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من المخلفات إلى مستحضر تجميلي.. مشروع طلبة القاهرة ينتج سيرم مضادًا للشيخوخة
في خطوة مبتكرة نحو تعظيم الاستفادة من المخلفات الزراعية، قدمت مجموعة من طالبات كلية الزراعة بجامعة القاهرة – قسم التكنولوجيا الحيوية – مشروعًا بحثيًا بعنوان: “Production Anti-Aging Serum from Pomegranate Peels and Grape Seeds Wastes”، يستهدف تحويل نفايات زراعية إلى منتج تجميلي ذي قيمة اقتصادية وعلاجية مرتفعة. ويضم فريق العمل: نغم وليد عبدالحميد، ملك مسعد عبدالتواب، مريم أيمن علي، ومريم أيمن محمد،…
Freshwater clam is among the many aquatic organisms that possessed many medical and biological effects. Several factors may affect the growth of phytoplankton, and so will likewise affect the secondary metabolites present. The study aimed to determine the crude extract yields, zoochemical profiles, and the antioxidant activities of the freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) using ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane as extracting solvents. Established test procedures were used to test the presence of prominent groups of zoochemicals. The antioxidant activity was assayed using free radical scavenging activities on 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydraziyl (DPPH˙) radical. The results showed that the crude extract yield using ethanol (120.49±0.35 mg/g) is significantly higher than ethyl acetate (98.09±0.43) and hexane (82.81±0.06). The following secondary metabolites were found, namely: terpenoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. The presence of phenolic substances and maybe other substances account for the antioxidant activities. Results of the study revealed that the scavenging effects of the crude extracts were in a concentration-dependent manner. Ethyl acetate extract showed the highest scavenging activity expressed as percentage inhibition, 30.25% at the highest tested concentration (1000 ppm) and 24.47% for the lowest tested concentration (100 ppm) while hexane extract showed the lowest scavenging activity with 25.52% (1000 ppm), and 19.08% (100 ppm). The three crude extracts of the freshwater clam demonstrate considerable antioxidant effects making the clam a promising nutritional food. As a health-promoting food, it will not just provide proteins, lipids, and others, but also remedies for oxidative stress.
Freshwater clam is among the many aquatic organisms that possessed many medical and biological effects. Several factors may affect the growth of phytoplankton, and so will likewise affect the secondary metabolites present. The study aimed to determine the crude extract yields, zoochemical profiles, and the antioxidant activities of the freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) using ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane as extracting solvents. Established test procedures were used to test the presence of prominent groups of zoochemicals. The antioxidant activity was assayed using free radical scavenging activities on 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydraziyl (DPPH˙) radical. The results showed that the crude extract yield using ethanol (120.49±0.35 mg/g) is significantly higher than ethyl acetate (98.09±0.43) and hexane (82.81±0.06). The following secondary metabolites were found, namely: terpenoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. The presence of phenolic substances and maybe other substances account for the antioxidant activities. Results of the study revealed that the scavenging effects of the crude extracts were in a concentration-dependent manner. Ethyl acetate extract showed the highest scavenging activity expressed as percentage inhibition, 30.25% at the highest tested concentration (1000 ppm) and 24.47% for the lowest tested concentration (100 ppm) while hexane extract showed the lowest scavenging activity with 25.52% (1000 ppm), and 19.08% (100 ppm). The three crude extracts of the freshwater clam demonstrate considerable antioxidant effects making the clam a promising nutritional food. As a health-promoting food, it will not just provide proteins, lipids, and others, but also remedies for oxidative stress.
Mushroom cultivation is one of the most profitable business and environment friendly enterprises, with the various horticultural crops in India. In the current investigation focused on the cultivation of edible mushroom with two different agricultural waste substrates were performed. The two types of raw materials such as paddy straw and sugar cane trash were used for cultivation of Pleurotus florida and Hypsizygus ulmarius. Growth and yield parameters of P. florida was initiated from I, II and III harvested stages were observed. The first harvest mushroom in both was excellent growth and weight when compared with the other two harvests. The total yield of edible mushrooms in paddy straw was maximum production than that of sugarcane trash respectively. Whereas H. ulmarius mushroom was moderate growth yield were performed. The biological efficiency of H. ulmarius grows with paddy straw was maximum yield found to be recorded than sugarcane trash substrate respectively. However, the paddy straw substrate was excellent for cultivation of mushroom when compared with sugarcane trash substrates. Maximum fruit bodies were harvested when P. florida were cultivated in paddy straw substrates Qualitative insights of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, amino acids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, phlobatannins, quinones, saponin, steroids, tannin and terpenoids were screened from P. florida and H. ulmarius with four different solvents were used for extraction. Among the four solvents extracts of the diethyl ether using P. florida showed maximum bioactive compounds like alkaloids, amino acids, coumarines, glycoside, phenols, phlobatannins, quinones, saponin, steroids, tannin and terpenoids recorded respectively. These bioactive compounds are responsible for many biological properties in our day today life. Hence, these bioactive compounds are responsible for many nutraceutical properties are described in mushrooms for prevention of various diseases including hypertension for the human era.
Ants are one of the diverse groups of insects and are less explored reservoirs of many bioactive natural products, including proteins and peptides. This study was conducted to characterize the compounds of the worker ant, Leptogenys diminuta (Smith, 1857). Hence, this study will demonstrate the importance of ants as a potential source of bioactive compounds found in nature. Thirty samples of L. diminuta were extracted using hexane solution and the compounds were detected using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS), and the mass spectra of compounds were identified using the NIST08 Standard Reference Database. The analysis identified seven bioactive compounds from L. diminuta with pharmacological and industrial applications, including the first reports of the presence of 2,4-ditert-butylphenol in Ponerine worker ant’s hexane extract. Thus, more studies are needed to explore other essential natural products with various applications found in ants.
Seaweeds are vital resources with economic, societal, and environmental values. These are inhabited in different climatic zones of the oceans. The major factors affecting seaweed distribution are temperature, tidal height, salinity, sea level rise, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Typically, seaweeds are considered a critical source of bioactive compounds that have broad applications in food, cosmetic, medical, and agricultural fields. Presently, nanomaterials are gaining more attraction in medicine, environment, and food and cosmetic industry. Several metallic nanoparticles (silver and gold) are synthesized from seaweeds. The yield of the bioactive compounds mainly depends on the seaweed species and the extraction method employed. Hence, updated knowledge on these aspects is required for further research. Based on the research outcomes published in journals indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and regional journals, this review addresses (a) the extraction of bioactive compounds present in seaweeds, (b) the applications of the bioactive compounds obtained from seaweeds, (c) synthesis and applications of biochar and nanomaterials, and (d) application of seaweed extract for crop growth.
This study investigated the effects of Moringa pods (Moringa oleifera) and Katakataka leaves (Kalanchoe pinnata) extracts on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a bacterium often causing skin infections. The researchers prepared ten treatments using a 95% ethyl alcohol solution and dried plants, which were then tested for their inhibitory effects on S. aureus growth. The results showed that treatments with Moringa pods extract, both alone and combined with a medical patch, significantly inhibited S. aureus growth, with zones of inhibition measuring 2.4cm and 2.7cm respectively. Conversely, Katakataka leaves extract showed little to no inhibition and even seemed to facilitate S. aureus growth. Statistical analysis using One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test revealed significant differences between treatments, with those containing a higher percentage of Moringa pods extract proving more effective. This suggests that Moringa pods extract could be a potent natural-derived medical patch against S. aureus.
