Samurai code of honour
The Samurai code of honour is commonly known as Bushido, which translates to "Way of the Warrior" in English. Bushido is a moral and ethical code followed by the samurai class in feudal Japan. While the specific details of Bushido may have varied over time and between different samurai clans, some key principles were generally upheld. These principles include:
Rectitude (Gi): This emphasizes moral and ethical correctness. Samurai were expected to act with integrity and make decisions based on a strong sense of justice.
Courage (Yū): Samurai were expected to exhibit bravery in the face of adversity and to confront danger without fear. This aspect of Bushido often emphasized the willingness to face death in battle.
Benevolence (Jin): Samurai were expected to show compassion and kindness towards others. They were encouraged to be generous, charitable, and to act in a humane manner.
Respect (Rei): This involves showing respect to others, especially to those in authority. Samurai were expected to be polite and to uphold social etiquette.
Honor (Makoto or Meiyo): Honor was considered of utmost importance. Samurai were expected to maintain their personal honor and the honor of their family and clan. They were prepared to commit seppuku (a form of ritual suicide) to regain lost honor or to avoid disgrace.
Loyalty (Chūgi): Samurai were expected to be loyal to their lord (daimyō) and to follow orders without question. Loyalty was a key aspect of the samurai's relationship with their feudal lord.
Self-Control (Jisei): Samurai were expected to exercise self-discipline and control over their emotions. They were to remain calm and composed even in challenging situations.
Filial Piety (Kō): This principle emphasized the importance of respecting and honoring one's parents and ancestors. It was considered a fundamental virtue in Japanese society.
Wisdom (Chi or Chie): Samurai were encouraged to seek knowledge and wisdom. This included both academic knowledge and practical wisdom gained through experience.
The Bushido code served as a guide for samurai in their personal and professional lives. It was not a formal written code but was transmitted through oral tradition and written works. The exact interpretation and emphasis on each principle could vary among different samurai and regions in Japan.