Installing and Maintaining Electric Trailer Brakes
Electric trailer brakes are designed to prevent the trailer from colliding with the tow vehicle when the latter stops. Simply put, when you stop your car, the trailer stops with you. These electric brakes work with electricity and magnets as opposed to their hydraulic fluid-powered counterparts.
Electric trailer brakes need a brake controller. This brake controller is installed in the tow vehicle within reach (usually underneath the dashboard) of the driver for him to man the device. The brake controller carries electric current or voltage from the tow vehicle to the trailer for the needed slowing or stopping power.
There are two types of electric brake controllers – time-activated and proportional. The former, also called time-delayed or time-based brake controller, is more manual in a sense that it is regulated or controlled by driver. The latter, also called inertia-based or inertia-activated, has an automatic mechanism that slows or stops the trailer with due detection of the tow vehicle's speed.
Electric trailer brakes have both advantages and disadvantages. The parts of such electric brakes such as the wires, magnets, etc. are relatively easier to adjust or manipulate compared to the troublesome hydraulic fluid replacements and leaks. However, these electric parts may need to be adjusted properly more often to match the trailer load, tow vehicle speed, or the tow vehicle brakes.