CHEMISTRY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Clark's Standard Cell A form of wet-chemical cell [more informally, "battery"] producing a highly stable voltage once used as a standard for electromotive force
Clark cells use a zinc, or zinc amalgam, anode and a mercury cathode in a saturated aqueous solution of zinc sulfate, with a paste of mercurous sulfate as depolarizer. _____________________________
Upper graphic: X - 1891: Benson John Lossing, ed. The New Popular Educator (London, England: Cassell & Company Limited)
Lower graphic: X - 1897: Physikalisches Praktikum mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der physikalischen-chemischen Methoden - von Eilhard Wiedemann und Hermann Ebert; Braunschweig, Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn; 1897 _____________________________
BATTERY: a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy.
MOST BASIC COMPONENT OF A BATTERY: two half-cells that are connected by a conductive electrolyte.
One half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which anions (negatively charged ions) migrate, i.e., the anode or negative electrode
The other half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which cations (positively charged ions) migrate, i.e., the cathode or positive electrode. [ X ]
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