Beyond counting calories: Demystifying macronutrients
Image Source: castlewoodtc.com Visit any fitness discussion thread and there's bound to be people talking about “getting their macros.” Macro is short for macronutrients. Many people who are passionate about fitness and nutrition eat a ratio of macronutrients tailored to their special nutritional needs. Nutrients are substances that provide nourishment and help with growth, metabolism, and other bodily functions. They fall into two categories: macronutrients and micronutrients. While the human body only needs small quantities of micronutrients, it needs large amounts of macronutrients. Macronutrients provide energy in the form of calories. The three main types are protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Image Source: ppsnutrition.com Protein Protein is a molecule that can be broken down into essential and nonessential amino acids. They help the body perform a number of functions, including breaking down food and repairing body tissue. Nonessential amino acids can be synthesized by the body through metabolism, while essential amino acids need to be obtained through consumption of foods that contain them. Most people get enough protein in their diets. However, athletes often take protein supplements to facilitate repair of torn muscle tissue and increase strength. Protein provides four calories of energy per gram. Carbohydrates Thanks to low-carb diets, carbohydrates have earned a bad reputation. In truth, getting enough carbohydrates is essential for fitness and health. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy and the primary source of calories to keep the body at a healthy weight. The body converts carbohydrates into glucose, which provides energy to the brain and are necessary to keep the nervous system functioning properly. The muscles also store glucose, using it for energy during strenuous physical activity. Carbohydrates provide four calories of energy per gram. Image Source: unifittraining.co.uk Fats Despite the proliferation of low-fat diets, fats are actually necessary for survival. They provide energy, protect internal organs, maintain cell membranes, provide essential fatty acids, and are necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as the vitamins A, D, and E. Fats provide nine calories per gram. The three macronutrients are essential, but micronutrients are also important in maintaining health and fitness. People who don't get enough micronutrients in their diets could take supplements to make sure they get all the nutrients that their bodies need. Image Source: aapp.org Joel Kocher is the CEO and founder of Neogenis Labs, a nutraceuticals firm specializing in nitric oxide research and products. For more articles on nutrition, subscribe to this blog.