overconsumption isn’t cute. you don’t need 47 foundations to feel beautiful. late-stage capitalism just wants you to think you do.
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overconsumption isn’t cute. you don’t need 47 foundations to feel beautiful. late-stage capitalism just wants you to think you do.
"CLEAN GIRL IS OVER" apparently.
So I really don’t know what exactly I did, but I was on Instagram and yo. Look, I wasn’t ever a fan of the "clean girl" trend, but I just found it fascinating how everyone’s ditching it for 2016 Zara Larsson coded makeup and outfits. Like good on you, but I was just thinking about what would happen to all the stuff from the clean girl era. I wanted to see whether certain aesthetics actually "die" or if we just stop talking about them. So I pulled Google Trends data. Then I checked resale markets. Then I made a spreadsheet.
I became slightly obsessed and turned it into a research question: How long does an aesthetic trend retains economic value after peak attention
If trends are accelerating, are they also collapsing faster? And if they are, what happens to all the stuff produced for them?
The Method
I picked three aesthetics:
Clean girl
E-girl
Cottagecore
For each one, I:
1. Mapped lifecycle phases using Google Trends
2. Identified peak attention
3. Took cross-sectional resale snapshots (30 items each, clothing only, no bundles, no joke prices)
4. Measured:
Median resale price
% under $15
Total listing volume
I treated resale value collapse as a proxy for economic devaluation.
Because once an item can't retain resale value, it's economically near-discard.
The Concept I Ended Up With
Economic Half-Life =
Months after peak attention until median resale price falls below $15.
Basically: how fast does a trend lose market survivability?
What I Found:
Cottagecore
Massive listing volume
73% under $15
Still huge resale presence years after peak
Long decay tail
E-girl
Peaked early (2021)
Lower listing volume
53% under $15
Slow bleed into low-value persistence
Smaller volume, but long persistence.
Clean girl
Slower rise (2022–2026)
Hit peak January 2026
83% under $15 almost immediately
Extremely tight price clustering (~$11)
This one collapsed economically almost instantly after peak attention.
Which suggests something new: Supply elasticity is now extremely high.
Production reacts so fast that by the time attention peaks, the market is already saturated.
I combined three proxies:
Share under $15 (value collapse)
Normalized listing volume (scale of material committed)
Post-peak persistence (how long low value lingers)
Cottagecore had the highest waste intensity
E-girl was persistent but smaller-scale waste
Clean girl had rapid short-term waste spike
The bigger pattern is that trend cycles are shortening.
Older trends take 12-18 months to collapse and ~1-3 years before resale value really died, but recent ones take 1-3 months to resale collapse and have under 6 months of survivability
Now because my entire page is about who profits and who holds risk, let’s analyze that real quick.
1. Platforms & influencers
Profit from attention velocity
Hold no inventory
2. Producers
Profit from volume
Offload surplus
3. Consumers
Absorb depreciation
Internalize resale failure
4. Secondary markets
Attempt to clear oversupply
Normalize ultra-low prices
Environmental systems absorb what markets can't, and economic devaluation precedes physical waste.
So what supreme is that trends behave like speculative assets. Early adopters extract symbolic and sometimes economic value, late adopters absorb depreciation, and platforms profit from volatility itself. As cycles shorten, the gap between profit extraction and waste generation widens. Costs move downward when move upward.
So what exactly I'm gonna do with this, I'm not sure. But I definitely want to expand because this is interesting, so here’s my very rough plan:
Expand to 10+ aesthetics
Build an Aesthetic Volatility Index
Stress-test the Economic Half-Life model
See whether post-2023 trends collapse nonlinearly faster
Anyway.
I’m hooked.
If you guys want, I'd really appreciate if you could recommend different aesthetics for me to do next, or tell me if you want a more in depth guide on how to do this yourself.
But anyway.
