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Opor Ayam

Setelah harus berpuasa dengan durasi yang cukup lama sekitar 18 jam. Akhirnya tiba waktunya untuk merayakan hari kemenangan. Tidak seperti di Indonesia dimana perayaan begitu ramai dan semarak. Disini hari lebaran tak ubahnya seperti hari biasa. Aku memilih untuk merayakan lebaran di Warsaw. Selain ada undangan dari KBRI untuk seluruh mahasiswa Indonesia, tentunya adanya opor ayam menjadi motivasi tersendiri. Sebelum menyantap opor ayam beserta makanan lainnya, tentunya kita harus sholat dulu. Jarak dari pusat kota menuju masjid bisa ditempuh sekitar 20 menit. Dan inilah ekspresi kami saat mau makan opor ayam.

Setelah selesai makan opor ayam, aku akhirnya sempat bertemu dengan adik tingkaku yag berhasil memperoleh medali emas di acara International Invention and Innovation. Akupun mengantar mereka ke stasiun bus untuk melanjutkan perjalanan mengelelingi beberapa kota di Eropa Timur, sebelum kembali lagi ke Indonesia. Dan yang tak lupa adalah ucapan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya untuk rekan-rekan PPI Polandia atas kesediaannya membantu menjemput dan mengarahkan setiap mahasiswa yang akan datang ke negeri putih merah ini. Salam Perhimpunan!!!

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Halal Supply Chain Management

The demand for halal products in Indonesia tend increasingly both from domestics and foreign. In another hand, halal supply chain management in Indonesia is very low for example distributing halal products. Regulation about Halal Supply Chain Management is not arranged clearly. Indonesia Ulama Council (MUI) also didn’t give a formal instruction. Certifications about halal supply chain are required by considering Indonesia as the largest country with the Muslim population in the world, so these regulations need to be calculated clearly in order that UMKM (Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises) couldn’t collapse. Regulation of special transport can be included to regulate halal supply chain management.

Now, small business already has halal certification from MUI so few, approximately 3.000 small business. While, a total of small business and home industry approximately 1,2 million, added medium business as much as 6.000. Law of Halal Product Guarantee (UU JPH), will be implemented in 2019, so this regulation will useless to the small industry because it’s not already to fulfil halal certification. Halal certification of company and logistics supplier in Indonesia is very low. To ensure halal of products until consumer must be started from upstream and downstream, as described by the figure bellow.

The figure shown a representation of Logistics, the supply chain is viewed as a single entity consists a series of fragmented elements such as procurement, manufacturing, distribution. In this area, there are many strategies about the planning process, with a particular emphasis on strategic decision making rather than on the operational cost. Halal Supply Chain Management consists of product, model transport and warehouse. Each of parts from suppliers, logistics, and distributes to customers must be kept not be interfered with forbidden products (haram), to ensure that the products are halal and getting a certificate from the authority in Indonesia (MUI). It still has a great opportunity because the awareness of Indonesia society about halal product tend increasingly, each company which is targeted expanding to Indonesia can get opportunity and profit if they are aware of halal certification. Central to the success of effective halal supply chain management is the use of integrated information system and fully supported from the stakeholder.

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Understanding Total Quality Management

If I ask you what think in your mind if I say about quality? In a real world, most people will be answered quality is, How reliable is it? Quality is something that can make me wouldn’t wear something. I think an answer from this question is true, but I will give most clearly definition about quality, Quality is simply meeting the customer requirements, and this has been expressed in many ways by other authors. Juran in an early doyen of quality management defines as Fitness for purpose or use.

The critical point of view from quality is not restrictive to the functional characteristics of product or service. Quality for most people gives an explanation that some of the products they purchase are more associated with satisfaction in ownership than some functional property. By consistently meeting customer requirements, we (developer) can move to a different plan of satisfaction – delighting the customer. A development is must be done by developer cause to make a customer loyalty, and this an important variable in an organisations success.

Research show that focus on customer loyalty can provide several commercial advantages:

Customer cost less to retain than acquire

The longer relationship with the customer, the higher the profitability

A loyal customer will commit more spend to its chosen supplier

About half of new customer come through referrals from existing clients (indirectly reducing acquisition costs).

For example companies like 3M us a measure of customer loyalty to identify customer which are ‘completely satisfied’, would ‘definitely recommend, and would ‘definetely repurchase’.

