Overall, it’s an action series with lots of muscular guys screaming, throwing huges blasts of energy, and changing their hairstyle at the drop of a hat.
But it wasn’t always thus.
When it first came out, Dragon Ball was a silly, satirical gag manga very loosely based on the Chinese novel, Xīyóu Jì / Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng'en. The manga was to the novel what Spaceballs was to Star Wars, a silly romp where the plot is nothing more than a vehicle to squeeze in as many jokes as one can squeeze in. Akira Toriyama had just finished up his famous gag-series Dr. Slump, and you can its influence in the art style and humor.
Now, I’d like to address this right now and get it out of the way. Dragon Ball’s first story arc has a lot of rather perverted moments that can be very unsettling for modern readers (As of this writing, year 2024). I can’t justify it, but after reading other series like Urusei Yatsura, I just assume that this sort of thing is what manga-ka thought was funny at the time. Luckily, DB has other things going for it than raunchy humor, with slapstick and even some decent (at the time of its writing) action sequences.
Don’t worry, I won’t bore you to tears or kill every joke by telling you why it’s funny. Instead, I’d like to take a look at the overall story and narrative function of its principle characters and maybe try and squeeze something meaningful out of it. However, I should warn that there will be SPOILERS.
The title refers to the seven mystical orbs that, when brought together, summon a dragon that will grant a wish. (Uh-DURR!) In truth, this ‘quest’ is just an excuse so our players can move from one setting to another, and from the beginning makes it clear just how irrelevant the wish is in the big scheme of things.
Our first and central character is Son Goku. The Monkey King of Dragon Ball, our story focuses on this jungle boy. Like Arale in Dr. Slump, Goku’s gimmick is his immense strength disproportionate to his childish exterior.
Another thing about him is that, in a cast full of perverts, he probably commits the most sexual harassment.
Not because he’s like that, but he literally doesn’t know better. See, the little king grew up in an isolated area, at first with his adoptive grandfather, Son Gohan, then, when the old man died under “Mysterious Circumstances”, all by himself. The kid claims to be 14 (He’s not, as we learn in the next arc) but his emotional development probably stopped long ago. He knows objectively that there are these things called ‘wimmin’ and that they should be treated nicely, but clearly Gohan did not go into detail on the subject. Goku’s never seen any other person besides Gohan Sr., and curious monkey that he is, he pokes and prods whatever he doesn’t understand. And since the most crucial difference between men and women (For Goku) is what they have or don’t have under the belt. Fortunately, he stops this after Mt. Frypan as the story slowly becomes more serious.
Speaking of more serious subjects, I wanna talk about Goku’s more mental skills. Fans like to sleep on that Goku is an idiot, but it’s more nuanced than that. Goku is uneducated and clueless about societal norms, not to mention rather blunt and insensitive. But he’s not, y’know, stupid. We see him demonstrate a keen problem solving ability throughout the story. However, he’s not a long-term planner, something that is the dominion of…
Our secondary protagonist, Bulma. In the original Japanese language, her name is written as Buluma, or rather Bloomer. If it were me, I’d change the position of the ‘u’ and call her Bluma to preserve the pun, but whatever.
Bulma is the driving force of the story, as she’s the one seeking the Dragon Balls. She literally crashes into Goku’s idyllic wilderness lifestyle because he has one of the Dragon Balls she wants (his Grandpa’s momento), and manipulates him into joining her. Bulma is a self-professed genius, having invented the Dragon Radar, but this technical skill doesn’t show up in the story. It’s merely an excuse to justify how she can track down these lost ornaments, or why she has a drug that makes someone go potty on command. However, Bulma does demonstrate a forward-thinking attitude, such as her recruiting Goku and Oolong as she realizes the potential their abilities could serve her interests. She also comes up with the plan to track down and rescue Oolong’s kidnapped victims…which doesn’t pan out, but hey, she tried.
Here’s the thing, though. Bulma is also a horrible person. She’s a teen drama queen who thinks the world revolves around her. She literally refers to herself as the heroine of the quest, and that everyone should be honored to help in that. She tricks Goku into giving her his Dragon Ball, falsely claiming he’ll get it back after the wish, knowing that once they’re used the Dragon Balls will fly off to the ends of the Earth. However, she doesn’t get off easy for this attitude, as we see her suffer quite a bit of slapstick throughout the story. As the only member of the cast with a mature female body, she unfortunately gets the brunt of the arc’s lewd-ness, though she finds a way to, uh, delegate this.
Which brings us to…this guy.
