Plan for 18 marker G/D
Using material...assess the view that western models of education are not appropriate for most developing countries (18 marks)
Western Model of education is meritocratic, state funded (taxes), free and compulsory
No they aren't appropriate:
People centred approach- western education destroys indigenous cultures and knowledge systems (what they learn to do in their specific country, what fruits are the best for certain medicines etc), this type of education leads to a cash economy and ignores social and cultural or even environmental development.
Neo-Liberals- state funded education increased tax burden which inhibits entrepreneurship and prevents investment from TNC because tax burden of businesses might be increased. Whilst education is important, it should be privately funded.
Dependency theory- undermines knowledge systems, assumes western knowledge (curriculum) is superior, e.g colonial history may present developed world as superior/better. The idea of superiority marginalises the traditional values and replaces them with western values which might not help them as there is a value conflict. Illusion of free education; state funded education is fine (teachers and buildings), but there are hidden costs (travel, textbooks, materials, uniforms etc) which they are burdened with.
Yes they are appropriate:
Modernisation theory- meritocratic model is best way to educate – most skilled people get most important jobs, plus – creates aspirations in people to work harder. For example, Apple go into other countries and get staff, the most skilled workers get the most skilled roles. Or call centres employ lots of people and the ones who can speak the best English get the highest paid roles. So in Apple they could encourage people to learn English to be promoted. boosts labour production – economic development.
Hoselitz- meritocracy leads to values changing (collectivism to individualism), individualism allows people to be geographically mobile.
People centred approach- suggest basic literacy and numeracy is essential to avoid exploitation- less willing to accept long working hours and low pay, which increases quality of life and raises living standards.