Mustafa I but i mean more about his background, birthdate even deathdate? I know that he managed the harem after Handan's death. Was he closer to Handan's age or Safiye's?
So, Hacı Mustafa Ağa underwent the Holy Pilgrimage in 1602 (thus acquiring the “Hacı” nickname) and lived in Cairo, Egypt, until late 1604, when he was recalled to Topkapi Palace. There he was first musahib (companion) to Ahmed I and then Chief Harem Eunuch in the autumn of 1605, after the dismissal of Cevher Ağa.
Mustafa Ağa participated in the construction of the Blue Mosque and is even mentioned in an inscription:
Mustafa is mentioned in an inscription on the mosque’s exterior façade, on the side facing Topkapı, as the superintendent (nazir) of the mosque’s construction. This marks the only time in Ottoman history that a Chief Harem Eunuch was included in the inscription of a sultanic mosque. (J. Hathaway, The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Harem. From African Slave to Power-Broker, 28%)
and when he had lived in Cairo, he had done a lot for the development of the city:
A lengthy Arabic endowment deed housed in Egypt’s Ministry of Pious Endowments lists a vast number of his residential and commercial properties in Cairo, as well as lands and commercial operations in a number of Egyptian subprovinces.67 Properties in Cairo are concentrated in the district of Saliba, just north of Dawudiyya; this is also the site of the eunuch’s house, which he cannily endowed to his Cairene vakıf. There is also a commercial complex near the Muski, located north of the Fatimid gate Bab Zuwayla, close by the great mosque/madrasa of al-Azhar and the Khan al-Khalili bazaar. This pattern strongly suggests that Mustafa Agha sought to extend the urban development projects that Davud and Osman had initiated a number of years earlier. His projects must have had a profound effect on this central zone of Cairo, restoring residential and commercial infrastructure from the late Mamluk era while adding new infrastructure where little had existed before. (J. Hathaway, The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Harem. From African Slave to Power-Broker, 57%)
After the death of Ahmed I, he helped putting Mustafa on the throne even though he knew about his mental difficulties.
Although el-Hajj Mustafa Agha was already close to Osman – indeed, he had announced his birth in November 1604 – he helped to engineer Sultan Mustafa’s peaceful accession, even though he was aware that Mustafa was of questionable mental ability or stability. (J. Hathaway, The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Harem. From African Slave to Power-Broker, 29%)
Soon afterwards, though, he started to work to have Mustafa I’s mental instability known to the subjects, with the goal of enthroning Osman in his stead. Three months later, Hacı Mustafa Ağa’s faction engineered the deposition of Mustafa I in favour of Osman. The new Grand Vizier, though, sent him to Egypt in exile for being too close to the new sultan:
According to Naima, Güzelce Ali wormed his way into the young sultan’s affections with lavish gifts, growing so close to him and, consequently, so powerful that he displaced Mustafa Agha, who had been so instrumental in Osman’s accession. Ultimately Güzelce Ali “betrayed” the Chief Eunuch, auctioned off his property, and sent him to Cairo. This was, from all appearances, part of a broader campaign against the Chief Eunuch’s coterie, for Güzelce Ali did much the same to at least one of Mustafa Agha’s clients around the same time. (J. Hathaway, The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Harem. From African Slave to Power-Broker, 29%)
Thus he was succeeded as Chief Harem Eunuch by Süleyman Ağa, one of his protégés (ironically).
Among his protégés also figured the future Grand Admiral Çatalcalı Hasan Pasha. As Kapıcıbaşı, chief of the palace doors, he informed Kösem that Osman was planning to have Mehmed executed:
… et dirò anco di maggior auttorità e fede col Gran Signore, nato da un estraordinario favor verso di lui della sultana madre che, memore dei suoi segnalati servigii in tempo che sospetta a sultan Osman macchinava a leverla la vita a Mehemet, et gli fu perservata per opera de detto Assam che, all’hora chiecaià del vecchio chislar, impiegò di suo ordine grossissima somma d’oro a tal effetto, come ho accennato di sopra. (M. P. Pedani, Relazioni di ambasciatori veneti al senato. Volume XIV, Costantinopoli. Relazioni inedite (1512-1789), p. 593.
