a few random fantasy novels not set in medieval Europe (absolutely not exhaustive)
The Chronicles of Master Li and Number Ten Ox
Dragon of the Lost Sea (etc) (Lawrence Yep) (YA)
Under Heaven — Guy Gavriel Kay
Ou Lu Ken & the Beautiful Madwoman — Jessica Amanda Salmonson
Jin Wong / Yong’s Wuxia novels (English translations may not be so great)
Crane Iron Series by Wang Dulu (includes Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)
Tomoe Gozen Trilogy by Jessica Amanda Salmonson
Brave Story, the Book of Heroes
Obsidian and Blood Trilogy (Pre-columbian Mexico)
Two Serpents Rise (mayincatec mashup)
Throne of the Crescent Moon
Desert of Souls by Howard Andrew Jones
The Lion of Al-Rassan (Iberia)
Jousters (Mercedes Lackey) (Ancient Egypt)
Zoo City (South Africa) http://www.robottradingcompany.com/zoo-city-lauren-beukes.html
The Ear, the Eye, and the Arm (YA, kinda cyberpunk, south africa)
Soldier of Sidon by Gene Wolfe (Egypt; however main character is Roman)
Imaro by Charles Saunders (East Africa)
Doussouye by Charles Saunders (West Africa) (female protagonist!)
Somewhere, But Not Medieval Europe
The Earthsea Cycle (inspired by Polynesia & the Caribbean but not really analogous to anything) (you wanna get mad about white washing get mad about the sci-fi channel)
The Knights of Breton Court (urban Arthurian in Indianapolis with black version of King Arthur)
Inda — Sherwood Smith (might be Mongolian)
10 Billion Days and 100 Billion Nights
Twelve Kingdoms (Asia mashup thingy)
Three Parts Dead (prequel to Two Serpents Rise)
Tales of Neveryon (no real world analogue but everyone’s dark skinned & pale people are considered weirdo barbarians from the south)
The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms (no real analogue)
Daughter of the Empire by Raymond E. Feist (part of the Riftwar series, some of which are fantasy medieval europe; but this one is sort of fantasy Japan by way of Dungeons & Dragons)
Malazan Book of the Fallen (kind of an edge case; not really well analogized to any Earth cultures, but occasionally has a kind of Middle Eastern vibe)
Myst: the Book of Atrus and Myst: the Book of Ti’ana (video game tie-ins; D’ni culture is based somewhat on various Semitic cultures and is the center of the series; books also notable for having a LOT to say on the evils of colonialism)
Ico (also based on a video game, but Ico feels sort of Mesopotamian)