#clinicalimaging

[bondeichbook]

Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis: A Practical Textbook for Clinicians, Fifth Edition 2022 “Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis represents the definitive and comprehensive text on the use of noninvasive imaging to evaluate vascular disease, reflecting the dramatic evolution of diagnostic techniques now essential in clinical and surgical practice.”

Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis: A Practical Textbook for Clinicians, Fifth Edition (2022) edited by Ali F. AbuRahma and Bruce A. Perler is the authoritative, expansive reference in noninvasive vascular imaging and diagnostics. This thoroughly updated fifth edition synthesizes the latest evidence and practical applications of noninvasive techniques — from duplex ultrasound and vascular hemodynamics to cerebrovascular, abdominal, and extremity vascular evaluation — making it indispensable for vascular laboratory personnel, internists, cardiologists, radiologists, vascular surgeons, and vascular medicine specialists. With exceptional illustrative material, detailed imaging strategies, and comprehensive literature review, the book emphasizes clinical application, diagnostic accuracy, and interpretation of noninvasive tests across a broad range of vascular disorders. Its scope reflects the rapidly growing use of noninvasive methods to diagnose and monitor circulatory diseases in both routine and complex clinical settings worldwide.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

Commentary of Sarcopenia and Postoperative Complications in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Commentary

The undoubted achievement of the authors of the article is the detailed literature review and scrupulous data collecting, which allowed researchers to identify multiply factors and analyze an impact of those on the outcome. The most appropriate design for this type of study is a multivariate analysis. Current study presents results of a several univariate comparisons using one-by-one comparison of separate risk factors affecting the outcome using the SPSS package. At the same time, age and gender of the patient - a major factors which could impact on the outcome - were not taken into account in the analysis. The results presented in the study lean on p-values given for factors that has categories, i.e. categorical variables - a stage or degree of severity (for example, BMI has 3 levels: Underweight, Eutrophy, Overweight, which obviously can have an opposite impact on the outcome). A question arises, which of those categories was used for the comparison giving single p-value and how this significance corresponds beside the levels of single risk factor. Also, the key question is how much the severity of Sarcopenia, which has 3 stages, affects the outcome. Authors should remember that this approach (direct comparison when combining all categories into one) the Simpson paradox could cause.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

Perspectives of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) as a Potential Therapeutic Intervention for Câncer

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the interaction between a photosensitizer, the appropriate wavelength, and oxygen leading to production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, which can damage the cellular organelles and cause cell death. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a tumor-ablative and function-sparing oncologic intervention. The relative simplicity of photosensitizer application followed by light activation resulting in the cytotoxic and vascular toxic photodynamic reaction has allowed PDT to reach a worldwide audience. With several commercially available photosensitizing agents now on the market, numerous well-designed clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of PDT on various cutaneous and deep tissue tumors. PDT has been widely used for many purposes’ great success. Although the therapeutic protocols regarding use of PDT in many diseases have not yet been standardized, and vary significantly between the different literature studies, PDT will likely continue to be explored thoroughly for use.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

Report the Effective of Integrated Palliative Care using for Advanced Cancer as Second-Line or Later Treatment by Herbal Extractive Medicine

Abstract

Background: The on-going treatments of unresectable pancreatic, hepatocellular and late-stage lung cancer (PC\HCC\LC) are less effectiveness as second-line or later treatment. However, the palliaitve care is alternative option. Here, we reported the patients who received palliative care by herbal extractive medicines (CHM).

Methods: 13 pancreatic, 31 hepatocellular and 168 lung cancer patients were enrolled. CHM (Senghuang, SH; Xianhe Baijiang, XB), which approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), hyperthermia and arginine were initiated. Survival time, quality of life (QOL) and toxicity were evaluated.

