#hydroxides

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Layered double hydroxides for oxygen evolution reactions

To guide the design and synthesis of electrocatalysts toward highly efficient oxygen evolution reactions (OER), researchers from the Beijing University of Chemical Technology have summarized four common strategies to improve the OER performance of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as well as identifying active sites for LDHs.

They published their work on Sep. 7 in Energy Material Advances.

"With the rising demand and consumption of fossil fuels, energy shortage and environmental pollution are becoming severe and unignorable," said the corresponding author Mingfei Shao, professor with the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing. "It is necessary to explore sustainable and renewable energy. Hydrogen, especially, is a new energy with splendid application prospects."

Production of highly pure hydrogen can be achieved by electrochemical water splitting using the electricity transformed from renewable energies such as wind and solar. But as one of the half reactions, OER is a four-electron process, with a low-efficiency energy utilization, according to Shaov

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[materialsscienceandengineering]

The first hydroxide conductivity in anion conducting polymer thin films

As decarbonization progresses rapidly in the world, fuel cells offer potentially higher electrical efficiency than conventional power-generating systems. Anion exchange membrane fuel cells offer advantages of using non-precious metal catalysts than proton exchange membrane fuel cells. One of the challenges of this next-generation fuel cell is to clarify the hydroxide ion conductivity in the ion conductive polymer around the electrode catalyst. The difficulty of studying the hydroxide ion conductivity at the electrode interface is that the hydroxide ion, which is a carrier, easily reacts with carbon dioxide in the air. To solve this problem, all evaluation devices were improved so that the sample did not come into contacting with air.

In a new study published in ChemSusChem, researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), namely Associate Professor Yuki Nagao and Ph.D. students Fangfang Wang and Dongjin Wang, succeeded in precisely identifying the hydroxide ion conductivity and the water amount contained in the sample without exposing the thin film sample to air. Fluorene-based cationic polymers were synthesized, and Br- and OH- samples as counter anions were prepared for comparison. It was revealed that the 270-nm-thick thin film containing hydroxide ions exhibits a high hydroxide ion conductivity of 0.05 S cm-1. This ionic conductivity was more than twice as high as the value of the thin film containing Br- ions as shown in Figure 1.

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[materialsscienceandengineering]

Sandwich catalysts offer higher activity and durability

Sandwich is the food concocted by the 18th-ceuntry nobles to play card games uninterrupted. Meat or vegetables were layered then tucked between bread to be eaten quickly while engaged in the game. This efficient food also delivered ample calories and nutrition. POSTECH research team has discovered that layering like the sandwich is an excellent way to obtain hydrogen energy, an alternative energy source for fossil fuels.

The research team led by Professor In Su Lee, SunWoo Jang, a student in the MS/PhD integrated program, and Dr. Soumen Dutta of the Department of Chemistry at POSTECH have together developed a sandwich structured catalyst that can efficiently generate hydrogen energy by activating water electrolysis. The research findings were recently published in the American Chemical Society's international journal ACS Nano.

Hydrogen fuel cells are eco-friendly power-generating devices that generate electricity using chemical reactions that produce water (H2O) from oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2). With the recent release of hydrogen-powered vehicles and the spread of hydrogen fuel cells in households, hydrogen is widely seen as the next-generation energy source to replace fossil fuels. The way water is decomposed and hydrogen is produced using surplus current obtained from solar or wind power is considered the easiest and most eco-friendly way to produce high purity hydrogen fuel in large quantities. However, this method has a disadvantage of being low in production efficiency and high in cost. In order to lower the unit price of hydrogen fuel produced through water electrolysis, it is necessary to develop highly active and stable electrochemical catalysts that can maximize hydrogen generation efficiency.

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[sarchemlabs]

What is strontium hydroxide, and how is it synthesized?

Strontium hydroxide is a chemical compound comprising one strontium atom and two hydroxide groups. It is a white, crystalline powder with a high alkalinity and can react with acids to form salts. One way to synthesize strontium hydroxide is by mixing a strontium salt, such as strontium nitrate, with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. This will cause strontium hydroxide to precipitate out of the solution, which can then be filtered, washed, and dried. Another way to synthesize strontium hydroxide is by exposing strontium metal to water, which will produce strontium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Strontium hydroxide can exist in different forms depending on the amount of water it contains, such as anhydrous, monohydrate, or octahydrate.

[oaresearchpaper]

Enhancement of phosphorus utilization and availability in the mountainous region of Man, Côte d’Ivoire

The soil has a large reserve of phosphorus. However, phosphorus availability for plant nutrition is limited, and mostly in ferralitic tropical soils, determined by the geochemical distribution of elements. In the mountainous region of Man, West Côte d’Ivoire, the geology and geomorphology constitute a particular characteristic which, more or less, could significantly influence soil phosphorus distribution and availability. A study was thus setup to assess soil oxides and mineralogy, and their influence on soil phosphorous content in Man. Four different rice producing sites were selected for soil sampling; Krikouma, Dompleu, Blolé and Petit-Gbêpleu (PG). Within each site, three composite samples were taken at 0 – 20cm depth from 3 plot of 25m2, each. The results of the X-ray fluorescence analysis showed the presence of large quantities of iron and aluminium oxides in the soil. In addition, these soils were rich in SiO2. The mineralogical matrix had two dominant mineral species Berlinite and Quartz, dividing the soils into two categories. This study provides scientific base for developing strategies for a sustainable phosphorous fertilization of rice cropping soils.

[oaresearchpaper]

Enhancement of phosphorus utilization and availability in the mountainous region of Man, Côte d’Ivoire

The soil has a large reserve of phosphorus. However, phosphorus availability for plant nutrition is limited, and mostly in ferralitic tropical soils, determined by the geochemical distribution of elements. In the mountainous region of Man, West Côte d’Ivoire, the geology and geomorphology constitute a particular characteristic which, more or less, could significantly influence soil phosphorus distribution and availability. A study was thus setup to assess soil oxides and mineralogy, and their influence on soil phosphorous content in Man. Four different rice producing sites were selected for soil sampling; Krikouma, Dompleu, Blolé and Petit-Gbêpleu (PG). Within each site, three composite samples were taken at 0 – 20cm depth from 3 plot of 25m2, each. The results of the X-ray fluorescence analysis showed the presence of large quantities of iron and aluminium oxides in the soil. In addition, these soils were rich in SiO2. The mineralogical matrix had two dominant mineral species Berlinite and Quartz, dividing the soils into two categories. This study provides scientific base for developing strategies for a sustainable phosphorous fertilization of rice cropping soils.

[tatvachintan]

Searching For A Laboratory Chemical Manufacturer? Consider These Points.

Chemical manufacturing units are growing at a faster pace due to the technological advancements in the field of science. Chemicals play an ...

Whenever You Are Looking For A Laboratory Chemical Manufacturer, You Need To Consider Certain Points Which Will Ensure That You Are Getting The Highest Quality Chemical Supplies. Read This Blog & Get To Know Those Points.

[tatvachintan]

Phase Transfer Catalyst: What Do You Mean By PTC?

What Do You Mean By PTC? What is the use of it? Read our blog to learn extensive detail about Phase Transfer Catalyst.