‘Harnessing the Full Potential and Building the Resilience of MSMEs And The Informal Sector.
Micro-, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs), both formal and informal, make up over 90% of all firms around the globe.i They are the backbone of most economies, particularly in developing countries Least Developed Countries (LDCs), and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). MSMEs have been recognized as important catalytic forces for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The development of MSMEs has the potential for wide reaching impacts on economic growth, employment, gender equality, food and nutritional security,
health, education, sustainable industrialization, and innovation, including through advancing transitions to the green economy.
MSMEs, both formal and informal, contribute to more than half
of GDP in most countries irrespective of income levels.iii Through their critical contribution to job creation and livelihoods, particularly for the most vulnerable and disadvantaged segments of the population, including migrants, minorities, and people with disabilities, MSMEs play a key role in reducing poverty and inequality, including through driving progress on women and youth
economic empowerment. Within the MSME sector, Micro and Small enterprises (MSEs) and informal enterprises at large, make an overwhelming contribution to job creation ranging between
80 and 90 per cent in low- and middle-income countriesiv. In crisis and conflict-affected settings, they also prove to be instrumental in supporting recovery and social cohesion. Yet, MSMEs have been disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 resulting in financial instability, business closures, and employment losses, and the situation is especially dire for MSEs particularly those led by women, youth, and other disadvantaged groups. The International Trade Centre (ITC) survey on the early impact of COVID-19 that was conducted among 4467 MSMEs across 132 countries revealed that 60% of micro and 57% of small businesses had been strongly affected compared with 43% of larger enterprises. Across countries, nearly 62% of women-led small businesses were strongly affected compared to just over half of firms led by men, while women-led businesses were 27% more likely not to survive the crisis. About 26% of youth-led firms reported that they risked shutting down permanently, compared with 18% for firms led by older people. Informality further compounds these challenges due to limited access to government support and safety nets. In Africa, which is home to 33 LDCs and where MSEs dominate, two out of three businesses had been strongly affected by COVID-19.
Nearly two years into the pandemic and amid the surge of new COVID-19 variants, recovery prospects for MSMEs remain highly uncertain. Whilst (M) SMEs have been a long-standing focus of research, policy, advocacy initiatives supported by various G20 bodies over the past 15 years (See Annex), addressing the persisting and emerging challenges facing MSMEs, including informal enterprises requires sustained attention and has been identified as a top priority by the G20 Development Working Group (DWG), other two mutually reinforcing priorities on ‘Adaptative Social Protection’ and ‘Green Economy and Low Carbon Development’.
In this context, the Scoping Note reviews the challenges surrounding MSMEs’ recovery and development in the post-COVID era (Section 2) and identifies opportunities for collective action to strengthen the productivity, competitiveness, and long-term resiliencevii of MSMEs, taking into account the diversity of MSMEs and specific needs of most vulnerable enterprises (Section 3).