Result: The average ECOG score improved and no severe hematology and digestion side-effects were observed. In PC group, the median and the average survival time were 5.1 and 6.5 months; The 3-, 6-, and 10-month survival rates were 92.3%, 46.2%, and 30.8%, respectively. The longest survival time was 16.7 months and patient still alive. In HCC group, the average and median survival time were 12.48 and 5.03 months; The 3-, 6-, and 12-month survival time rates were 77.42%, 38.71%, and 29.03%, respectively. The longest survival time was 84.2 months. In LC group, the 6 months, 1-, 2- and 5-year survival time rates were 33.93%, 19.05%, 14.29% and 4.17%, respectively. Meanwhile, in lung cancer group, once the survival time was over 6 months, the average and median survival time were 29.98 and 14.80 months; and the 1-, 2- and 5-year survival time rates were up to 56.14%, 42.11% and 12.28%, respectively.

Conclusion: CHM can be considered as complementary and alternative medicine that provide moderate effective and low toxicity for advanced cancer.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

Survival Rate Estimation of Advanced Carcinoma Prostate Patients by using Bone Scan Quantitative Parameters

Abstract

There are several methods to-date which can be used to analyze the extent of such lesions. For example, quantitation of the bone scan using quantitation methods i.e. % BSI (Bone scan index), % PAB (Positive area on bone scans), EOD (extent of disease) and BLS (Bone lesion scoring). These methods are used for prognostication of survival and response to treatment on serial scans. 40 patients with histopathologically proved prostate cancer were chosen to implement all the four quantitative parameters on individual baseline bone scans and serial follow up scan were performed to calculate 2-years survival rate. After which, survival rate was calculated. The dataset was again analyzed using the four bone scan quantitative parameters and the cut off were calculated as % BSI: 1, % PAB: 0.5, EOD: grade 0 & 1, grade2, 3 & 4 and BLS: 5. It was found out that the %PAB and % BSI methods are good prognostic indicator in baseline scans. Moreover, the prostate cancer patients with the cut off % BSI >1, %PAB > 0.5, BLS >5 and EOD with grade 2, 3 & 4 showed increase risk of disease progression and less survival.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

1p and 19q Chromosomes Loss of Heterozygosity and Genetic Deletions Role in the Chemosensitivity of Oligodendrogliomas

Oligodendroglioma as a glial tumor originating from oligodendrocytes, is identified by positive stain for myelin basic protein and characterized by ‘fried-egg’ appearance histologically. It would be a low-grade tumor with slow growing pattern, but anaplasia and aggressive behavior also can be occurred. Due to the hemorrhage in the tumor, sometimes the tumor will be symptomatic abruptly. CT and MRI scans can be used to determine the tumor as it presents as a hypointense T1-lesion on MRI scans and a nonenhanced hypodense lesion on CT scans. The presence of enhancement can be a sign of a mixed oligoastrocytoma or a more aggressive tumor.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

Mutated Allele Fraction(MAF) of Epigenetically Driven Target Genes, A Biomarker Assay to Support Clinical Management in Solid Tumors Treated with Multi Targeted Epigenetic Therapy(MTET)

Background

Our current understanding of the epigenetic science has transformed our ability to deliver therapies more precisely to the epigenetic targets driving the tumor growth and disrupting its behavior. In concert with our efforts to regulate the transcription of altered genes involved in tumor biology, we have emphasized a range of epigenetically regulated genes that control the tumor key molecular targets, involved with its growth and metastasis.

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[irispublisherscancerresearch]

Comparison of Risk Factors and Molecular Analysis of Right-Sided Colon and Left Sided Colon Cancer

Abstract

Left and right colon cancer can be considered a really interesting model to deep understand what happen in a single apparatus and the related cancer phenomena. Environmental risk factors, hereditary syndromes and “sporadic” form added to 2 different kind of pathology (Left and right cancer) contribute to a real complex epidemiological situation. Aim of this work is to set 2 different kinds of “Toxic Pathologic“ factors that make possible with their gradient the development of these 2 kinds of cancer in the same part of an apparatus.

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