The possums that are texting from inside a Burmese python.
Some of Florida's opossums are dying for a noble cause: to hone in on signals coming from inside the Burmese pythons' stomachs in the Everglades. Burmese pythons remain one of the toughest ecological challenges facing wildlife conservationists in the United States. The invasive pythons have been hunted by robotic rabbits, but the snakes continue to decimate native animal populations since they were introduced in the 1970s by the tens of thousands after arriving for the exotic pet trade & were released or escaped from private owners. They were flashy, cheap ($20-$40) & sold in pet stores, flea markets & mail-order catalogs. The 20 inch hatchlings are only 20 inches (50 cm), but in just 3 years, they reach 10-12 feet (3-3.6 m). Most owners were not prepared for that, especially considering they can live 20-30 years. They need a room-sized enclosure because the pythons can break glass tanks. Overwhelmed owners released them into canals, reptile dealers dumped unsellable stock, breeders discarded surplus animals, & many snakes escaped from backyard enclosures. The invasion began with between 20-50 snakes released, & the current estimates of Burmese pythons are between 100,000 & 300,000.
Pythons are nocturnal, camouflaged, silent, submerged, or hidden most of the time since they live in seagrasses, mangroves & tree islands. They're nearly impossible to detect visually—enter the opossum tracking device. The possums are fitted with lightweight GPS-collars & pythons eat possums. But although the possum is eaten, the GPS signal keeps pinging from inside the snake. Researchers track the signal to the python's location even if it slithers away because it gives biologists a live breadcrumb trail of python movement & instead of searching 1.5 million acres of swamp, they follow a single GPS ping. A python that just ate a GPOS collar is guaranteed to be located.
The method is important because it disproportionately leads to large breeding females. After all, female pythons eat large prey like opossums more than males, & one female lays 30-60 eggs per year. She will have hundreds of offspring in her lifetime with thousands of descendants over generations, so getting just one female can really help control their ever-growing population. And they often will find the females at their nest site. Pythons have reduced the raccoon population by 99%, opossums by 98%, and bobcats by 88%. Marsh rabbits are now functionally extinct, deer have been severely reduced & birds have seen major declines. The Burmese pythons themselves have no known predator in the Everglades. The researchers are not putting possums in harm's way; harm's way is already there.