Edward Carpenter was at the forefront of British romantic socialism, whose philosophy was inspired by Walt Whitman but had a clear political agenda and active "engagement" to radically reform social institutions. He practiced what he preached, giving away most of his money and earning a subsistence living as a sandal-maker as well as lecturer and journalist. His book of poetry Towards Democracy, consciously modelled upon Whitman’s Calamus poems, is a forthright celebration of gay love. George Merrill was an uneducated odd-job man from the slums whom Carpenter first met at a railway station in 1891 and with whom he eventually developed a romantic relationship. Carpenter described him as "the most interesting and satisfying character I have ever met. Knowing as I do thousands of people of all classes—and many very intimately—I still doubt whether I found anyone more natively human, loving and affectionate, and withal endowed with more generous good sense and tact than he." Carpenter’s philosophy of brotherhood was no abstract concept; he had occasional affairs with some of the intellectuals and gay writers who came on pilgrimage to his home at Millthorpe, and Merrill had occasional flings with hired hands and the local farm boys. Merrill served as a model for the game-keeper in E. M. Forster’s gay novel Maurice, which Forster acknowledged was a direct result of a visit to Carpenter.
In his later years, Merrill would often be found drunk and incapable in their front garden; but Carpenter’s affection never wavered. Fairness makes it necessary to add that Merrill was a gay fellow, naturally musical—he would sing Schubert while Carpenter accompanied him on the piano—and expert at housekeeping. While inclined to be moody, he could be the life and soul of the party. His early letters to Carpenter testify to a genuine affection. He once chased away a clergyman who came to the door to give him a tract: "Keep your tract," said Merrill, "I don’t want it. Can’t you see we’re in heaven here—We don’t want any better than this, so go away." Carpenter took Merrill to live with him at Millthorpe in 1898, and they remained together till the latter’s death in 1928. "They are putting him in the cold earth," Carpenter cried, and for the short remainder of his life he seemed but the ghost of a man. A year later, he was buried in the same grave.
— Rictor Norton, My Dear Boy: Gay Letters Through the Centuries (1998) & Edward Carpenter, Edward Carpenter: A Restatement and Reappraisal (1970)
