In Mayan Astrology there is the Birth Glyph which is somewhat like a Zodiac Sign, it focuses on growth, transformations, and life lessons.
There's Day Signs which parallels with Birth Glyphs in meaning but concentrates on the personality and life purpose more.
There is the Trecena which is like a Moon Sign and explores your deeper self. Meanings and symbols seem to cross over from Day Glyphs to Trecenas.
In Mayan Astrology each person has Signs and Influences in A Life Tree which works similarly to a Birth Chart.
Each person has a Galactic Tone, you could maybe compare this to numerology. This number shows how you are connected to the divine and sheds more light on your own personal life mission.
In Mayan Astrology each person has a Past Sign and Destiny Sign. The Past Sign describes your childhood and influences you when you are young. Your Destiny Sign is a guide into growth and maturity.
There is a Female and Male Sign. The Female describes passive traits that rarely come to the surface. The Female Sign's traits come out in personal relationships, reminds me of Venus and Mars. The Male traits are obvious and active. The Male Sign is a lot like your Rising, the traits you show to the world.
Mayan Astrology (much like the Chinese Zodiac) has a Sign for groups of Years.
There are The Lords of the Night which describes your hidden self, much like the 12th House. Very little is known about The Lords of The Night.
Everyone has a Tzolkin Birthday which is a day each year that is your "spiritual birthday". This is a day where your energy is fully active.