Nelson, British Columbia
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This article is about the city of Nelson, British Columbia. For the provincial electoral district Nelson (electoral district), Nelson City (provincial electoral district), Nelson-Creston and other ridings in the West Kootenay area, see List of electoral districts in the Kootenays.
Nelson Historic Baker Street Coat of arms LogoNickname(s): The Queen CityMotto: "Forge Ahead"
Nelson
Location of City of Nelson within British Columbia, CanadaCoordinates:
49°30′0″N 117°17′0″WCoordinates:
49°30′0″N 117°17′0″WCountryCanadaProvinceBritish ColumbiaRegional DistrictCentral KootenayIncorporated1897Government • MayorJohn Dooley • Governing bodyNelson City Council • MPAlex Atamanenko (NDP) • MLAMichelle Mungall (NDP)Area • Land11.93 km2 (4.61 sq mi)Elevation535 m (1,755 ft)Population (2011[1]) • Total10,230 • Density857.7/km2 (2,221/sq mi)Time zonePST (UTC−8) • Summer (DST)PDT (UTC−7)Postal code spanV1LArea code(s)250Websitenelson.ca
Nelson (Sinixt: k'iya'lmup,[2] Ktunaxa: ʔaqyamǂup[3]) is a city located in the Selkirk Mountains on the extreme West Arm of Kootenay Lake in theSouthern Interior of British Columbia, Canada. Known as "The Queen City", and acknowledged for its impressive collection of restored heritage buildings from its glory days in a regional silver rush, Nelson is one of the three cities forming the commercial and population core of the West Kootenay region, the others being Castlegar and Trail. The city is the seat of the Regional District of Central Kootenay. It is represented in theprovincial legislature by the riding of Nelson-Creston, and in the Parliament of Canada by the riding of British Columbia Southern Interior. Highways 3A and 6 pass through Nelson, while a scheduled commercial airline service is available at the West Kootenay Regional Airport, approximately 43 kilometres south-west of the city.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Baker Street
2 Demographics
3 Climate
4 Culture
4.1 Media
4.1.1 Radio
4.1.2 Print
5 Activities
6 Sports
7 Notable residents
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
The West Kootenay region of British Columbia, where the city of Nelson is situated, is part of the traditional territories of the Sinixt (or Lakes) andKtunaxa (Kutenai) peoples.
Gold and silver were found in the area in 1867. Following the discovery of silver at nearby Toad Mountain in 1886, the town boomed quickly, leading to incorporation in 1897. Two railways were built to pass through Nelson. Due to its location near transportation corridors, Nelson grew to supply the local mining activity and soon became a transportation and distribution centre for the region.
The town soon matured from a false-fronted boom town to a sophisticated city.[citation needed] Francis Rattenbury, an architect most noted in British Columbia for the Parliament Buildings in Victoria, the Vancouver Provincial Courthouse, and the second Hotel Vancouver, designed chateau-style civic buildings made of granite, which stand today. By the 1900s, Nelson boasted several fine hotels, a Hudson's Bay Companystore and an electric streetcar system. The local forestry and mining industries were well established.
The town built its own hydroelectric generating system. English immigrants planted lakeside orchards, and Doukhobors from Russia, sponsored by Tolstoy and the Quakers, tilled the valley benchlands. The Doukhobor museum is located nearby, close to the neighbouring town of Castlegar.
During the Vietnam War, many American draft dodgers settled in Nelson and the surrounding area. This influx of liberal, mostly educated young people had a significant impact on the area's cultural and political demographics.
Nelson's mountainous geography kept growth confined to the narrow valley bottom, except for certain hillside structures such as the local High School and the former NDU campus. Throughout the '60s and '70s, when more prosperous cities were tearing down and rebuilding their downtowns to the design of the time, Nelson merchants 'modernized' their buildings with covers of aluminum siding.
