Cosmogloss pronouns
Ban: 1st person (I)
Dan: 2nd person (thou, you)
Gan: 3rd person animate (he/she/singular they/etc.)
Non: 3rd person inanimate, ‘thing’ (it)
Can: 4th person animate (one, generic you, generic they, ‘someone’)
Con: 4th person inanimate, ‘concept’ (often used as a dummy pronoun, ‘something’)
Van: verb pronoun (used when a noun in a sentence is the noun equivalent of the main verb, ex. ‘I like to speak a language’ -> ‘Ban kas tas van’ instead of ‘Ban kas tas tan’)
Nan: Reflexive pronoun (myself, yourself, oneself, etc.)
These can be turned into possessive pronouns by changing final -n to -k (ex. bak, dak, gak). Turning ‘gan’ into the adjective ‘gat’ can be used to say ‘this’.
While, I used singular pronouns for these examples, these can all be singular or plural, specified (if desired) by adding numbered adjectives:
Bot: single
Gyt: dual
Dit: paucal
Sut: plural
Lyt: all
Note that ‘we’ would not translate to ‘ban sut’ if the members within this ‘we’ are both physically and mentally separate; something such as ‘ban hep dan’ (I and you) or ‘ban hep gan’ (I and them) may be more appropriate in this situation. Using ‘ban sut’ to refer to you and someone else is claiming to speak for them and this can be offensive.
Other adjectives can be added to pronouns such as ‘gan fit’ to specify ‘she’ or ‘gan fot’ to specify ‘he’. It is considered weird (and in the case of gendered adjectives, possibly rude) to use these all the time; they are meant to be used when relevant or as a distinguisher.












