#racial desegregation

[thesociologicalcinema]

1. In this image Elizabeth Eckford is turned away from Central High School by members of the Arkansas National Guard, called out by Governor Orval Faubus, supposedly to stop riots between Blacks and whites. In fact, the National Guard simply prevented eight Black students from entering Central High School in defiance of a Federal Judge's order. Twenty days later, President Eisenhower sent the U.S. Army in to force the school to integrate, September 4, 1957. Photo credit: Bettmann

2. In this image teenager Elizabeth Eckford is turned away from entering Central High School by Arkansas National Guardsmen under orders from Governor Orval Faubus, 1957. Photo credit: Francis Miller / The LIFE Picture Collection

3.  A policeman forces an unidentified woman into a squad car after violence broke out in Little Rock, Arkansas, when nine Negro students eluded a crowd of angry whites and entered Central High School. Their entrance into the school touched off a walkout of white students, September 25, 1957. Source: The Cavalier Daily / NEA Telephoto

4.  Grace McKinley escorting her daughter Linda Gail McKinley and a friend to Fehr Elementary School, corner of Fifth Avenue and Garfield Street, Nashville, Tennessee. Mrs. McKinley walks through an irate crowd of segregationists carrying picket signs and protesters of public school desegregation, September 9, 1957. Photo credit: John Malone

[thesociologicalcinema]

Linda Brown and her Sister Walking to School, Topeka, Kansas, March 1953. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court ruled on Oliver Brown et al. v. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas and ended legal public-school segregation in the United States. This case was named for the fourth-grader Linda Brown--seen here at age ten, with her sister Terry Lynn, age six. Under segregation laws they were not allowed to attend the nearby New Summer School but had to walk six blocks through the dangerous Rock Island Switchyard in order to catch a bus to all-black Monroe School. Photo credit: Carl Iwaski — in Topeka, Kansas.

[thesociologicalcinema]

Desegregation of Central High School Little Rock, Arkansas, 1957. Photo credit: Ernest C. Withers — in Little Rock, Arkansas.

[thesociologicalcinema]

Despite an order of the federal court, Governor George Wallace appointed himself the temporary University registrar and stood in the doorway of the University of Alabama administration building to prevent the enrollment of two African-American students, Vivian Malone Jones and James Hood. In response, President Kennedy federalized the Alabama National Guard. One hundred guardsman escorted the students to campus and their commander, General Henry Graham, ordered George Wallace to "step aside," June 12, 1963 — in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.