#diverticulum

[pathologybrainiac]

Invaginated Meckel's diverticulum.

Complications associated with Meckel's diverticulum: 1. Invagination 2. Ectopic tissue (gastric, pancreatic) ➡️ erosions, ulcers and bleeding 3. Diverticulitis 4. Neoplasm 

[kronieken]

Verloren geld

Er bestaat dus niet het minste bewijs dat de Romeinen een nederzetting hebben in de laaggelegen graslanden van Ieper, daar waar eeuwen later de ‘Burgus de Ipra’ zal gebouwd worden. Op een archeologische kaart van historicus Vander Maelen staat vermeld dat er in de buurt van Ieper Romeinse munten worden gevonden. Rond 1872 worden er in Ieper inderdaad verschillende stukken aardewerk opgegraven…

Verloren geld

[planetphil168]

First drop of alcohol since my surgeon had his harmonic scalpel buzzing away down my throat. Brilliant job doc 👍👍👍👍👍 #Lancashire #harmonicscalpel #pharangealsurgery #diverticulum #sonya6300 #pinotgrigio #prestontownecentre #royalboltonhospital #ent #earnoseandthroat (at Preston, Lancashire) https://www.instagram.com/p/B2H7rGxlrYM/?igshid=17bs7h790p2sr

[planetphil168]

First drop of alcohol since my surgeon had his harmonic scalpel buzzing away down my throat. Brilliant job doc 👍👍👍👍👍 #Lancashire #harmonicscalpel #pharangealsurgery #diverticulum #sonya6300 #pinotgrigio #prestontownecentre (at Preston, Lancashire) https://www.instagram.com/p/B2H7rGxlrYM/?igshid=16yxmbev1zvmx

[biomedres]

Journals on Medical Microbiology

Littre Hernia - An Occasional Cause Of Acute Abdomen by Jurij Janež in  Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) https://biomedres.us/fulltexts/BJSTR.MS.ID.000725.php

For more articles on biomedical open access journals please click here: https://biomedres.us/index.php

For bjstr journals 

[didanawisgi]

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of the association between body mass index (BMI) and physical activity and diverticular disease risk. PubMed and Embase databa

Conclusions

These results suggest that even moderate increases in BMI may increase the risk of diverticular disease as well as diverticular disease complications and that a higher level of physical activity may reduce the risk.

Discussion

To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis of BMI and physical activity in relation to risk of diverticular disease. There was a 28% increase in the relative risk of diverticular disease, a 31% increase in the relative risk of diverticulitis, and a 20% increase in the relative risk of diverticular disease complications for each 5 unit increase in BMI. In addition, there was a 24% reduction in risk of diverticular disease incidence for the highest vs. lowest level of physical activity and a 26% reduction in the risk of diverticulitis for the highest vs. lowest level of vigorous physical activity. The association between BMI and diverticular disease incidence appeared to be linear with a 15% increase in risk with a BMI of 22.5 kg/m2 compared to 20 kg/m2, a 50% increase in risk among overweight subjects, and an approximately 2- to 3-fold increase in risk in obese and severely obese subjects, respectively, while for diverticular disease complications there was an indication of nonlinearity and the lowest risk was observed at a BMI of 22 kg/m2, and a slight increase in risk was observed in the underweight BMI category. It is unclear whether the increased risk at low BMI represents reverse causation or simply is a chance finding as the number of studies in that analysis was small and because there was only one study which suggested an increased risk with a low BMI.