Expect more soon!
let's talk about rage bait
some images are not neutral, nor are they accidents. they're designed to provoke a reaction--shock, jealously, disgust, even defensiveness--because emotion drives engagement, and engagement drives profit.
when you see a room full of makeup, a 30-step skincare routine, a even just a "quick haul", the goal isn't to inform you, but to make you feel something. that feeling is usually insecurity or outrage, mainly because both keep you scrolling.
some people feel inferior and ask "why don't i have this? am i behind?" others feel morally superior and declare "this is disgusting. people are so wasteful." both reactions still boost the post. both still feed to algorithm. the key point is that neither reaction threatens the system that produced the image in the first place.
that's usually why context is always missing. you never really hear whether products were gifted, returned, written off, expired, unused, etc. or whether the person is a professional, sponsored, or staging excess for attention. ambiguity is the point; confusion keeps you arguing in the comments instead of questioning why your questioning in the first place.
and i understand! professionals may need an excess of items to get their jobs done, but the system doesn't target professionals. it targets everyday people like you and me.
late stage capitalism doesn't need you to want these things, but it just needs you to be emotionally activated by them. outrage is just as profitable as aspiration.
so when people say "this is just meant to make you upset," they're right. But not in the way that they think. The issue isn't that you felt something, but more so that you're trained to emotionally respond to excess instead of critically interrogating it.
calling it out doesn't make you a buzz-kill (and believe me, people may call you that.) it's recognizing that when a system benefits from your insecurity, anger, or self-doubt, those feelings didn't come from nowhere.
clean girl has actually not declined yet my last post was wrong but that's besides the point
So if you saw my last post, I posted “clean girl is over” and thought I was just spiteful because I look terrible in a slickback.
But I did a lot of research since then.
A lot.
So I just wanted to share what I found since I promised to update you guys.
You guys gave me more trends to test, so I expanded to these aesthetics:
Balletcore
Office siren
Indie kid
Tumblr grunge
Dark academia
Y2K
Coquette
Shoujo girl
VSCO girl
Downtown girl
Acubi
Goblincore
I basically tried to measure waste from aesthetic trends without directly tracking landfill data (which is almost impossible to get in real time).
So I used three proxies:
1. Value collapse
I measured this as % of listings under $15
Because in resale, under $15 = near-discard tier
2. Listing surplus
This is just total resale listings
More listings = more material committed to the trend
Cottagecore is insane here btw (356K listings)
3. Supply-demand mismatch timing
Basically a trend peaks, demand falls, but supply doesn’t
The longer prices stay low after the peak, the more likely that stuff never gets used again
Then I combined all three into one number:
Trend Waste Index (TWI)
It weights:
– cheapness (0.4)
– volume (0.4)
– how long the oversupply lingers (0.2)
And the ranking is kind of brutal:
Which leads into the second thing I measured:
Trend Half-Life
This is just:
How long until a trend loses half its attention?
Average across everything: ~2 years
But here’s a pattern I’m noticing:
Older trends (2020-2021):
~2-3 year EHL
Mid trends (2022–2023):
~1-2 EHL
New trends (2024-2026):
sometimes under 1 year
This shows trend decay is accelerating.
And when you line that up with resale data, you get this pattern:
Fast spike
Instant overproduction
Price collapse
Resale flood
Which explains why prices all cluster around like $11-$13
Everyone is undercutting each other because there’s too much supply
Different types of trends behave differently though:
Microtrends (office siren, acubi)
explode
die
create the most waste
Slower cultural trends (cottagecore, tumblr grunge)
decline gradually
still wasteful, but less abrupt
Revival trends (Y2K, dark academia)
never fully die
actually less waste because demand keeps coming back
This is basically a market failure. platforms and influencers generate demand while holding zero risk, brands produce fast and sell volume while offloading excess, and consumers and resellers are the ones stuck with depreciation, while the environment absorbs whatever is left.
The system overproduces by design because the decision-makers don’t bear the downside, which is what creates a negative externality. And it’s getting worse as everything speeds up. Trends move faster, production reacts instantly, economic life gets shorter, and waste per trend increases.
Resale markets don’t actually solve this; they just delay disposal while prices collapse. So trends aren’t just cultural cycles anymore; they’re compressed economic cycles, where value is extracted quickly at the top and waste is pushed downstream just as fast.
So I tested some other trends from Italy and South Korea. So far, they show me similar patterns, but I need more South Korean trends to really test my study. Five South Korean trends in total were used:
발레코어
하이틴
고프코어
Y2K
우아한
if you know of any more, please tell me bc i really am invested in this project.
also, sorry if any of this was unclear or anything; i’m writing this kinda late and my brain is fried. if you have any further questions feel free to message me and ask! if you want you guys can look more at my notes: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1DS2rFtq7b8t9jRk-l74gw8Ozb8qbaW34?usp=sharing they’re not finished but they give you more of an explanation than this post probably will lol.
anyway i hope you guys have a great day.