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Agribusiness Supply Chain Management (ASCM)

We may already know term of supply chain from the perspective of how an end consumer of milk gets it in his or her mils pot. Milk is one of type products that from husbandry. Hence, how to distribute this products to customer.

Firstly, we should know clearly the definition of Supply Chain Management (SCM). I can define that SCM is the system that run integrate in each sector for serving customer need. We can divide in three sections; input, process, and output. Input means that way to find raw material that can be used to next step or phase. We will need a special attention in this step because this step will give impacts to another phase. Process is talking about how we produce the products. In this section tells more about method or technique to optimize productivity of worker and machine. The last step is about output. We call it finish products that already produced should distribute to consumer. We should concern in distribution network and distribution channel.

We are ever know that farming products have special characteristics. It can identify as perishable products. It means that lead time of this products very short. The distribution network must provide with a short distribution channel. After the products was producing by company. The products should deliver to customer directly if possible or with one until two tiers. Information exchange also involve in this framework, both of distributors and manufactures. The key success implementation of ASCM not only depend on manufactures, but also depend on each stakeholders that involve in this process. Therefore, ASCM still has great opportunity to create supply chain network running effectively. It is involve method, technique, machine and knowledge, which can support this network later.

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Reviewing Conceptual Framework on Halal Food Supply Chain Integrity Enhancement

Discussion about halal industries is not only concern materials which sent to a consumer, but also every process that involved. In nowadays, consumers have awareness of integrity or authority in Halal Supply Chain.  In this study pointed halal certification, halal standard, halal traceability, halal dedicated assets and role of the government in enhancing integrity in current complex food trade.

Background

Products of halal growth dramatically and take special attention. The percentages in this field reach over 16% and still increasing in following decades. Moreover, Halal products don’t represent to satisfy Muslim market but the non-Muslim have also this demand for this particular food product due to the perception of halal food which has characteristics; clean, hygiene and tasty. The big question is how to ensure the products halal considering halal products originated from all the part of the world. There is a fact that most of the Halal food products from non-Muslim countries (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France). It causes the distrust from Muslim Consumers, especially to The authenticity and integrity.

In the Halal food chain involved a process to manage from raw material (origin of goods) to end shipping point (consumers). The purpose of a Halal food chain is not only to satisfy customer needs but also to ensure that Halal status of the food keeps secure from interaction with others material (Haram Products).  Academic publication discussing Halal Food Chain and Halal Integrity still limited. Most of the publications focused on customer behaviours. This research aim to investigates what is the factor that influence for enhancing the integrity of Halal Food Chain.

Halal Integrity

Halal integrity can be seen as a key that has an impact in developing Halal Food Chain in the complex trade and competitive business. Standardization extremely needed to give a trust perception to consumers through certification of Halal Product. All of the stakeholders must have the same perception and understand their responsibilities. It cannot be separated with others. There are several factors for Halal Food Chain Integrity:

Halal Certification

Halal-certified product is the strong reason for Muslim Consumers to buy the products. Certification has a meaning that the products comply with Sharia principle. Due the fact that in some countries there are several authorities which issued halal certificate (In Indonesia known as Indonesia Ulema Council).

Halal Standards

Increasing of demand Halal food products are not in line to standardization Halal products. Multiple authorities and differences perception caused standardization of products.

Halal Traceability

In Halal food industries, Halal Traceability means that consumers are able to trace which products have certification from authority and the status of products.

Halal dedicated assets

In the distribution process sometimes be found that halal products jog with non-Halal products, due to the vehicles or physical tools that used. In addition, the complex trade in nowadays tend to make it has same scenario to deliver the products. It can cause the Halal Products will lost its status.

Trust and  Commitment

In this term has a meaning if both of customers and sellers have same perception to understand how to treat halal products. To make it running well, be required commitment from all stakeholders and willingness to provide dedicated assets to deliver the products and implement halal certification in the business process instead raw material/ingredients required by consumers.

Conclusion

Halal integrity is very fundamental in Halal Food Industry. Protective and preventive should be considered in every step that involved in the supply chain process from source point to end point. This paper initially focuses on a conceptual framework of factors enhancing the integrity of halal food supply chain. Further research can be more deeply finding relationship factors that stated in this research to make it easy to understand.

Origin Journal

Zulfakar, M. H., Anuar, M. M., & Talib, M. S. A. (2014). Conceptual Framework on Halal Food Supply Chain Integrity Enhancement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 121, 58–67. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1108

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live is never flat

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Hi World

Hi World