Difference between Direct and Indirect Procurement
The importance of procurement in Kenya has increased significantly in recent times as a key business process. It was originated as a means to integrate buying into supply chain management at a time when many big firms were struggling to accomplish their functioning costs. The activities of procurement are often divided into two distinct categories based on the consumption purposes of acquired goods and services: direct, production-related procurement and indirect, non-production-related procurement.
Direct Procurement
Direct procurement is the means of obtaining raw materials and goods for production. These are generally purchased from a group of suppliers at the best affordable cost, value, and trustworthiness. These purchases are done regularly and are essential for key business practices. If direct procurement discontinues its functioning or faces problems, firms are no longer able to produce and generate revenue. Historically, direct procurement is linked to manufacturing and originates from it.
Indirect Procurement
Indirect procurement is the means of availing services or supplies essential to keep the day to day business ongoing. It does not add to the bottom of any business. This includes repairing equipment, purchasing office supplies or getting services. Businesses would not be able to function smoothly without indirect procurement. Indirect procurement comprises 15-27 percent of a firm’s total revenue.
The process of buying an item to generate a final invoice is named Procure to Pay whether the purchase is a case of direct or indirect procurement. It is a system that allows the entire procurement chain from recognizing suppliers to the payment of the final invoice. The term was invented by software developers as a technique to identify the system to be optimized.
Mentioned below are the main areas of procurement where the difference between direct and indirect procurement is highlighted:
Supplier Relationship Management
Direct procurement teams devote a lot of time, effort and energy into building and maintaining connections with suppliers. In indirect procurement, the main focus lies on spend management and not the collaboration benefits of the supplier. The association with suppliers is transactional, with competitive costs being the key focus. Building a strong association with suppliers is something which indirect procurement teams can learn from their counterparts. Also, the reformation of suppliers and sharing volumes will result in better opportunities for savings.
Management of Cost
Indirect procurement, cost analysis is a much-used cost management practice. For indirect procurement, the best practice is zero budgeting. A method of drawing up the budget from scratch instead of basing it on the previous budget, it requires that every expense be justified before it is added to the budget; its aim is to reduce costs as much as possible. Both teams can learn and gain insights from applying each other’s tools to their key procurement categories.
Supervising Inventory
Indirect procurement, materials need to be kept in stock to ensure a smooth process of the production and avoid delays. On the other hand, indirect procurement is ruled by demand, i.e. purchasing is done based on the requirement, hence the accumulation and associated costs are lower. Direct procurement offers useful lessons in the best practices of inventory management, which can help the indirect procurement function hit the right balance between supply and demand activities.
Technology Usage
Indirect procurement has various, uneven requirements often made by a large number of users from an internal, the non-procurement function of an organization. During the selection of the eProcurement system, indirect procurement teams focus upon creating a simple buying practice through easy-to-use technology to streamline and simplify the process.
Firms have begun to realize that up-gradation of direct procurement technologies help in the streamlining of processes, risks cutting, quality maintenance and trimming of costs. Direct procurement allows learning from indirect procurement’s focus on user experience. For the businesses, to deploy the most effective strategy would be to invest in instinctive, end-to-end single-platform systems that both functions (direct and indirect) can use.
Setup of Organization
In most firms, direct costs are managed by centralized procurement and supply chain teams, and category managers focus on specific areas of procurement in Kenya. Indirect procurement is decentralized and managed by various internal stakeholders with sovereign budgets and procurement protocols.
A centralized setup and groups for indirect procurement will enhance efficiency and compliance and cut costs. Direct procurement teams focus on the management of soft skills that are vital in handling a large number of requirements, internal stakeholders and vendors, all of which make indirect procurement so difficult.
Summary
A proper balance of indirect and direct procurement is essential to shape a profitable business. Both go hand in hand.















