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Types of Testing

Testing is a technique of executing a software program to find errors in the application being developed. Testing is critical for deploying error-free software programs.There are many companies that provide testing services. Software testing is broadly categorized into two types; Functional and Non-Functional testing.

Functional testing:

Functional testing is a type of testing that validates the software application for its functional specifications or business requirements. It aims at checking each feature of the application by executing the test cases and matching the expected result with the actual result. There are various types of functional testing.

·       Unit Testing:

Unit Testing is a testing in which each component or module of the software project is tested. To conduct this testing, programming knowledge is necessary. Therefore, programmers perform unit testing.

·       Integration Testing:

Each unit of the software application is integrated into a unified functionality. These integrations are also tested to check whether they are functioning properly. This testing is known as integrated testing. The number of integrated tests is less compared to unit testing. Integration testing is four types i) top-down ii) bottom up iii) sandwich iv) big-bang.

·       Regression Testing:

When a new unit is added, there will be changes in the program. A regression testing ensures if the whole system functions properly after those modifications as per the requirements.  

·       Smoke Test:

A smoke test is a test that is performed to check if the application or the build is stable for further testing. It is also known as build verification testing or confidence testing. A smoke test can be done manually or automated depending on the organization’s needs.

·       Interface Testing:

The interface testing is done to test the user interface to ensure the customers do not face any challenges. The aim of UI tests is to check whether the user interfaces have been developed according to what is described in the requirements specifications document.

·       Acceptance Testing:

In this a system is tested for acceptability. The aim of this test is to evaluate the system’s compliance with the business requirements and assess whether it is acceptable for delivery.

·       System Test:

It is conducted to test an integrated application or build. The objective of the system test is to ensure the application of the system or build is as per the requirements.

Non-functional testing:

It is a type of testing that includes testing the non-functional attributes or requirements of the system like performance, reliability, security, scalability, and usability. The different types of Non-Functional Testing are as follows

·       Performance testing:

Performance testing is conducted to check if the performance of the application is as desired or not. The application performance is analyzed with the help of testing tools and if any issues or bugs are identified then they are fixed. By fixing those issues, you’ll be able to increase the performance of your software application.

·       Load testing:

Load testing is a testing that tests how much load a system can take before the software performance begins to degrade. By running load tests, we can know the capacity of taking the load of a system.

·       Security Testing:

The security test is conducted to find out the vulnerability of the software or the application in use. It is about to find all possible weaknesses of the system which might result in a loss of information at the hands of the employees.

·       Recovery testing:

Recovery testing involves checking whether the application can recover from crashes and how well it recovers. In this kind of test, testers observe how well the software can come back to the normal flow of execution.

·       Reliability Testing:

Reliability testing tells that the product is fault free and is reliable for its intended purpose. It is about exercising an application so that failures are discovered before the system deployed.

·       Install Testing:

Install testing is done to check if the application or the software is installed with all the desired features and functionalities. This testing is also done in the last phase of the STDC before the end-user gets access to the application.

·       Volume Testing:

The volume testing checks the system behaviour for the massive volume of data processed and the response time of the application/software. The large data volume can impact the performance if timely testing is not done.

·       Localization Testing:

Localization testing assures that the software or the application behaves as per the local settings. In simple terms, the application or software behaves as per the customization.

Some Common Types of Testing

·       Manual Testing

It is testing done without using any automated tool or any script. In this type of testing, the tester takes over the role of an end-user and tests the software to identify any unexpected behaviour or bug.

·       Automated Testing:

Automated testing is a method in which specialized tools are utilized to control the execution of various tests and the verification of the results is automated. This testing compares the actual results against the expected results. It is used to re-run the test scenarios that were performed manually, quickly, and repeatedly.