Baker Street[edit]
In the early 1980s, Nelson suffered a devastating economic downturn when the local Kootenay Forest Products sawmill was closed. Downtown merchants were already suffering from the opening of a large, regional shopping centre on Nelson's central waterfront, the Chahko Mika Mall. At the time, Victoria and Vancouver were experimenting with historical restorations of their oldest areas, with great success. To save downtown and Baker Street from blight, Nelson quickly followed suit, stripping aluminum facades and restoring the buildings to their original brilliance. Local designer Bob Inwood, one of Nelson's many American immigrants, played a major role as a consultant. By 1985, Baker Street was completely transformed. Affirmation of the street's success came in 1986 when Steve Martin chose to produce his feature film Roxanne largely in Nelson, using the local fire hall as a primary set and many historic locations for others. More broadly, the transformation marked the beginning of Nelson's ongoing transition from a resource-based town to an arts and tourism town. A walk down Baker Street through the Historic District is now one of Nelson's promoted visitor activities.
Demographics[edit]
Canada 2014 CensusPopulation % of Total PopulationVisible minority group Source:[4]Chinese1401.4%South Asian900.6%Black300.2%Filipino140%Latin American250.3%Southeast Asian00%Arab00%West Asian00%Korean00%Japanese250.3%Other visible minority300.3%Mixed visible minority00%Total visible minority population2902.9%Aboriginal group Source:[5]First Nations2452.5%Métis2652.7%Inuit00%Total Aboriginal population5105.1%White9,18092%Total population9,980100%
Climate[edit]
Nelson has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with four distinct seasons. Winters are cold and snowy while summers are warm and drier with cool temperatures during the night.
[hide]Climate data for South Slocan (~20km West of Nelson)MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYearRecord high °C (°F)10.0 (50)14.5 (58.1)22.5 (72.5)30.0 (86)35.5 (95.9)38.0 (100.4)41.0 (105.8)39.5 (103.1)36.1 (97)26.1 (79)17.2 (63)11.7 (53.1)41.0 (105.8)Average high °C (°F)−0.2 (31.6)3.6 (38.5)9.3 (48.7)15.5 (59.9)20.4 (68.7)24.2 (75.6)28.0 (82.4)28.5 (83.3)21.7 (71.1)13.8 (56.8)4.8 (40.6)0.2 (32.4)14.1 (57.4)Daily mean °C (°F)−3.7 (25.3)−0.6 (30.9)3.5 (38.3)8.3 (46.9)12.7 (54.9)16.4 (61.5)19.1 (66.4)19.3 (66.7)13.8 (56.8)7.6 (45.7)1.5 (34.7)−2.9 (26.8)7.9 (46.2)Average low °C (°F)−7.1 (19.2)−4.9 (23.2)−2.3 (27.9)1.0 (33.8)4.9 (40.8)8.5 (47.3)10.1 (50.2)10.0 (50)5.8 (42.4)1.4 (34.5)−1.9 (28.6)−5.9 (21.4)1.6 (34.9)Record low °C (°F)−31.7 (−25.1)−30.6 (−23.1)−22.2 (−8)−7.8 (18)−6.1 (21)0.0 (32)2.8 (37)2.2 (36)−4.4 (24.1)−11.0 (12.2)−23.5 (−10.3)−35.0 (−31)−35.0 (−31)Precipitation mm (inches)94.0 (3.701)69.8 (2.748)62.4 (2.457)61.0 (2.402)68.2 (2.685)71.1 (2.799)54.4 (2.142)49.4 (1.945)51.4 (2.024)61.6 (2.425)104.0 (4.094)105.9 (4.169)853.2 (33.591)Rainfall mm (inches)39.0 (1.535)48.4 (1.906)56.5 (2.224)60.3 (2.374)68.2 (2.685)71.1 (2.799)54.4 (2.142)49.4 (1.945)51.4 (2.024)59.8 (2.354)78.9 (3.106)42.7 (1.681)680.0 (26.772)Snowfall cm (inches)55.1 (21.69)21.3 (8.39)5.9 (2.32)0.7 (0.28)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)0 (0)1.8 (0.71)25.2 (9.92)63.3 (24.92)173.2 (68.19)Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)14.112.713.312.513.713.210.08.88.611.315.114.6147.8Avg. rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)6.88.912.412.513.713.210.08.88.611.212.25.7123.9Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)9.24.81.80.24000000.384.910.231.5Source: Environment Canada[6]
Culture[edit]
Nelson has earned a reputation as a cultural centre.[7] The downtown area is packed with good restaurants, cafes, coffee houses, local shops, small art galleries, the restored Capitol Theatre (a regional hub for the performing arts) and impromptu theatre venues. The city is about forty-five minutes away from the site of the annual Shambhala Music Festival, an internationally known artistic music festival held in August at the Salmo River Ranch. It is also home to the Whitewater Ski Resort and the Nelson Brewing Company (a regional microbrewery).
