Cuba Emphasizes Democracy and Inclusiveness Despite Closed Society
Originally from Havana, Cuba, Dr. Jorge I. Dominguez is a scholar of international relations who taught for decades at Harvard University. Having authored and edited numerous books and articles on Latin American geopolitics, Dr. Jorge I. Dominguez wrote the 2021 piece “The Democratic Claims of Communist Regime Leaders: Cuba’s Council of State in a Comparative Context,” which was published in Communist and Post-Communist Studies.
The paper explores a pattern by which communist authoritarian governments, “born of revolution,” make claims of democratic rule. Even though the elections they hold are typically noncompetitive, they may boost claims of legitimate leadership, so long as those who earned the most votes are rewarded with prominent posts, and those who receive fewer votes kept from power.
An example of this phenomenon was at stake in 2018, when the new president of Cuba, Miguel Diaz-Canel, asserted that that year’s election had created a democratic foundation for the Council of State and National Assembly. With Diaz-Canel trumpeting electoral support for the winners, he also highlighted increasing inclusiveness when it comes to race, gender, and age.
The inclusiveness trend has actually been gathering momentum over the past decade, spanning elections in 2003, 2013, and 2018. It puts Cuba on par (or better) than fellow communist regimes in East Asia. However, as in Vietnam, shares of election votes in reality had little impact on Council membership, with the most-voted “not rewarded” and the lower-voted “not sidelined,” thereby severely undermining that claim to democratic legitimacy.













