TOKYO -- A documentary film honing in on a 1943 incident where Japanese immigrants were forced to leave the port city Santos in Brazil's Sao
TOKYO -- A documentary film honing in on a 1943 incident where Japanese immigrants were forced to leave the port city Santos in Brazil's Sao Paulo -- a history that had been veiled for years -- premiered Aug. 7 in Tokyo and Osaka.
Yoju Matsubayashi, 42, director of the film "Okinawa/Santos" discovered a register including the names of immigrants who were subject to the displacement, and 60% of them appeared to be from Japan's southernmost prefecture of Okinawa. The incident had been considered a taboo subject for a long time even after World War II.
Japanese immigration to Brazil began in 1908, as immigrant ships first arrived in Santos located in southeastern Brazil. After Japan and the United States went to battle in 1941 during World War II, Brazil sided with the Allied powers, and broke off diplomatic relations with the Axis powers including Japan. Discrimination and prejudice against Japanese people became more severe thereafter. The Brazilian government ordered the abolishment of Japanese-language newspapers and the closure of Japanese schools, and enforced a ban on speaking Japanese in public spaces -- targeting the about 200,000 Japanese immigrants apparently living in the country at the time.
Japanese immigrants were forced out under the watchful eyes of soldiers with guns, leaving behind family assets and land they had amassed through hardship. They were put on trains and temporarily detained at an internment camp inside Sao Paulo, before moving to inland areas and other places with the help of relatives and acquaintances. There were many people who were unable to return to Santos and lost their property, even after the displacement order was lifted in 1945.
Furthermore, based on the family names, it was estimated that 60% of the individuals listed were from Okinawa. Matsubayashi then began conducting interviews with the cooperation of an association of Okinawans in Brazil. Individuals who experienced the incident and have entered old age, spoke of painful memories of being called spies and sent to internment camps, while being able to bring along little more than the clothes they were wearing.
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TOKYO -- A documentary film honing in on a 1943 incident where Japanese immigrants were forced to leave the port city Santos in Brazil's Sao















