#adrenal

[rhythmsquid]

[1introvertedsage]

[nature-godsgardenofeden]

stress reducing foods ♥ foods that support adrenal function, helping to decrease cortisol

[nerdnursing]

Adrenal Glands

Hi again! Welcome to a crash course of the adrenal glands brought to you directly from my lecture notes.

Before we jump into it, there’s two very important hormones that are secreted from the adrenal cortex. These are going to be the backbone of your major dysfunctions. 

Aldosterone

Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid that maintains extracellular fluid balance by sodium and water reabsorption and potassium excreted by the kidneys. 

Cortisol

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that affects the body’s response to stress, immune function, nutrition, sodium and water balance, and emotional balance. Also keep in mind that when cortisol levels are low, glucose levels are low. 

With that out of the way, lets go over a rough adrenal anatomy. 

You’ve got two parts to the gland.

Adrenal Cortex

This makes up 90% of the gland

It secretes 3 types of hormones

mineralocorticoids

glucocorticoids

sex hormones

Adrenal Medulla

This makes up the other 10%

Secretes catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) 

On to dysfunction!

Adrenal Hypofunction -- Addison’s Disease

Causes:

Primary

autoimmune

aids/infection

adrenalectomy

abdominal radiation therapy

drugs

cancer

Secondary

hypophysectomy

brain/pituitary radiation

sudden cessation of glucocorticoid therapy

Manifestations:

muscle pain/weakness

anorexia and weight loss

nausea

vomiting

diarrhea 

constipation

salt craving*

vitiligo or dark pigmentation of skin 

hair loss

emotional lability/depression/apathy

Lab Findings:

hyponatremia* (remember the salt craving?), hyperkalemia, and hypovolemia

In Addison’s Disease, you have a lack of aldosterone and cortisol? Remember what these hormones do? Maintain fluid volume. Therefore, these lab finding make sense when you think in terms of fluid volume deficit

increased BUN

decreased cortisol and aldosterone (obviously)

higher risk of developing hypoglycemia 

Interventions:

frequent vital signs -- sometimes up to q15 minutes

reduce physical activity/minimize stress

cardiac assessment for changes 

fluid replacement

sodium replacement

IV glucose/insulin (to treat hyperkalemia) 

hormone replacement

prednisone

cortisone

hydrocortisone

fludrocortisone

Common NANDAs for Addison’s Disease

Risk for decreased cardiac output

Deficient fluid volume

Fatigue

Cardiac function is a nursing priority because of hyperkalemia

[grandschemed]

@adrenal​ sent in 💛 for anna & meg.

run, rabbit, run, rabbit, run, run, run. don’t be afraid of the farmer’s gun.

[vetricular-techycardia]

Kidney and large adrenal mass interwoven with the renal vessels.

[mdamoun]

No matter what our age is, there is always a child within us who gets excited once in a while. Outdoor ride parks are few of these places where we just get the opportunity to unwind ourselves without having any second thoughts - or at least are with least resistance to the idea and #experience the #adrenal which we cherish from our childhood. This picture of chair swing was taken while we were enjoying our stay in #Genting #highland #park . From my travel archive. . Photography Details: #Canon #DSLR FL: 18mm; 1/200 Sec at f/9.0; ISO 100 . . . #travelphoto #travelworld #keepexploring #globe_travel #theglobewanderer #letsgosomewhere #exploretheglobe #instatraveling #igtravel #travelblog #instago #mytravelgram #travelingram #sharetravelpics #worldtravelpics #stayandwander #canonpakistan #earthfocus #ddl #travelstoke #canonasia #gentinghighland #malaysia https://www.instagram.com/p/Booz8fgH1Lu/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1p5dq240qdilu

[wholeads-moved-blog]

Who are your friends? Do you have a best friend? Describe these people.

@adrenal  /  let  me  talk  about  The  Boy™ 

               ❝    my  friends  ?    well   —    the  others  ,  of  course  .   ❞    a  blink  of  simplicity  is  followed  by  tilting  head  at  such  a  specific  question  ,  as  if  the  answer  could  ever  be  anything  else  .  ❝    my  best  friend  ?    ❞    brows  furrow  at  the  first  thought  that  pops  into  his  mind   —    david  .  ❝    claude  or  meg  ,  they’re  both  my  best  friends  .    i  don’t  know  what  i’d  do  without  either  of  them  in  my  life  .    ❞    a  soft  laugh  is  quickly  exhaled  ,  shy  smile  lighting  normally  serious  visage  .  ❝    meg  was  the  first  survivor  i  ever  met  in  here    &    we’ve  been  inseparable  ever  since  !    she’s  so  impulsive    &    ready  to  go  at  all  times  ,  reminds  me  a  lot  of  my  older  sister  ,  dana  .    meg’s  like  a  little  sister  to  me  ,  i’d  do  anything  for  her  .    &    claude  ?    oof  ,  she’d  never  admit  it  but  she’s  one  of  the  bravest  people  i’ve  ever  met  !    even  in  the  face  of  danger  she’d  do  everything  in  her  power  to  help  someone  ,  even  a  killer  .    that  takes  a  level  of  compassion  that  most  people  don’t  have  the  strength  to  show  .    ❞