Everything You Need To Know About: Bulimia Nervosa
1) What is Bulimia Nervosa?
This is the first and probably most important question that people ask when it comes to Bulimia. There are so many misconceptions about Bulimia and I can promise you that Bulimia isn’t about pretty thin girls making themselves throw up once in awhile. Bulimia is an eating disorder that can affect people of all ages, genders and weights. According to the NHS:
“Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder and a mental health condition. People who have Bulimia try to control their weight by severely restricting the amount of food they eat, then binge eating and purging the food from their body by making themselves vomit or using laxatives. As with other eating disorders, Bulimia Nervosa can be associated with:
I read a quote on the edinstitute blog that said something along the lines of an eating disorder developing when a person misidentifies food as a threat and this couldn’t be more true. Purging is the most recognizable sign of Bulimia and is a behaviour driven by guilt and fear of food. What people with Bulimia struggle to understand is that purging is a form of restriction; we binge because we’ve restricted our intake to the point where our body is in starvation mode and is left feeling ravenous to the point where we lose all control, and so we purge to undo this mistake because we are so disgusted with ourselves and believe that purging will enable us to regain this control. However, purging leaves our body starving again, which is intensified when we restrict our food intake, and so we inevitably return to bingeing. Do you see how the cycle develops?
2) What are the signs and symptoms?Â
that you hate your body, or that you are fat
scared of being found out by family and friends
lonely, especially if no one else knows
like your mood changes quickly or suddenly
like you’re stuck in a cycle of feeling out of control and trying to gain control back
numb, or like feelings are blocked out by bingeing and purging
eating an abnormally large amount of food in a short space of time (bingeing)
trying to get rid of the food you’ve eaten by purging through self induced vomiting or laxatives
starving yourself between binge/purge episodes
eating foods you think are bad for you during a binge
exercising a lot to make up for bingeing
calorie counting, body checking, weighing obsessivelyÂ
3) What are the health complications?
Bulimia Nervosa is detrimental to the body. Here are some of the physical complications associated with Bulimia:
dental problems from persistent vomiting
inflammation of the esophagus
poor skin and hair from lack of nutrients
chemical imbalance, potentially leading to tiredness, weakness, abnormal heart rhythms, kidney damage, convulsions (fits) and muscle spasms
4) Why do people develop Bulimia?
Sadly, this question doesn’t have a straight forward answer. On the surface it is developed out of the fear of food and gaining weight, however more complex reasons also contribute. People can develop Bulimia as a result of low self-esteem, depression and stress. People may develop the illness following a traumatic experience such as death, divorce or abuse and use it as a way of coping.
5) How can I help someone with Bulimia?
The most important thing you can do to help someone to help someone with an eating disorder is to educate yourself on the thing they’re struggling with. Know that they have not developed this eating disorder out of choice, and feel guilty and horrible enough already without having other people asking them why they’re “doing this to themselves”. If they haven’t sought help already, encourage them to speak to their GP. Whether they wish to receive treatment or not it’s important for them to get blood tests done to see if they’ve done any harm to their body because health complications can develop rapidly with Bulimia. Choose a time and place to speak to them when you won’t be interrupted and be clear and direct when expressing your concerns. The person might get defensive and angry and do everything in their will to deny that they have a problem, but please try to remain calm and know that this is the eating disorder talking. Make sure they know that you love and support them and you’re there for them to talk to when they’re ready. Don’t judge them.
Soon I’ll write a post on how to recover from Bulimia (what treatment is available, recovery motivations etc) but I thought I’d start with a general overview of what Bulimia Nervosa actually is for Mental Health Awareness Month. If you think there’s anything that needs adding to this post, please let me know! I got the majority of information from these two sites:
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bulimia/pages/introduction.aspx
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/eating-problems/#.WQjmfojyuM8