#fused quartz

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Glasses: Fused silica and Fused quartz

Fused silica and fused glass are more or less identical materials composed mostly of pure amorphous silica. Most other glasses use a mixture of oxides, adding materials such as Na2O or CaO or B2O3, which tend to make glass easier to work with. Pure SiO2, on the other hand, has a much higher working and melting temperature than other common glasses. The trade-offs for this are improved optical, thermal, and mechanical properties.

Because fused silica is essentially a pure material, contaminants can have significant effects, further increasing the difficulty of manufacturing. Though the terms fused silica and fused quartz are sometimes used interchangeably, and indeed reference the same material, the terms are often used to distinguish the method of manufacture. Fused quartz tends to be made from melting naturally occurring crystalline silica, while fused silica is synthetically produced. The term vitreous silica is also sometimes used.

Fused silica is very inert to chemical attack, with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and a high resistance to thermal shock. It is transparent for ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared wavelengths, as shown above. (The left graph is for synthetic fused silica while the right displays transmission for IR grade fused quartz.) Fused silica also has good elastic properties and is strong in compression, though surface defects can severely affect mechanical properties of any glass.

Applications of these materials include windows, lenses, mirror substrates, other optical components, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment such as crucibles or furnace tubes.

Sources/Further Reading: ( 1 - images 3 and 4 ) ( 2 - image 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )

Image 1.

[thecrystalcaverns]

The Crystal Caverns: Snowdin 10

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And were we are! Boreal Forest Village! Lots of new faces, old faces, kind of similar faces, and world building. Once again credit to Pineapples with Sunglasses creator of the UT AU Metal and Magic. They were responsible for working on most of the overworld sprites in the village. 

[thecrystalcaverns]

The Crystal Caverns: Snowdin 6

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The aftermath of the last strip. Also some world building and a fight against a Giant woman.

[thecrystalcaverns]

The Crystal Caverns: Snowdin 5

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This is one I re-condensed when working on it. The start of this was originally the end of Strip 4, but the cliffhanger at the end caused me to rethink that plan. 

[preet583]

Fused Quartz Tube & Silica Tube Manufacturer in India

LabQuartz is a premier Manufacturer & supplier of Fused Quartz Tubes, Silica Tubes, Quartz Glass Tubing, Gold & White Coated Quartz Tubes, and custom Fused Quartz Rods.

[communitygivesdnc]

The Best Choice being as how Glass Manufacturer: Rayotek

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[rockon-ro]

FULGURITE from Morocco. A fulgurite is a hollow, tubular piece of fused sand caused by a lighting strike to the ground. They are hollow and lined with melted sand grains and generally less than an inch or two in diameter ( a lighting bolt is normally 1 to 2 inches in diameter). Fulgurites mark the pathway the lighting followed into the ground.