As with many communities in British Columbia, Nelson experienced a real-estate boom. In the early 2000s, real-estate prices skyrocketed, putting ownership out of reach for less affluent residents.[7] Nelsonites are proud of their community's "small town" feel, which has remained relatively free of the chain stores, franchises and strip-mall developments that are common in other towns of similar size. There has been a push[by whom?] for residents to buy from local businesses, as opposed to supporting large corporations.[citation needed]
For its geographic scale, the Central Kootenay region (in which Nelson is situated) has an uncommonly high number of organic farms, market gardens, and home gardens. Many Nelson residents grow decorative or food gardens (or both). The town has several outlets for natural foods, including a year-round co-op market.
Nelson is also an alternative lifestyles hot spot noted for its profitable (albeit unlawful) marijuana production, with The Guardian reporting that "Nelson was able to make the transition from a typical rural lumber town into a thriving arts and mountain sports hotbed, due in part to the wealth generated by marijuana growers. If one were to have spent the last three years in this idyllic mountain hamlet, the economic crisis would have been barely noticeable."[8] Hemp clothes and cannabis-related products are sold in local stores.
Media[edit]
Radio[edit]
CJLY-FM 93.5 (Kootenay Co-op Radio)
CBYN-FM 98.7 (CBC Radio One; repeats CBTK-FM Kelowna)
CHNV-FM 103.5 ("The Bridge")
CKKC-FM 106.9 ("EZ Rock")
Print[edit]
The Nelson Daily News was a local newspaper which began publishing in 1902. In 2010, it was announced the paper would shut down following a final edition to be published July 16, 2010.[9]The closure occurred shortly after the Nelson Daily News' acquisition by Black Press, which purchased the paper from Glacier Media Inc.[10][11]
Black Press owns the Nelson Star, now published twice weekly.
Activities[edit]
Cultural activities abound in Nelson. Set in the natural beauty of the Selkirks, many artists and writers make Nelson their home. Nelson is highlighted as the "Number One Small Town Arts Community in Canada" by the publisher of The 100 Best Small Arts Towns in America,[12] and is home to a large and diverse artisan community.[12] The annual Artwalk, a display of artwork at various venues around town features local talent. July, August and September mark three months of exhibitions throughout the downtown core in variety of galleries and local businesses. Each month has a separate grand opening, (usually the first Friday evening of the month), which includes refreshments, musicians and artwork for locals and visitors to enjoy as they stroll through downtown Nelson.
Nelson Marketfest
Nelson features several regular outdoor markets where artisans and farmers can be found selling everything from local produce, poultry and farm-fresh eggs to handcrafted jewelry, pottery and clothes.[citation needed] These markets are all run by the West Kootenay EcoSociety. The Cottonwood Community Market, located at Cottonwood Falls Park, takes place every Saturday from May through October. The Downtown Local Market happens on Baker Street every Wednesday from June through September. Marketfest, a lively nighttime street market in the heart of Nelson's downtown, happens on the last Friday of the month in June, July, and August. The markets all offer regional farm produce, delicious foods, and a stunning variety of locally hand-crafted products.
Two local hiking trails are popular. The Nelson-Salmo Great Northern Trail is a very gently sloped rail trail which runs across Nelson and allows biking.[citation needed] The Pulpit Rock Trail offers a short but somewhat challenging hike that ends in a beautiful view of the city. After Pulpit Rock the trail continues up the spine of Elephant Mountain (as the locals call it) to more postcard views, and eventually to the radio towers which are visible from everywhere in the city. Hikers venturing beyond Pulpit Rock should have basic wilderness gear and exercise common sense. Public access to the Pulpit Rock trail has been restored with the opening, in the spring of 2009, of a new access point several hundred metres west of the old trail head, which was on private land.[citation needed]
In the winter, skiing and snowboarding are Nelson's primary outdoor activities. Thirty minutes south of town is the Whitewater Ski Resort, which provides access, (via one triple chairlift, two double chairlifts and a handle tow), to 396 vertical metres of beginner to advanced terrain. The resort also provides access to hundreds of kilometres of off-piste skiing and back country touring. The Nelson area is home to over 20 cat-skiing, heli-skiing and ski-touring operators, and hundreds of kilometres of cross-country trails are available for the Nordic skier.[citation needed] In 2012 Nelson and Rossland, a small city south-west of Nelson, were jointly voted best ski locales in North America by readers of California based Powder Magazine.