The Turtle Sage, Muten-Roshi. (Invincible Old Master)
You know this guy. In a fantasy story, there’s this old wizard the heroes stumble upon who will grant his magic in exchange for a trivial favor. Only, the favors aren’t quite so trivial to Bulma. But even without his lecherousness, Roshi is quite frankly a terrible wizard. Guy loses two out of three magical tools for no reason other than carelessness. Of course, the turtle rider does have credible martial arts skills, which only get a glimpse of during this arc. Beyond dispensing plot devices, Roshi helps plant the seed of the next step in Goku’s personal journey, offering training which will be the focal point for the second arc. However, Roshi has a very small role, albeit a crucial one for the current arc.
But speaking of those with larger roles, let’s talk about Oolong.
Oolong’s DB’s first enemy-turned-ally, this piggy’s role is similar to Iago from Disney Aladdin franchise; a complainer who brings a rare form of common sense but is ignored by their more adventurous companions. Oolong never wanted to come along on Bulma’s search, and is kept in line at first by false promise of erotica, and later on by the aforementioned hair-trigger diarrhea. Oolong spends much of the journey endlessly whining and trying to convince the other members of the Dragon Team that what they’re doing is Dangerous and they should Turn Back. The only thing keeping him from turning on the duo is that they’re the only thing protecting him from real dangers. Dangers like…
Yamcha the Desert Bandit! (Dun Dun-duh!)
Every major manga has one. A rival. A smooth and suave foil to the roughneck hero. That’s Yamcha. He’s handsome. He’s skilled. He’s knowledgable. He’s…
...A complete and total dork. While Goku has no interest in girls besides a passing curiosity, Yamcha completely falls apart when around women. (Though, it should be noted that this only is around ones his age) However, Yamcha isn’t just Goku’s foil, but Bulma’s. They both can’t control themselves around the opposite sex, but while Yamcha runs away, Bulma eagerly chases any hot guy she sees. They both have shapeshifting sidekicks, but Oolong and Bulma are constantly arguing, Pu’ar has no identity beyond being Yamcha’s aide. Both are forward thinking, with Bulma’s aforementioned plans, and Yamcha deciding to follow Goku to steal the Balls once all are collected. And finally, both want the Balls for their love lives, but while Bulma wants a ‘magical dream boy conjured by the Dragon’, as Oolong put it, Yamcha just wants his fear of women gone so he could pursue a relationship.
On the subject, it should be noted that while Oolong, Yamcha & Pu’ar are active criminals, pretty much everyone in the first Ball Hunt are pretty selfish, with the exception being Goku, Chichi, and Sea Turtle. Even the girls Oolong abducted were more than happy to play along as the snotty little perv extorted their families. But that’s comedy, isn’t it? Selfish people doing horrible things to one another and we laugh because we know they sorta deserve it.
The Frypan Mountain mini-arc is where the story begins to shift. Before, any problem could be solved by pointing Goku at it and saying “Get ‘em”. The one time he lost to Yamcha, it was because his strength was nerfed by hunger. But Frypan is where we start getting problems that Goku simply can’t solve with his strength, such as the titular flaming mountain.
(Also, is there an unspoken rule that a Monkey King ripoff needs to deal with a peak on fire? No? Just me? All right then)
Anyway, Frypan plants four narrative seeds, three of which will come up at Castle Pilaf, and one that won’t be seen until years later, at the 23rd Tenka’ichi Budokai.
First off…THE KAMEHAMEHA! This iconic moment, when Roshi Hulks out and shoots a friggin’ Death Stay beam from his bare hands, would be a taste of what Dragon Ball would become further down the line. It also gives Goku what would become his signature attack, replacing the Fist of Rock-Paper-Scissors.
Second, the events of Frypan demonstrate the chink in Goku’s armor. For the entire story beforehand, Goku had been seen as an unstoppable force. But the revelation of his Achilles Tail puts a level of tension to Goku’s strength. Yamcha is watching, and now has a plausible way of beating the little monkey. But this is a bait-and-switch. Yamcha won’t be using this weakness to rob the Dragon Balls.
The third seed to be planted is Roshi’s offer of training to Goku. While it has no bearing on the plot now, it will give Goku a reason to separate from the gang at the end of the arc.
And finally, Chichi. With how Toriyama writes, I’m not sure if it was his intention to bring her back into the fold at any point. However, Toei clearly enjoyed the idea of Goku having a girlfriend and had her reappear in filler episodes. Nonetheless, I wanna talk about their, ah, engagement. A guy doing something inexplicably perverted and getting a girlfriend/betrothed is a cliche in anime, but it happening here makes a degree of sense. Chichi is established as being incredibly innocent, where she gets hot and bothered just at the idea of holding hands. So that she assumes being touched there means a marriage proposal.
