His neighbors celebrated. But Dov Levin feared what was to come.
In a surprise attack against its former ally, Germany invaded the Soviet Union #OnThisDay in 1941. Known as Operation Barbarossa, it was the largest German military operation of World War II.
Dov's family was living in Soviet-occupied Lithuania during the invasion. Many of their neighbors welcomed the end of Soviet occupation, even greeting the Germans with flowers.
"We closed our shutters, lowered our curtains, and locked ourselves up in our homes," recalled Dov. As Jews, his family dreaded what might happen to them under Nazi German control.
The Nazi attack on the Soviet Union marked a major turning point in the Holocaust. Soon, Nazi units and their allies and collaborators began shooting entire Jewish communities.
In August 1941, Dov and his family were forced into the Kovno ghetto. He evaded roundups, but his parents and twin sister, Basia, were deported in October 1943. They did not survive.
Shortly before Dov left the ghetto to join resistance fighters in the forest, he gave this photograph to his girlfriend, Rifkale. She hid it in the sole of her shoe and kept it with her while imprisoned in a concentration camp. She returned the photo to Dov when they reunited in 1984. Continue reading
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