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hello ap nerds! since it's that time of year again.... here are my ap psychology and ap biology notes from when i studied for the exams (i got a 5 and 3, respectively)

p.s. the ap tests are never as hard as the class they follow a very predictable structure and generally test on the same things every year, so it’s 100% possible to do ok if you study p.p.s pls stop asking me to do your homework for you! i graduated nearly two years ago i am done with homework

#ap bio #ap biology #ap psych #ap psychology

Explain, in your own words, what an operational definition is and give an example of an operational definition for a variable that might be of interest to a psychologist.

guys come on i graduated last year i’m not going to do your homework for you this took m e three seconds to google

#you can do it!! i believe in you #asks

please help. A researcher found that there is a positive correlation between living in a house with more than two bathrooms and grades earned. Based on this observation, why is it not possible to conclude that having more bathrooms causes higher grades? What are some alternative explanations for the observed correlation?

a house with more than two bathrooms is an indicator a wealthassume that wealthier families can afford tutoring (or send their kid to a better school in the first place), revision books, and other educational supplements

#i thought asks were turned off #whatever here u go #asks #ap psychology #ap psych

Your blog is the shit, I just started Psychology and your blog is by far better than any website I have ever been to help me understand some of the concepts. Thank you for the help. =]

I’m glad you found it useful!! Study hard and do your best!

#asks #antonioking

Have you read the novel one flew over the cuckoo's nest ?

I have not, not for school or pleasure!

Don't know how I didn't see your blog before, but this is so helpful. Thank you! I am taking an Intro to Bio course in college and your index helped reinforce all the lectures. :)

Probably because it isn't AP season anymore, haha. I'm glad it was useful though!! :)

guys guys guys

How did you do?!

#ahhh i'm so glad it's over #i hope you've done well!!!

hi~ in your opinion, which are some good books/books you like to use to study for aps and sats? thank you!!

Hi! My favourite books for last minute AP test studying (read: HELP I PROCRASTINATED ALL YEAR AND THE TEST IS IN TWO WEEKS OHGAWD) are REA's Crash Course books! I've used them to help me study for the AP Biology, Psychology, and US History exams.

They're really good because they focus on information that is repeatedly tested on the AP tests. They're very concise and outline the things you absolutely need to know for the exams. They don't cover everything on the exam, but they usually nail the majority of it.

Also, when I took AP Language, our teacher copied a lot of excerpts out of a Princeton Review book. That's about all the experience I have with the Princeton Review, but I've heard good things about it - though it seems to be really extensive. As I live in an area where ACT scores are used for colleges more than SATs, I've never taken any SATs! I wish I could be more helpful there.A good place to lurk/ask about what to use to study for specific AP tests or even your SATs would be collegeconfidential. Their forums are usually full of old threads and helpful people!

#asks

you dont have tags for history and approaches and methods for ap psychology index? :[

I don't! I've been pretty lazy since exams and school let out, and still need to fill some things in. D:

#asks

cultural biases

individualistic cultures emphasise independence and personal responsibility ex: United States

people in individualistic cultures are more likely to commit both the fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias

collectivist cultures emphasise interdependence and collective responsibility ex: China or Japan

people in collectivist cultures are less likely to make the fundamental attribution error and are more likely to be aware of situational factors influencing behaviour

#social psychology #ap psych #ap psychology #cultural biases #individualistic cultures #collectivist cultures

self-serving bias

self-serving bias: taking credit for your success while at the same time attributing your failures to things beyond your control ex: if you get a good score on the ACT, you'll probably say it's because you studied hard - but if you get a low score, you're more likely to blame the test-taking conditions or tricky questions CAUSES -

most people have a need for self-esteem and a desire to save face

people are more aware of situational factors that influence their behaviour

#social psychology #ap psych #ap psychology #self-serving bias

For ap psych can you explain the attribution theory, william schatner and phineas gage?

I'm assuming by attribution theory, you mean the fundamental attribution error? I literally just made a post on this, haha! Great timing. I have this and this on the fundamental attribution error. If this doesn't clear things up, hit me up more specifically and I'll see what I can do for you! :)William Shatner is an actor and doesn't really have anything to do with psychology? He was in a movie called the Tenth Level that was kind of about obedience experiments - like Stanley Milgram stuff. Other than that, I've got nothing. I tried googling variations of the name and got nothing relevant to psychology, sorry! D: As for Phineas Gage, he's pretty notable when it comes to neuroscience! This is a really interesting article, if you're up for a long read. He was a construction worker who survived a really crazy accident - a crowbar went completely through his head and demolished most of his left frontal lobe! Fungus grew on his brain, he went into a bit of a coma, and his personality changed drastically, etc etc.

#asks #exspectare

fundamental attribution error

fundamental attribution error: tendency to over-emphasise dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors when making attributions about the cause of another person's behaviour

dispositional factors include personality traits, like motivation or willingness to work

situational factors refer to social influences, like absent parents or peer pressure

CAUSES -

the just-world phenomenon: believing that people get what they deserve, and that the world is just and fair - helps explain the tendency of people to blame the victim instead of looking at social causes

saliency bias: situational factors aren't as noticable as dispositional factors, leading people to focus more on personality than social context

#ap psych #ap psychology #social psychology #Fundamental Attribution Error #just-world phenomenon #saliency bias

biomedical therapies

effective for treating: - bipolar disorders - depression * availability of new drugs allows mental hospitals to deinstitutionalise and release patients much more freely than in the past * biomedical drugs relieve many symptoms, BUT they do not cure the underlying disorder and can have many negative side-effects, and patients can become physically dependent on the drugs

#treatment of abnormal behaviour #ap psych #ap psychology #biomedical therapy #therapy

electroconvulsive therapy

two electrodes are placed on the outside of the patient's head, and a moderate electrical current is passed through the brain

used to treat serious cases of depression

works faster than drugs - used to treat suicidal patients

#treatment of abnormal behaviour #ap psych #ap psychology #electroconvulsive therapy #therapy #biomedical therapy

psychopharmacology

psychopharmacology: the study of how drugs affect behaviours/mental processes

anti-anxiety drugs - reduce anxiety and produce relaxation by lowering sympathetic activity in the brain - ex: Valium, Xanax

anti-psychotic drugs - diminish/eliminate hallucinations, delusions, and other symptoms of schizophrenia - also known as neuroleptics or major tranquilisers -decrease dopamine activity in the brain - long term use of these drugs can lead to tardive dyskinesia - a movement disorder characterised by involuntary movements of the tongue, facial muscles, and limbs

mood-stablising drugs - treat the combination of manic episodes and depression that characterise bipolar disorders - ex: Lithium

antidepressants - treat depression by inhibiting the neurotransmitter serotonin - ex: Prozac

#ap psych #ap psychology #psychopharmacology #therapy #drugs #treatment of abnormal behaviour

biomedical therapies

biomedical therapies: use drugs/electroconvulsive therapy to treat psychological disorders

usually a psychiatrist must prescribe biomedical therapies

#ap psych #ap psychology #therapy #treatment of abnormal behaviour #biomedical therapy

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