Another famous protégé of his was the future Grand Vizier (and husband of Kaya Sultan) Melek Ahmed Pasha, who obtained a spot in the pages palace school thanks to the Chief Harem Eunuch.
After the second deposition of Mustafa I and the enthronement of Murad IV, Kösem recalled Hacı Mustafa Ağa from Cairo to have him again as Chief Harem Eunuch. He stayed in office until his death in mid-july 1624. Afterwards, he was buried “next to the tomb of the Prophet Muhammad’s standard-bearer Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (Ebu Eyyub el-Ensari)” in what will become the Eyüp Cemetery in Istanbul.
Perhaps during his second tenure as Chief Harem Eunuch, Mustafa Ağa had a hand in the succession to the throne of Crimea. In 1623, Mehmed III Giray went to Istanbul to denounce that Mustafa Ağa had helped his brother Janibek become the Khan of Crimea. Thanks to the then-Grand Vizier, who was Mustafa Ağa’s enemy, Mehmed III Giray reclaimed his throne.
hello! I have a question (no seriously mc:k messed my brain up with it’s inaccurate portrayal of my favourites but they did Mustafa I a little good so one point) if you could have any event from the show to be real in history which one would you choose?
Mmh, I honestly don't know. I would leave history as it is :D
Is there any record of what Fatma's second husband, Kara Ahmed Paşa, was executed for? I keep running into roadblocks when I try to track it down (and, of course, accusations of it being a "plot" of Hürrem's, which feels like an old chestnut at this point).
According to Feridun Emecen:
The reason for the sudden execution of Ahmed Pasha is not clear. Celâlzâde Mustafa Çelebi, one of the contemporary sources, attributes the reason for the murder of Ahmed Pasha, whose justice and heroism he praises for his previous achievements, to his inability to bear the burden of viziership, his inability to handle affairs, his laxity in applying the laws, his neglect of counsel, his failure to take the necessary military measures in the Nakhchivan campaign, and thus the missed opportunity to conquer the whole of Iran up to Isfahan, and to the fact that he did not listen to useful words and listened to the words of worthless people. However, it is clear that these allegations put forward by Celalzade reflect the official view. The Habsburg envoy Busbeke, who also witnessed the events, stated in his letter dated July 14, 1556, that the sudden execution of the vizier surprised everyone and conveyed the rumours he had heard on this subject. He writes that some people believe that Ahmed Pasha was very attached to Şehzade Mustafa and secretly supported the rebellion of the Pseudo Mustafa and encouraged Şehzade Bayezid to take the throne, while others said that he was killed to pave the way for Rüstem Pasha to become Grand vizier again.
There is one very mysterious Sultana, who was named Asûde.
There are two documents of her waqf from 1618 and 1634, when she was recorded as ''late'' in both years.