Mountain biking is part of the local culture, and Nelson offers a wide variety of MTB-oriented trails for all levels of experience. Excellent trail maps are available at local bike shops.[citation needed]
Rock climbing is also a popular summer activity. Kootenay Crag, Hall Siding, Grohman Narrows and CIC Bluffs are popular city crags. Slocan Bluffs and Kinnaird are in nearby Slocan City and Castlegar. 2003 saw bouldering take off in Nelson, with extensive new development of bouldering areas in Grohman Narrows and nearby Robson. Mountaineers and alpine rock climbers head to the Valhalla Provincial Park in the Selkirk Mountains for long alpine routes on unique textured granite.[citation needed] The Mulvey Basin, Cougar Creek[13] and Nemo Creek areas have routes ranging in grade from 5.4 to 5.12.[citation needed]
Nelson is also located close to Kokanee Glacier Provincial Park.
On January 13, 2007, Nelson was the broadcast location for the annual Hockey Day in Canada.
Sports[edit]
ClubLeagueSportVenueEstablishedChampionshipsNelson LeafsKIJHLIce HockeyNelson Community Complex19685
Notable residents[edit]
Greg Adams
Sarah Allen
Edward Applewhaite
Nancy Argenta
Ian Bennett
Selwyn G. Blaylock
Robbie Bourdon
Art Boyce
Margaret Catley-Carlson
Thomas d'Aquino
Kurt Sorge
Alana DeLong
Benno Friesen
Danny Gare
James E. Gill
Ona Grauer
Robert Hampton Gray
John Greyson
Ted Hargreaves
John Houston
Levi William Humphrey
Tim Hus
Martin Michael Johnson
Lionel Kearns
Geoff Kinrade
Laurelee Kopeck
Patrick Lane
Mike Laughton
Edna Malone
Lisa Menna
Thomas Middleditch
John Newlove
Pat Price
Sandy Santori
Keegan Sauder
Adham Shaikh
Norman Symonds
Tom Velisek
Padma Viswanathan
Jack Wright
See also[edit]
Nelson Daily News
References[edit]
Jump up^ "(Code 5903015) Census Profile". 2011 census. Statistics Canada. 2012. Retrieved 2012-06-22
Jump up^ Pryce, Paula, 'Keeping the lakes Way, quoting Verne Ray, p155
Jump up^ "FirstVoices: Nature / Environment - place names: words. Ktunaxa.". Retrieved 2012-07-07.
Jump up^ "Community Profiles from the 2011 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision". 2.statcan.gc.ca. 2013-07-09. Retrieved 2013-07-09.
Jump up^ "Aboriginal Peoples - Data table". 2.statcan.ca. 2010-10-06. Retrieved 2013-04-13.
Jump up^ "South Slocan, British Columbia". Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000 (in English & French). Environment Canada. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
^ Jump up to:a b "Nelson British Columbia". communitynutshell.com. Retrieved April 8, 2012.
Jump up^ Haddow, Douglas (5 August 2010). "Marijuana may cause Canada's economic comedown". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 August 2010.
Jump up^ Payne, Colin (12 July 2010). "Final Edition". Nelson Daily News. Retrieved 12 July 2010.[dead link]
Jump up^ "B.C. newspapers closing". The Vancouver Sun. 6 July 2010. Retrieved 9 July 2010.[dead link]
Jump up^ Davidson, Darren (6 July 2010). "After 109 years, NDN’s run over". Nelson Daily News. Retrieved 9 July 2010.[dead link]
^ Jump up to:a b Villani, John 1998 100 Best Small Art Towns In America. Emeryville, Calif: Avalon Travel Publishers.
Jump up^ Cougar Creek, www.cavecreeksystems.com