A Dermatologist’s Take- Is the Best PMU Machine Also the Safest?
Permanent Makeup, or PMU, has seen many changes. The refinement of pigments, updates in methods of applying pigments using machines, better quality controls on the equipment used to apply them and advancements in how those machines operate have all played a part in the ongoing evolution of PMU.Â
As a dermatologist who evaluates PMU results, I am often asked whether a PMU machine is “better” because it uses more advanced technology. For example, does an advanced torque design with a long stroke, a silent motor, adjustable speeds, and an ergonomic design mean it is a safer PMU machine?Â
The answer is not cut-and-dry; there is no easy answer - but see below for more explanation.
First, what defines a “best” PMU machine?Â
Manufacturers promote their machines based on factors such as torque, stroke length, motor quietness, adjustable speed, & ergonomics. Some manufacturers, such as ibow, invest heavily in research and development to continually improve the performance of their machines. However, PMU safety is a multidimensional concept and cannot reside solely on the machine hardware.
PMU Safety can be classified according to three basic pillars: machine quality, practitioner skill, and infection control procedures.
High-quality machines with reliable, predictable needle movement will result in less trauma to the skin during pigment implantation; therefore, using machines with high-quality components and proven certifications is extremely important. Machines constructed poorly or inconsistently will cause unpredictable needle movement, overheating of the needle, and inconsistent penetration depths during implantation. Ultimately, no matter how high-end a machine's specifications are, you cannot fully prevent infection by simply using high-end machines if you reuse needles and/or do not provide a clean environment during PMU.
Practitioner's competence
An excellent device can be hazardous when used by an untrained individual. Depth, angle, pressure, and pigment choice all relate to knowledge of anatomy and skin healing.Â
PMU specialist Dr. Gunjan Shah states, “The safety of a machine is only as good as the individual using it.”Â
Practitioners need to know contraindications for all procedures, provide appropriate consultations with their clients, and respond to potential complications.Â
Ongoing training & development, along with realistic expectations, are fundamental.
Infection Control & Materials
Single-use cartridges, including all disposable supplies, must be sterile, and the pigment must be the proper formula. Correct preparation of the skin for tattooing (chemical or physical), disposal of needle tips and gloves, and creation of a clean work environment also reduce the potential for adverse events.Â
Just like with the above, “Safety results from many small behaviours.” An Industry-Grade Motor will not provide a degree of protection from contaminated pigments when applied to a client.
Regularly scheduled maintenance of machines reduces the risk of mechanical problems. Calibration, sanitisation, or replacing parts will keep a machine operating at peak efficiency.Â
Instructions provided to clients on how to properly care for their tattoos and appropriate follow-up after the procedure will greatly affect the overall health (result) and satisfaction (client's perception) of the healed tattoo compared to its appearance on the day it was inked.
So, when can you be confident that your machine is both safe and efficient? When it has a design that is inherently ergonomic and reduces user mistakes (e.g., deep control that is consistent; 1-time use; sterile components), and has parented maintenance and sterilisation guidelines that are easy to understand, it significantly supports patient safety. However, the machine that works best does not replace the responsible clinical practices.
Practical guidelines for professionals and/or clients
Verify the usage of single-use needles/carts in a sealed package.
Confirm that the machine has an established history of maintenance, certification, and/or verification from the manufacturer.
Inquire whether the practitioner has received training and has a protocol for adverse reactions.
Verify that the studio adheres to infection control protocols in accordance with applicable standards.
Request realistic before/after results and an aftercare plan.
Expert recommendations, Dr. Gunjan Shah states, “Technology will always assist, not substitute for clinical judgment. Choose machines that allow the operator to perform in a safe manner, and invest more in training and protocols.” She also reminds the clients, “The experience of having a calm atmosphere with clearly stated consent and follow-up care is much more important to the final outcome than the technically advanced motor.”
Things to Keep in Mind Along Your Journey
“Protecting yourself is free; protecting somebody else is priceless.”
“An experienced, trained technician with a common tool will always do better than an inexperienced technician with the flashiest piece of equipment.”
The best PMU Machine can play a significant role in protecting you and your clients; however, it is not a guarantee of safety. Safety is not just having a high-tech, dependable PMU Machine (like those manufactured by ibowl), but rather part of an entire safety system comprised of quality equipment, professional training, proper sanitation practices, and proper aftercare, resulting in consistently safe outcomes. Choose carefully; whenever there is any doubt in your mind, the facility's safety standards or the technician's experience should take precedence over any marketing claims.
