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This field condition is dealt with in the section on Curtain Wall & Edge of Slab Joints in the AHJ Handbook for Firestop Inspection and in the 2nd edition of the Visual Field Guide to Firestop Assessment
Firestop Training - Curtain Wall & Edge of Slab Joints (Part I)
Head of wall (HOW) joints constitute a much larger total area for smoke and heat migration than through penetrations. Also, the HOW joint is the first point of attack for rising smoke and heat in any fire. Despite this reality they seldom get the focus they require.
One of the most overlooked issues with curtain wall and edge of slab joints is the width of the joint. Each Firestop System or Engineering Judgment will detail exactly what the maximum width is. Systems that allow up to a maximum width of 6” are common. EJs are often required for joints wider than that.
Critical to the performance of edge of slab and curtain wall firestopping is the orientation of the mineral wool placed in the opening. Mineral wool has a very definite fiber orientation as seen here. In joints, the mineral wool is required to be compressed to a certain ratio and must ALWAYS be compressed parallel to the fiber orientation
When mineral wool is compressed perpendicular, or against the fiber orientation, the fibers will fracture and its ability to provide a firm friction fit is severely compromised. The firestop system details will specify what compression ratio is required and will usually specify that the mineral wool be oriented with the fibers running parallel with the joint.
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