The massive revolutionary commitment of a fraction of Jewish youth in the early twentieth century cannot be equated with a flight from the Jewish world, an unqualified rejection of this world. This is clear enough as far as the Bundists and Poale Zion militants are concerned. But it is also true to a great degree of the communists—their commitment to the movement was not a sign of forgetting or denying their identity; they participated in it as Jews, drawing Jewish workers into the great movement of universal emancipation. The Polish Communist Party of the 1920s and 1930s was a party in which Jews were sufficiently numerous for the specific dimension of their struggle, their traditions and culture, to be taken into account. It was only later, after 1945, that Jewish communists in Poland began to 'Polonize' their names, could not hope to hold important positions if they did not have a Polish 'profile', and were driven to disguise their Jewish origins from their children. Even if the Polish Jewish communists of the 1930s believed in theory in assimilation, as they wrongly imagined that the USSR showed the way to a harmonious and peaceful assimilation of Jews with respect to their culture, the reality of the country in which they struggled rooted and consolidated them in their Jewish identity. Their battle, like that of the Bundists and the militants of Poale Zion, was both an indication and a factor of the dynamism of the world that had produced them.
Alain Brossat and Sylvie Klingberg, "Chapter 1: The Immense Pool of Human Tears," in Revolutionary Yiddishland: A History of Jewish Radicalism, trans. David Fernbach, EPUB ed. (New York, NY: Verso Books, 2016).