That the fire on Frypan isn’t quelled by a magical plot device, but instead smothered by Muten-Roshi’s sheer strength (along with the rest of the mountain…) could be seen as an example of one of Dragon Ball’s themes that true victory is found within…or that Toriyama thought Roshi wiping out Ox-King’s castle was funny. Could be both.
The Carrot Master episode seems like pointless filler, even in the manga, but it serves a very crucial purpose, story-wise. It forces Yamcha, who’s been following the gang to steal the Dragon Balls at the last moment, to intervene and help Goku rescue Bulma from Boss Rabbit. In turn, this means that when Yamcha has to help the group reach Pilaf’s castle, they will be more inclined to accept his support (Well, Oolong will- Goku is too trusting and Bulma doesn’t care about anything but cozying up to a hot guy).
And now, we reach the long-awaited wish. The confrontation the Dragon Team has with the Pilaf Gang is culmination of the aforementioned seeds mentioned in the Frypan section, first and foremost being the Kamehameha Goku learned watching Roshi. Not big enough to help the entire out, but enough for the shapeshifters to escape Pilaf’s dungeon.
Speaking of Oolong and Pu’ar, I’ve mentioned in my overview of Yamcha that the two are very different in how they respond to their human bosses. Oolong can’t stand Bulma, but Pu’ar is overly dedicated to Yamcha. However, this difference turns out to be crucial in the climax of the Dragon Ball hunt; Pu’ar who has always relied on Yamcha to call the shots, cannot find a way to stop Pilaf. Oolong, however, who maintains an independent (If not cowardly and selfish) sense of self and thus manages to intervene.
Well, I suppose it’s fitting. Panties have played significant (Albeit lewd) role in the story. Granted, he probably should have wished for him and his friends to safety, as we immediately cut to the Dragon Team stuck inside an even more secure dungeon…that will cook them alive in the morning.
Now, we all know that Goku will see the full moon, turn into a giant monkey, but isn’t that a little contrived? Could it be that Toriyama wrote himself into a corner? While it is a bit of a asspull, it might not have had the same dramatic impact if there had been significant foreshadowing. Nothing kills a story’s tension than when you already know what’s going to happen.
However, as much as there was no indication that Goku could transform…there was no indication that he couldn’t.
In the second chapter, Goku admits that his ‘grandpa’ was just a kind stranger who took him in as a baby, having been apparently abandoned by his parents. No warnings about monsterness, and with all the other crazy stuff being shown in the Dragon World, but also plenty of blank spaces to squeeze in any shocking twist.
“But since Goku’s a Saiyan-“ SHADDUP! Goku’s not a Saiyan in this arc. Saiyans won’t even be considered until much, much, much further down the road. As in, probably a week before Raditz showed up.
ANYWAY, with Goku’s transformation into a berserker King Kong conveniently solves the problem with escaping Pilaf’s castle, but now there’s a much bigger problem. You thought Pilaf was the final boss? Nope! After being the major player throughout the story, we now have Son Goku as the last enemy to defeat. And who is going to save the day?!
And this is where our next plot seed sprouts. When Yamcha learned about Goku’s Achilles Tail, it was all but stated that he would exploit it. However, I doubt anyone was expecting that moment to happen during something like this. I don’t have any access to the original Japanese dialogue, save the anime version where Yamcha’s reasoning for cutting the tail off was ‘maybe it’ll knock him out’. But I suppose you couldn’t expect him to cling to that giant tail for the entire night?
Regardless, the final chapter is the denouncement, where everything caps off. Oolong makes the now-prophetic inquiry on whether or not Goku’s an alien (Again, this was just a one-off aside) while Bulma and Yamcha learn that the real wish was the friends they made along the way, giving Oolong indigestion. Good for him. At least he’s got his wish-panties. It’s a tired cliche, but not unwanted given all the slapstick and humiliation they’ve suffered maybe it’s good for all them to get something out this ordeal. Tragic that Bul-Cha only lasts until the Android Arc. That Bulma offers to take Goku with her and then gives him the Dragon Radar is sign that she’s developed some level of affection for the monkey boy.
Sources conflict on whether or not the manga was at risk of being cancelled around this time, or if Toriyama wanted to end the story here but was convinced to keep going. Either way, it makes sense that everyone gets something at the end gives this arc a good sense of closure, with Goku going to Muten-Roshi’s providing just enough open end-ness.
Final thoughts? Overall, the first arc of Dragon Ball is a cute, humorous romp, even if you find its more lewd content unsettling. (Lord knows I do) But the pure imagination and rare moments of epic-ness are enticing enough that you can see why it kept going.
