BUTACHLOR INDUCED SERUM BIOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES CORRELATED WITH HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN INTESTINAL TISSUE OF Clarias batrachus (LINN.): In-vivo STUDY | UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
The aim of this study was to see how butachlor (2-chloro-2', 6'-diethyl-N - butoxymethyl) acetanilide affected serum total protein and glucose levels, as well as histopathological changes in the small intestine, especially in the proximal part (duodenum) of the walking catfish Clarias batrachus (Linn.). The experimental fishes were given sublethal doses (1.5 l/ L, or 1/36th of the LC50) for 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, after the 96 hour LC50 of butachlor for the fish was calculated using probit regression. By puncturing the caudal vein, blood samples were obtained in heparinized syringes, and serum was extracted according to standard protocol. The intestine's proximal section was dissected out and fixed in aqueous Bouin's fixative. Haemotoxylin and eosine were used to double stain paraffin spread bits, which were then placed in DPX and viewed using an Olympus 2000 trinocular compound microscope. Canon ISUS 130X digital camera was used to take light microphotographs. The total protein and glucose levels in the blood were measured according to standard procedures. In contrast to control fish, the LM analysis of intestinal tissues of treated fish revealed degeneration in the mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis mucosa area of the duodenum. Degeneration was evident in the tunica mucosa and sub mucosa layer after 7 and 14 days of butachlor exposure, as evidenced by erosion of villi brush borders and basal lamina, hypertrophy of goblet cells, appearance of a large number of vacuoles in the sub mucosa zone, and migration of lymphoid tissues in the lamina proporia. Butachlor exposure for a longer period of time (28 days) resulted in luminal widening, necrosis of goblet cells, roblet cells, and entero-endocrine cells. Aside from that, extensive haemorrhages and a congested absorptive area were clearly visible. In comparison to placebo, biochemical findings of treated fish revealed a substantial decrease in serum total protein and irregular fluctuations in glucose levels. The decreased absorption rate of protein by the altered intestinal enterocytes under butachlor stress can be linked to a substantial (p0.05) consistent decline in serum protein. As a result, elevated serum protein levels linked to histopathological changes in the proximal intestine of fish may be used as a bio-indicator of polluted waterways. Please see the link :- https://mbimph.com/index.php/UPJOZ/article/view/2067
