#cryptanusia

[addicted2wasps]

The mealybug has spoken...

Gotta love Cryptanusia!

[drhoz]

#1477 - Cryptanusia sp. - Mealybug Encyrtid

I had to get this photo off WaspWeb, since the photographs of the one spotted in Yanchep, north of Perth, by Shelly Jordan, were too fuzzy to use. Link to her surprisingly much sharper video here 

That didn’t stop me getting an ID, since the bladed antennae are pretty distinctive, but I did have to ask around - the Encyrtidae are not a very popularly-known family, but extremely important in the field of biological control. 

There’s at least 3700 described species in the family, and about 450 genera. Most are parasitoids of butterflies and moths, but details of the life history can be variable - some attack lepidopteran eggs, some attack caterpillars, others are parasites of existing parasites (and some Encyrtidae develop as parasitoids of ticks).  A number are used as biocontrol agents, but some are ecological threats- the endangered Jamaican Swallowtail loses over 3/4 of its young to Encyrtid parasites. 

Some species display "polyembryony" in which a single egg clones itself inside the host, eventually producing large numbers of identical adult wasps. But even more remarkably, some of the larvae never reach adulthood - they are soldiers, hunting down and killing unrelated larvae, to protect their smaller clone-siblings.

Cryptanusia aureiscutellum is an Australian species - one of about 5 in the genus - used in greenhouses and indoor plantings against longtailed mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus), parasitising the younger instars, or sucking out their juices. It was introduced to California for that purpose, but since it’s also showing up in Spain, it may well have spread much further than that. 

[drhoz]

Insect of Australian origin, photographed for the first time in Spain on 06/27/2011 by José Marín Herrera, and identified through the Virtual Insectarium portal of the Photography and Biodiversity platform, by Encyrticidae expert, Antoni Ribes Escolá on 02 / 08/2011. The average size of the insect is 1.5 mm, plus another millimeter its antennae. It is a parasite of the Pseudococcus or mealybugs, so it was introduced in California for the biological fight against them.