1618:
Âsûde Sultan Vakfı’na ait çifte hamamın tamir keşfi
Mahmiye-i İstanbul’da vâki‘ merhûm Âsûde Sultan vakfına bi’l-fi‘l mütevellî olan Mehmed Ağa b. Mustafa meclis-i şer‘-i şerîfde sevk-i kelâm edip, vakf-ı mezbûrdan olup mahmiye-i merkūmede el-Hâc Küçük mahallesinde vâki‘ çifte hamamın hazînesi yarılıp ve dolabı bozulup ve külhanının taşları tecdîd olunmak lâzım olup ve ba‘zı yerleri meremmete muhtâc olmağın, bundan akdem kıbel-i şer‘den nâ’ib ve muhammin ile üzerine varılıp imâret ve meremmeti için dokuz bin kırk beş akçe tahmîn olunup mâl-ı vakf ile ta‘mîrine izin verilmişdi. Lâkin hazînesinin ziyâde yarıkları zuhûr edip ve tahmîn olunandan gayrı nice mevâzi‘i meremmet olunmağla meblağ-ı merkūm kifâyet etmeyip, cem‘an on sekiz bin elli akçe harcım olmuşdur. El-hâletü hâzihî kıbel-i şer‘den üzerine varılıp mertebe-i tahammülü ta‘yîn olunmak taleb ederim dedikde, savb-ı şer‘den Mevlânâ Mahmud irsâl olunup ve hâssa mi‘mârlardan Üstâd Mustafa ve Üstâd Ali ve zeyl-i kitâbda esâmisi mastûr olan Müslimîn ile mahall-i mezbûra vardıklarında, mi‘mârân-ı mezbûrân hamam-ı merkūmun ta‘mîr olunan mevâzi‘ini tahmîn edip, zikr olunan hazînenin meremmetine yedi bin altı yüz kırk akçe ve löklerine dört yüz akçe ve tahtadan ustura halvetine dört yüz akçe ve dolab çarhına üç bin akçe ve döşeme için beş aded kayagan taşına yüz elli akçe ve altı aded mermer taşına doksan akçe ve külhana vaz‘ olunan dört aded taşa dört yüz seksen akçe ve avratlar hamamının kubbesi meremmetine bin iki yüz ve cehennemin tathîrine beş yüz akçe ve kapı tahtalarına ve direklerine dört yüz akçe ve hamam kızdırması için dört günde hark olunan oduna iki bin beş yüz akçe ve batalyasına sekiz yüz akçe cem‘an on sekiz bin elli akçe sarf u harc olunmuşdur. Meblağ-ı merkūma tahammül mukarrerdir deyû haber verip ve sâir bî-garaz Müslümanlar dahi vech-i meşrûh üzre icmâ‘ vü ittifâk ettiklerini mevlânâ-yı mûmâ-ileyh mahallinde tahrîr ve mahfil-i kazâda takrîr etmeğin, mâ hüve’l-vâki‘ gıbbe’t-taleb ketb ü tahrîr olundu. Tahrîr fi’l-yevmi’s-sâdis ve’l-ışrîn min Saferi’l-hayr li sene seb‘a ve ışrîn ve elf.
1634:
Vakf-ı Âsûde Sultan
Vakf-ı merhûme Âsûde Sultan, der-İstanbul, der-tahvîl-i Mehmed Efendi kāimmakām, gurre-i Muharrem sene 1044 ilâ-gāyeti Cemâziyelâhir sene-i minh.
Deyn-i vakf-ı İlyas Hammamî? vakf-ı mezbûr: 22.449
vakfı
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I firstly thought it was daughter of Murad III, because he had thirty daughters by 1595, so I assumed one was called like this, especially knowing some of them received undynastical common names, such as Saime, Abide...
But, then I found in source Mecmuâ-i tevârih by Ayvansarayi, on page 176:
ÂSÜDE SULTÂN : Sultân Selîm-i evvel zamanında mevcûd olup Âşık Paşa Câmî’i kurbünde müstakil kubbeli türbede defn olunup tâk-ı dergâhında olan manzûmede vâki’ târîh-i vefatı budur : Ruhuna rahmet sene 917 (1511/1512) ve kafiyesi dahi sene-i mezbûrede tescil olunmuştur. Kabri kurbünde bir mektep olup Ketencilerbaşı’nda vâki’ Sultân Hamamı anın vakfının musakkafatındandır.
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Was she actually one of unknown daughters of Bayezid II? Wet nurse who breastfed Bayezid II was called Asude, so it could easily be...
Whose daughter was she, of Murad III or Bayezid II, I am still not sure...
If it's true she lived "during the times of Sultan Selim" then she must have been related to Bayezid II in some way, not necessarily as one of his daughters.
Do you have a picture of the letter that you said you saw. I mean the letter that Ozlem Kumrular used as a source of information about Kösem that she was Ahmed”s wife. You answered somewhere that you saw the letter but it was in Ottoman Language. Can I see it? 🥰
It seems the Venetian Archive took those documents down.
Hello! I was wondering who the actress is in this post: https://www.tumblr.com/ottomanladies/172211902242/kaya-ismihan-sultan-was-an-ottoman-princess-and?source=share
I've been searching but can't seem to get an answer online as to who she might be.
Thank you for your time! Hope your day/night goes well!
