The blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) can produce low-frequency vocalizations (often called “songs” or “calls”) that reach up to 188 decibels (dB) underwater.
• These sounds are typically in the range of 10–40 Hz, which is below the threshold of human hearing.
• These vocalizations can be detected across hundreds of miles, even up to 500–1,000 km (310–620 miles) under ideal ocean conditions.
The 188 dB measurement is in water, where the reference pressure is different than in air.
• Underwater decibels (re: 1 μPa) aren’t directly comparable to decibels in air (re: 20 μPa). To compare:
• 188 dB in water is roughly equivalent to 140–150 dB in air.
• Still incredibly loud—louder than a jet engine at takeoff (~130 dB).
These calls help blue whales communicate across vast distances, possibly for navigation, mating, or coordinating migration.
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