Our meta-analysis has some limitations, which may affect the interpretation of the results. It is possible that the positive association between BMI and diverticular disease could be due to unmeasured or residual confounding by other lifestyle factors, such as higher intakes of red meat, higher prevalence of smoking, or lower intake of dietary fiber. The results for BMI and physical activity persisted when stratified by adjustment for dietary fiber, meat, and smoking, and also persisted when mutually adjusted. Although there was evidence of heterogeneity in the analyses of BMI and physical activity in relation to diverticular disease risk, for BMI the heterogeneity appeared to be due to differences in the magnitude of the association rather than to differences in the presence or absence of an association, as all studies found increased risk, while for physical activity there was a moderate heterogeneity, which was partly explained by one outlying study. Most studies relied on self-reported height and weight, and although there may be some under-reporting of weight and over-reporting of height, most studies have found a high correlation between self-reported and measured height and weight [33]. Differences between studies in the identification and diagnosis of diverticular disease cases may also be a limitation as some cases may be asymptomatic or may only have mild symptoms. It is possible that detection bias could have influenced the findings because individuals with a greater BMI are generally more likely to be admitted to hospital and might also be more likely to undergo examinations that could lead to the diagnosis of diverticular disease. Most of the diverticular disease cases in the studies included in this meta-analysis would most likely have been symptomatic because the studies identified cases through record linkages to databases on hospitalization or death from diverticular disease [11, 16, 18, 19, 20], and one study identified cases by self-report of symptomatic diverticular disease [22]. In addition, we found similar associations between BMI and diverticular disease as with diverticulitis and diverticular disease complications. Although we cannot exclude the possibility that the association between BMI and asymptomatic diverticular disease might differ from the current findings, establishing the association with more “advanced” disease might be more relevant in terms of preventing severe complications from diverticular disease. Two studies which conducted validation studies of the diagnosis found that 95–96% of cases were correctly identified by self-report or linkage to patient registers [9, 18], and we found no heterogeneity when studies were stratified by the assessment of the outcome. Because of the prospective design of the included studies, any misclassification of the outcome would likely lead to an underestimation of the association between BMI and physical activity and diverticular disease risk. Although meta-analyses of published literature may be susceptible to small-study effects, we found no evidence of small-study effects with either Egger’s test or Begg’s test or when visually inspecting the funnel plots; however, the modest number of available studies is a limitation.

The studies on physical activity and diverticular disease reported the data using different underlying measures (MET-hours per week, or in <3 categories or without quantifying the physical activity level in each category), and for this reason we were not able to conduct dose–response analyses of physical activity. This appears to be a common problem in studies on physical activity and health outcomes [34, 35, 36, 37] and emphasizes the need for a more thorough and standardized approach to analyses and reporting of data on physical activity and different health outcomes. Further studies are therefore needed to characterize the dose–response relationship between physical activity and specific subtypes and intensities of physical activity in relation to diverticular disease, preferably using an underlying metric that could be combined with other published studies, for example using MET-hours per week and/or hours per week of activity.

Our meta-analysis also has several strengths, including increased statistical power due to a large sample size, the detailed search strategy, comprehensive analyses including both linear and nonlinear dose–response analyses for BMI, and several sensitivity analyses.

Little is known about the biological mechanisms that could explain an association between adiposity and diverticular disease risk. Adipose tissue secretes cytokines that may contribute to diverticular inflammation. The bacterial flora of obese and lean subjects may differ [38], and some evidence suggests that the bacterial flora may be important for the development of diverticular disease [39]. Physical activity could reduce the risk of diverticular disease by preventing overweight and obesity, by maintaining gastrointestinal motor function, decreasing intra-colonic pressure, reducing the transit time, and through neuroendocrine changes [40]. Nevertheless, further research is clearly needed to firmly establish the underlying biological mechanisms.

In conclusion, the current meta-analysis suggests that excess weight and low physical activity are risk factors for diverticular disease. The current findings have important public health implications as they add diverticular disease to the list of conditions that appear to be associated with adiposity and low physical activity. The findings support recommendations for overall health to avoid excess weight and to be physically active. Further studies are needed to assess the association between different measures of adiposity as well as subtypes and intensities of physical activity in relation to diverticular disease, diverticulitis, and the associated complications, and any further studies should report data on physical activity using a measure (MET-hours/week or hours/week) that can be combined with other published studies for future dose–response analyses.

[urocareindia-blog]

Urethral Diverticulum: Causes, Symptoms, Surgery Treatment cost in Top Hospital Delhi Mumbai Chennai India

Suffering from recurrent urinary tract infections or experiencing urinary problems? Then perhaps small, bulging pouches along the urethra are the cause. Read on to learn more about what problems they can cause.