#marine sci notes

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Turbidity

-- turbidity = the cloudiness of water or other fluids due to the presence of particles

-- large amounts of sediment, particles, or living organisms reduces light penetration

-- estuary and coastal water typically has greater turbidity than open ocean water

-- Secchi disc measures light penetration      -- white disc attached to a rope      -- lowered into the water until it is no longer visible      -- disc is raised until it is visible again      -- average distance is calculated

-- in areas with high turbidity / low light penetration, producers must live higher up to photosynthesize

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Dead Zones

-- dead zone = an area of water where oxygen levels have become very low

-- hypoxic = where oxygen is present in a very low concentration

-- dead zones have insufficient oxygen for respiration

-- organisms die or must move

-- occur near coastlines where there are high levels of nutrients washing off agricultural land

-- first one reported in the early 20th century

-- sources:      -- chemical fertilizers      -- sewage waste

-- can form naturally if nutrients are brought up from deep water by wind or current

-- Gulf of Mexico dead zone is the second largest

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