Reviewing Conceptual Framework on Halal Food Supply Chain Integrity Enhancement
Discussion about halal industries is not only concern materials which sent to a consumer, but also every process that involved. In nowadays, consumers have awareness of integrity or authority in Halal Supply Chain. In this study pointed halal certification, halal standard, halal traceability, halal dedicated assets and role of the government in enhancing integrity in current complex food trade.
Background
Products of halal growth dramatically and take special attention. The percentages in this field reach over 16% and still increasing in following decades. Moreover, Halal products don’t represent to satisfy Muslim market but the non-Muslim have also this demand for this particular food product due to the perception of halal food which has characteristics; clean, hygiene and tasty. The big question is how to ensure the products halal considering halal products originated from all the part of the world. There is a fact that most of the Halal food products from non-Muslim countries (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France). It causes the distrust from Muslim Consumers, especially to The authenticity and integrity.
In the Halal food chain involved a process to manage from raw material (origin of goods) to end shipping point (consumers). The purpose of a Halal food chain is not only to satisfy customer needs but also to ensure that Halal status of the food keeps secure from interaction with others material (Haram Products). Academic publication discussing Halal Food Chain and Halal Integrity still limited. Most of the publications focused on customer behaviours. This research aim to investigates what is the factor that influence for enhancing the integrity of Halal Food Chain.
Halal Integrity
Halal integrity can be seen as a key that has an impact in developing Halal Food Chain in the complex trade and competitive business. Standardization extremely needed to give a trust perception to consumers through certification of Halal Product. All of the stakeholders must have the same perception and understand their responsibilities. It cannot be separated with others. There are several factors for Halal Food Chain Integrity:
Halal Certification
Halal-certified product is the strong reason for Muslim Consumers to buy the products. Certification has a meaning that the products comply with Sharia principle. Due the fact that in some countries there are several authorities which issued halal certificate (In Indonesia known as Indonesia Ulema Council).
Halal Standards
Increasing of demand Halal food products are not in line to standardization Halal products. Multiple authorities and differences perception caused standardization of products.
Halal Traceability
In Halal food industries, Halal Traceability means that consumers are able to trace which products have certification from authority and the status of products.
Halal dedicated assets
In the distribution process sometimes be found that halal products jog with non-Halal products, due to the vehicles or physical tools that used. In addition, the complex trade in nowadays tend to make it has same scenario to deliver the products. It can cause the Halal Products will lost its status.
Trust and Commitment
In this term has a meaning if both of customers and sellers have same perception to understand how to treat halal products. To make it running well, be required commitment from all stakeholders and willingness to provide dedicated assets to deliver the products and implement halal certification in the business process instead raw material/ingredients required by consumers.
Conclusion
Halal integrity is very fundamental in Halal Food Industry. Protective and preventive should be considered in every step that involved in the supply chain process from source point to end point. This paper initially focuses on a conceptual framework of factors enhancing the integrity of halal food supply chain. Further research can be more deeply finding relationship factors that stated in this research to make it easy to understand.
Origin Journal
Zulfakar, M. H., Anuar, M. M., & Talib, M. S. A. (2014). Conceptual Framework on Halal Food Supply Chain Integrity Enhancement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 121, 58–67. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1108