#falsecognate

[gatabs]

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Selamlar, bu videomda sana kelime ezberlemekten ziyade nasıl öğrendiğimi anlattım. Videoda ezberden ne kadar nefret ettiğimi biraz fazla anlatmış olabilirim hatta 😅 Aynı zamanda birlikte defter de oluşturduk 🥰 Eğer verdiğim tavsiyelere uyarsan, sıkıntı yaşamayacağına eminim ama en önemli şey süreklilik bunu da unutma! Videoda bahsettiğim linkler: 💫Instagram hesabım: 💫 1 AY ENGLISH CENTRAL ÜYELİĞİ …

İngilizce Kelime Nasıl Öğrenilir? İngilizce Öğrenmenin Kolay Yolları Selamlar, bu videomda sana kelime ezberlemekten ziyade nasıl öğrendiğimi anlattım. Videoda ezberden ne kadar nefret ettiğimi biraz fazla anlatmış olabilirim hatta 😅 Aynı zamanda birlikte defter de oluşturduk 🥰 Eğer verdiğim tavsiyelere uyarsan, sı...

[gatabs]

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Daha önce İngilizce Kelime Ezberleme konusunda 2 video daha yayınlamıştım. Bugün de yine daha verimli bir çalışma ve ezberleme süreci için, İngilizce kelime öğrenirken yapılan 5 hatadan bahsediyorum. Bildiğiniz gibi FikirHastası kanalında İngilizce Öğretme ya da İngilizce ders anlatma niteliğinde videolar yayınlamıyorum. ( En azından şimdilik) Amacım daha çok bir dil öğrenme sürecinde olan izleyiciler …

İngilizce Kelime Ezberleme – Sakın Bu Hataları Yapma - İngilizce Öğrenmenin Kolay Yolları Daha önce İngilizce Kelime Ezberleme konusunda 2 video daha yayınlamıştım. Bugün de yine daha verimli bir çalışma ve ezberleme süreci için, İngilizce kelime öğrenirken yapılan 5 hatadan bahsediyorum. Bildiğiniz gibi FikirHastası kanalında İngilizc...

[false-cognates]

#45: “tachyon” > “dung”

Ancient Greek ταχυ-ον < PIE *dʰn̥gʰu-om > PGmc *dungu-ą > OE dung > ModE dung /dʊŋ/

(Sorry about the slow update schedule recently. I’ve been having some problems with Tumblr, and I may need to relocate this blog. I’ll try to keep you posted.)

Ancient Greek form: Did not exist as such, but is rather a modern form based on analogy to proton (πρῶτον) and neutron (νεῦτρον). I have interpreted the PGmc form accordingly, although it doesn’t matter—final a-loss would syllabify *w anyway.

Proto-Indo-European form: Hypothetical, and apparently based on only one (Lithuanian) cognate déngti.

Old English form: The second /u/ is lost after a heavy syllable, making this word identical to *dungō (but with presumably different inflection.)

[false-cognates]

#44: “surprise” > “ixoverforgouse”

Middle French surprise < Latin super-prehēnsus < PIE *h₁eḱs-uper-preh₂i-gʰn̥d-tós > PGmc *ihs-uber-frai-gunsaz > OE ihs-ofer-for-gūs > ModE ixoverforgouse /ɪksˌoʊvəɹfɔɹˈɡaʊs/

Proto-Indo-European form: The etymology usually given of prehendō is prae + hendō, which is problematic with regard to the initial vowel. A rather complex justification is given by Livingston 2004. Personally I am inclined to believe that pre- represents a different grade of *p(e)r-, which did not survive into Latin.

Proto-Germanic form: An alternate cognate of Latin super, with analogical development to Latin, would be *s-uber > sofer > sover (producing soverforgouse). *gʰn̥d-tós becomes *gʰn̥dstós. Without the intervening nasal this would simplify to *gussaz, but as we can see from e.g. *pn̥t-tós, the result is *gunsaz.

[false-cognates]

#43: “indulge” > “untollow”

Latin indulgeō < PIE *n̥-dl̥ǵʰ-eh₁- > PGmc *un-tulgijaną > OE untolgian > ModE untollow /ʌnˈtɒ.loʊ/

Proto-Indo-European form: The semantics are somewhat uncertain (the original root apparently means “to fix”), for a full discussion see Sihler p. 302. I have taken what he gives as the most likely form, a stative in -eh₁-.

Old English form: Note the lack of umlaut. A similar lack can be seen in a similar verb *fulgijaną > follow. These verbs are not in fact class I weak, but class III weak verbs, and so have forms (e.g. fulgaisi, fulgaiþi) that would not be affected by umlaut. (Not that it’s not possible—for example, fylġan is attested—but I have chosen the un-umlauted form in order to demonstrate the curiosities of this class.)

[false-cognates]

#42: “amoeba” > “moak”

Latin amœba < Ancient Greek ἀμοιβή < PIE *h₂moygʷ-eh₂ > PGmc *maikwō > OE māc > ModE moak /moʊk/

Old English form: While labiovelars survive (mostly) into Proto-Germanic, word-final -kw does not seem to survive into Old English. -ō does become -u, but is lost after a heavy syllable.

Modern English form: -ā- becomes ⟨oa⟩.

[false-cognates]

#41: “damn” > “taven”

Latin damnāre < PIE *dh̥₂p-n-eh₂ye- > PGmc *tabnōną > OE tæfnian > ModE taven /ˈteɪ.vən/

Proto-Germanic form: An old theory states that -Cn- combinations, where the consonant is voiced, become unvoiced geminates, in this case yielding *tappōną > tæppian > tap. However, this theory is rejected by Beekes.

Old English form: Note that intervocalic -bC- still triggers lenition if the consonant is a liquid.

[false-cognates]

#40: “procrastinate” > “forresten”

Latin prōcrāstināre < PIE *pro-ḱreh₂s-t-in-eh₂ye- > PGmc *fra-hrōstinōną > OE for-hrēstnian > ModE forresten /fɔ(ɹ)ˈɹɛs.ən/

(Suggested by guitarplayer. Ironically, I finished this one later than I wanted to...)

Proto-Indo-European form: No part of this word is certain. There is some debate over whether *pro or *prō was the original form; however, since a cognate is attested in Germanic, I chose the former. crās is hardly sure, but I have given the best theory cited in de Vaan. The suffix -tinus is found in other temporal adjectives, e.g. diutinus, under which de Vaan postulates *-inos (cf. Greek ἐαρῐνός) with an extension of the root in *-t-.

Old English form: The prefix *fra- merged with *fur- and *fer- except in Gothic. Syncope of -stin- is actually attested in the verb *fastinōną > fæstnian > fasten.

Modern English: It’s unclear whether /ɹ/ would be properly geminate here (especially given that the prefix for- is often reduced to /fə-/.) Normally vowels are not shortened before -st-, but here there is a cluster -stn-, and three consonants will always shorten a vowel (compare e.g. ghost and ghastly.)